虚拟语气讲解

　　虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。英语中的语气分为非真实条件下的虚拟语气、从句中用过去时或过去完成时的虚拟语气、从句中用should加动词原形的虚拟语气。

　　第一大类：非真实条件下的虚拟语气

　　时间 从句 主句

　　与现在事实相反 did/ were should/could/would + do

　　与过去事实相反 had done should/could/would + have done

　　与将来事实相反 were to doshould do should/could/would + do

　　e.g. If I were you, I would be happy to do it.

　　If we had got the news, we could have prepared earlier.

　　If the job were to succeed, you should work harder.

　　第二大类：从句中用过去时或过去完成时的虚拟语气

　　1) would rather + 从句

　　2) wish + 从句

　　3) if only + 从句

　　4) as if/ as though + 从句

　　5) It’s time + 从句

　　e.g. I would rather you didn’t tell me the story now.

　　I would rather you had told me the story yesterday.

　　第三大类：从句中用should加动词原形的虚拟语气，其中should可省略。

　　1) suggest, propose, advise, move(动议), ask, order, require, request, desire, insist, prefer 等动词后接的宾语从句;

　　2) suggestion, proposal, advice, motion, order, requirement, request, desire, preference等名词后的同位语从句;

　　3) important, necessary, essential, imperative, desirable, advisable, preferable 等形容词用在it is … that…句型中;

　　4) lest, in case, for fear that 等引导的从句中。

　　e.g. It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.

　　It is my suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off.

　　It is necessary that the meeting (should) be put off.

　　He came to the office earlier lest he (should) miss the important meeting.