主谓一致

　　主谓一致指“人称和“数方面的一致关系。对大多数人来说，往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难。一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则的支配：语法一致原则 (grammatical concord) 意义一致原则 (notional concord) 就近原则 (principle of proximity)。“主谓一致考查内容涉及名词单数或复数作主语、不可数名词作主语、不定代词作主语、并列结构作主语、特殊名词作主语时与谓语动词数的一致等。

　　1. 在名词+of+名词这种结构中, 前一个名词是整个短语的中心词, 当该短语作主语时，一般以of之前名词的数为依据确定谓语的数.

　　one of 之后需接复数名词，但one of+名词作主语时中心词是one，故谓语应用单数

　　One of my students wins the game.

　　2. 由and连接的多个名词作主语，谓语动词应用复数

　　Jim, John and Mary are playing football.

　　Career and love are important to me.

　　但是如果用and连接起来表示单一的概念时，谓语动词要用单数

　　The famous singer and actress, Whitney Huston is coming to the ceremony.

　　(在这里, singer和actress指得是同一人, 都是Whitney Huston)

　　3. 不可数名词，尤其是抽象名词(relation, authority, necessity, power, democracy, young等)作主语时要视为单数，谓语自然也要用单数

　　The relation between us is very simple.

　　4. 单个从句作主语时，谓语用单数

　　When they will come hasn't been made public.

　　That she has gone insane is sheer rumor.

　　5. 如果主语是单数，那么即使后面有with/ together with/ along with/accompanied by, no less than, like, but, except, including, besides等引导的短语，谓语动词仍然要是用单数

　　例如：The boy, together with his parents, goes to the cinema today.

　　No one except the two boys knows how to solve this problem.

　　6. 由Not A but B, Not only A but also B, either A or B, neither A nor B引导的主语，谓语通常和最邻近的主语相一致

　　Not you but he is tired of typing.

　　Not only the students but also the teacher is going to be blamed.

　　Either you or Mary hurts her.

　　Neither my wife nor I myself am able to persuade my daughter to change her mind.

　　7.在there be句型、介词短语、副词为句首引起的倒装句中，真正的主语通常在谓语的后面，谓语应该和后面的主语在数方面相一致。

　　但是在there be 句型中，如果有两个或者两个以上的主语，必须和最接近他的那个主语相一致。

　　There is only one pencil, two books and one cup on the table.

　　Many a time has he given us good advice.

　　There are a lot of books on the table.