《习近平谈治国理政》第三卷重要概念汉英对照（三）

中央宣传部 中国

把人民军队全面建成世界一流军队

1.新时代党的强军思想

the CPC’s (Party’s) philosophy on strengthening the military for the new era

例句：全军要坚持以新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，深入贯彻党的十九大和十九届二中、三中全会精神，深入贯彻新时代党的强军思想，深入贯彻新时代军事战略方针，在新的起点上做好军事斗争准备工作，开创强军事业新局面。 译文：The military must follow the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and implement the guiding principles of the 19th CPC National Congress in 2017 and the second and third plenary sessions of the 19th CPC Central Committee in 2018. The military must act on the Party’s philosophy on strengthening the military for the new era, implement a strategy for new conditions, and get ready to meet any new challenge at this new starting point. (from main points of the speech at a meeting of the Central Military Commission on military work, January 4, 2019)

2.党在新时代的强军目标

the Party’s goal of building a strong military in the new era

例句：党在新时代的强军目标是建设一支听党指挥、能打胜仗、作风优良的人民军队，把人民军队建设成为世界一流军队。 译文：The Party’s goal of building a strong military in the new era is to build the people’s forces into world-class forces that obey the Party’s command, can fight and win, and maintain excellent conduct. (from the report to the 19th CPC National Congress, October 18, 2017)

3.党对军队绝对领导

the Party’s absolute leadership over the military / absolute Party leadership over the military

例句：党的十八大之后，党中央和中央军委坚持从政治上建设和掌握军队，特别是召开古田全军政治工作会议，狠抓全面从严治党、全面从严治军，坚持党对军队绝对领导，坚持以整风精神推进政治整训，坚持以理论武装凝心聚魂，坚持把党组织搞坚强，坚持贯彻军队好干部标准，坚持正风肃纪、反腐惩恶，带领全军寻根溯源、革弊鼎新，推动管党治党从宽松软走向严紧硬。 译文：After the 18th CPC National Congress in 2017, the CPC Central Committee and the Central Military Commission (CMC) set about strengthening the military and its political governance. In particular, the Gutian Conference on Military Political Work was held in 2017 to emphasize the need to promote our Party’s full and rigorous self-governance and govern the military with strict discipline in every respect. As was decided at the meeting, we must: uphold absolute Party leadership over the military; enhance political education to improve Party conduct in the military; preserve the unity of the military through theoretical education; strengthen Party organizations in the military; set up qualification requirements for military officers; improve Party conduct and enforce Party discipline; fight corruption and punish vice; lead the military in maintaining our original aspiration, abandoning outdated practices, and creating new institutions; and ensure Party self-governance with stricter, harsher, and more punitive discipline. (from main points of the speech at a meeting of the Central Military Commission on strengthening the Party, August 17, 2018)

4.党领导军队的制度体系

institutional framework for Party leadership in the military

例句：要健全党领导军队的制度体系，全面规范我军党的工作和政治工作。 译文：We must improve the institutional framework for Party leadership in the military to make Party affairs and other political work in the military more procedure-based. (from main points of the speech at a meeting of the Central Military Commission on strengthening the Party, August 17, 2018)

5.新时代人民军队党的领导和党的建设工作

(to strengthen) the Party’s leadership and organizations in the military in the new era

例句：全面加强新时代我军党的领导和党的建设工作，是推进党的建设新的伟大工程的必然要求，是推进强国强军的必然要求。 译文：Strengthening the Party’s leadership and organizations in the military in the new era is a prerequisite for implementing the great new project of strengthening the Party, and for building a strong country with a strong military. (from main points of the speech at a meeting of the Central Military Commission on strengthening the Party, August 17, 2018)

6.党委统一的集体领导下的首长分工负责制

leaders’ responsibility system under the unified, collective leadership of Party committees

例句：要落实党委统一的集体领导下的首长分工负责制，做到一切工作都置于党委统一领导之下，一切重要问题都由党委研究决定。 译文：We must implement the leaders’ responsibility system under the unified, collective leadership of Party committees，ensuring that all work is done under the leadership of Party committees and all major issues are decided by the Party committees after discussion. (from main points of the speech at a meeting of the Central Military Commission on strengthening the Party, August 17, 2018)

7.军委管总、战区主战、军种主建

(a new structure with) the CMC exercising overall leadership, the theater commands responsible for military operations, and the services focusing on developing their capabilities

例句：要适应改革后的新体制新职能，坚持军委管总、战区主战、军种主建总原则，找准各级各类党组织职能定位，优化组织设置，健全制度机制，改进领导方式，把组织功能充分发挥出来。 译文：The military must be adapted to its reformed institutions and functions, under a new structure with the CMC exercising overall leadership, the theater commands responsible for military operations, and the services focusing on developing their capabilities. Military Party organizations at all levels must identify their functions, improve their structure, institutions and mechanisms, and their way of exercising leadership, so as to fully perform their organizational functions. (from main points of the speech at a meeting of the Central Military Commission on strengthening the Party, August 17, 2018)

8.国防和军队现代化

modernization of our national defense and armed forces

例句：同国家现代化进程相一致，全面推进军事理论现代化、军队组织形态现代化、军事人员现代化、武器装备现代化，力争到二〇三五年基本实现国防和军队现代化，到本世纪中叶把人民军队全面建成世界一流军队。 译文：In step with our country’s modernization process, we will modernize our military across the board in terms of theory, organizational structure, service personnel, and weaponry. We will make it our mission to see that by 2035, the modernization of our national defense and armed forces is basically completed; and that by the mid-21st century our people’s armed forces have been fully transformed into world-class forces. (from the report to the 19th CPC National Congress, October 18, 2017)

9.国防和军队改革

reform of national defense and the military

例句：中国特色社会主义进入了新时代，国防和军队建设也进入了新时代，解决军事政策制度深层次矛盾和问题，全面释放深化国防和军队改革效能，开创强军事业新局面，掌握军事竞争和战争主动权，迫切需要适应形势任务发展要求，对军事政策制度进行系统、深入改革。 译文：Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, as has China’s endeavor to upgrade its national defense and military capabilities. So we need to conduct urgent, systematic and in-depth reform of the military policy framework to adapt to the changing conditions. We should resolve deep-seated problems in the military policy framework, enhance the performance of in-depth reform of national defense and the military, usher in a new stage in strengthening the armed forces, improve military competitiveness, and maintain a position of strength when it comes to fighting war. (from main points of the speech at a meeting of the Central Military Commission on reform of the military policy framework, November 13, 2018)

特色用语

1. 强军之道，要在得人。

Success in building a powerful military lies in capable military personnel.

语境：强军之道，要在得人。要把培养干部、培养人才摆在更加突出的位置，着力锻造忠诚干净担当的高素质干部队伍，着力集聚矢志强军打赢的各方面优秀人才。

译文：Success in building a powerful military lies in capable military personnel. We need to attach greater importance to the training of officers and professionals, with a focus on training competent officers who are loyal to our Party and our people, have moral integrity, and demonstrate a keen sense of responsibility, and on using outstanding professionals who are resolved to strengthen the military and win wars.

2. 我们的军队是人民军队，我们的国防是全民国防。

Our military is the people’s military, and our national defense is the responsibility of every one of us.

语境：我们的军队是人民军队，我们的国防是全民国防。我们要加强全民国防教育，巩固军政军民团结，为实现中国梦强军梦凝聚强大力量！

译文：Our military is the people’s military, and our national defense is the responsibility of every one of us. We must raise public awareness about the importance of national defense and strengthen unity between the government and the military and between the people and the military. Let us work together to create a mighty force for realizing the Chinese Dream and the dream of building a powerful military.