动词的-ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词,在英语语法中使用极其广泛,同时也是高考中的重要考点,因此要求每位高中学生对其都应清楚了解并正确运用。
下面就动词的-ing形式在句中做定语总结如下:动词的-ing形式做定语在句中通常有两个位置,如果是单个的动词的-ing形式做定语,常放在被修饰词前做前置定语;如果是动词的-ing形式的短语做定语,常放在被修饰词后做后置定语。如:
1.He is an attacking player.他是一个攻击型的运动员。
2.He asked an embarrassing question.他提了一个令人难堪的问题。
3.A little child learning to walk often falls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤。
4.Do you know the number of people coming to the party?你知道来参加晚会的人数吗?
注意:当-ing形式做后置定语时,可以相当于相应的定语从句。如:
1.A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday.
→A young man who writes novels came to speak to us yesterday.
一位写小说的青年昨天来向我们作报告。
2.The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.
→The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。
-ing形式做定语通常从以下三方面考查,即:
1)说明被修饰词的性质,特征或用途。如:
1.They set up an operating table in a small temple.他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。
2.He may be in the reading room,for all I know.他说不定在阅览室里。
3.Ladies and gentlemen,please go and wait in the meeting room.女士们先生们,请去会议室等待。
2)与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作。如:
1.There were about 200 children studying in the art school.有大约二百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。
2.Who is the woman talking to our English teacher?
正在和我们英语老师谈话的那位妇女是谁?
3)有些-ing形式已经转化成形容词,常做定语用来修饰物,表示“令人……。常用的此类词有:exciting,amusing,amazing,astonishing,shocking,puzzling,confusing,disappointing,discouraging,pleasing,striking,boring,tiring,touching,moving,interesting,satisfying,terrifying,frightening等。如:
1.That must have been a terrifying experience.那准时一段可怕的经历。
2.The experiment was an amazing success.那项试验是一个惊人的成功。
3.There is a page missing from this book.这本书(转载自中国教育文摘http://www.edUzhai.net,请保留此标记。)缺了一页。
除了-ing形式能做定语外,如果-ing形式与被修饰词是被动关系,就用它的被动式,即being done.being doing通常表示正在被做,常做后置定语。如:
1.The tall building being built now is our new school.正在被建的高楼是我们的新学校。
2.The question being discussed was presented by the headmaster.正在被讨论的问题是被校长提出的。
■-ing形式做定语专练
1.The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _____.
A.20 dollars remained B.20 dollars to remain
C.remained 20 dollars D.remaining 20 dollars.
2.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ______ the desert.
A.covering B.covered C.cover D.to cover
3.I was told that there were about 50 foreign students ____ Chinese in the school,most _____ were from Germany.
A.study;of whom B.study;of them
C.studying;of them D.studying;of whom
4.The question ______ at present has something important to do with our daily life.
A.to be discussing B.to discuss
C.been discussed D.being discussed
5.China is a_____country______to the third world.
A.developed;belongs B.developing;belonging
C.developing;belongs D.developed;belonged
6.---Who is the man______to the teacher?
---A model worker_____our school.
A.talks,visits B.is talking;is visiting
C.talking;visiting D.talking;visited
7.How many of us________,say,a meeting that has nothing to do with us will be interested in the discussion?
A.attend B.attending C.to attend D.have attended
8.The flowers_____sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A.to smell B.smelling C.smelt D.to be smelt
答案:D A D D B C B B
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