美国150多名专家签署联名信 要求重新实施封锁

美国的新冠疫情正持续恶化，而各州却已复工复产。为此，150多名来自多个领域的专家签署联名信，呼吁美国再次进入封锁状态。

People line up outside a Kentucky Career Center hoping to find assistance with their unemployment claim in Frankfort, Kentucky, US June 18, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]

More than 150 prominent US medical experts, scientists, teachers, nurses and others have signed a letter urging political leaders to shut down the country and start over to contain the surging coronavirus pandemic.

美国150多位著名医学专家、科学家、教师、护士等各界人士签署了一封联名信，敦促美国官员重新采取封锁措施，控制来势汹汹的疫情反弹。

"The best thing for the nation is not to reopen as quickly as possible, it's to save as many lives as possible," they wrote in the document, which was sent Thursday to the Trump administration, leading members of Congress and state governors.

这封信已于上周四 "Right now, we are on a path to lose more than 200,000 American lives by November 1st. Yet, in many states people can drink in bars, get a haircut, eat inside a restaurant, get a tattoo, get a massage, and do myriad other normal, pleasant, but non-essential activities."

“按照目前的形势发展下去，到11月1日，将有超过20万美国人死于新冠肺炎。然而，在许多州，人们可以在酒吧喝酒、理发、在餐馆用餐、纹身、按摩，以及做大量正常的、令人愉快但非必需的活动。”

myriad [ˈmɪriəd]：adj.无数的；种种的

uspirg.org网站截图 Their recommendations come as the United States crossed the 4 million mark on Thursday, with at least 4,028,741 cases of coronavirus and 144,072 deaths, according to Johns Hopkins University's count.

根据约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的数据，上周四，美国新冠肺炎确诊病例突破400万例，达到402万8741例，死亡病例达14万4072例。

Covid-19 "will end up as a Top 10 leading cause of death" this year, statisticians from US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention predicted in a Thursday email to CNN.

美国疾病控制和预防中心的统计学家在上周四发给美国有线电视资讯网的电子邮件中预测，新冠肺炎“将成为今年美国十大致死原因之一”。

Although the CDC cannot start ranking leading causes of deaths until the end of the year -- in order to get a full year's worth of data -- statisticians at the agency said they expect Covid-19 will end up among the Top 10 leading causes of death in the nation.

为了得到全年的数据，在今年年底前，美国疾病控制和预防中心无法对死亡主要原因进行排序，但该机构的统计学家说，他们预计新冠肺炎最终将成为今年美国十大致死原因之一。

Heart disease and cancer are the two leading causes of death in the US, accounting for more than half of all US deaths each year, and the statisticians don't expect that to change.

心脏病和癌症是导致美国人死亡的两大主要原因，每年占美国死亡人数的一半以上，统计学家预计这一情况不会改变。

A nurse wearing personal protective equipment watches an ambulance driving away outside of Elmhurst Hospital during the ongoing outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in the Queens borough of New York, US, April 20, 2020. [Photo/Agencies]

安全地重启经济活动

The recommendations come as many states are grappling with record numbers of new cases and overloaded hospitals, high unemployment rates and pressure to make decisions for the upcoming school year.

许多州正在努力应对创纪录的新病例、超负荷的医院、高失业率以及为即将到来的学年做出决定的压力。

The only way to reopen the economy and the country safely is to follow a set of protocols that public health experts deem necessary for controlling the spread of Covid-19, the letter contends.

信中称，安全地重启经济和重新开放国家的唯一途径是遵循一套公共卫生专家认为对控制新冠病毒传播必不可少的措施。

They include: enough daily testing to test everyone with flu-like symptoms, a work force of contact tracers large enough to track all current cases and more personal protective equipment to keep essential workers safe.

这些措施包括：每天对出现流感症状的所有人进行足够多的检测；配备大量的接触追踪工作人员，以追踪所有当前病例；以及配备更多的个人防护用品，以确保一线工作人员的安全。

In addition, they say all non-essential businesses should be closed and restaurants nationwide should only provide takeout service. People should only leave their homes to get food and medicine or fresh air and exercise, and masks should be mandatory in all situations, the letter urged. Leaders should also ban interstate travel to help contain the virus.

此外，他们还表示，应关闭所有非必需的商业场所，全国的餐馆应该只提供外卖服务。信中敦促，人们应该只在购买食物、药品、呼吸新鲜空气和锻炼时才出门，在任何情况下都必须佩戴口罩。官方也应该禁止跨州旅行，以帮助遏制病毒传播。

"If you don't take these actions, the consequences will be measured in widespread suffering and death," the letter warned.

信中警告说：“如果不采取这些行动，感染人数和死亡人数还将大量增加。”

"Our decision makers need to hit the reset button," said Matt Wellington, the public health campaigns director for the advocacy group US PIRG, which joined with health experts to draft the letter.

“我们的决策者需要按下重启按钮”，倡导组织美国PIRG的公共卫生活动主任马特·威灵顿说。他与健康专家一起起草了这封信。

"Continuing on the path we're on now will result in widespread suffering and death. And for what? Health experts laid out criteria for how to reopen safely. It's time to listen to them," Wellington said.

“继续我们现在的政策将使感染人数和死亡人数进一步增加。这又是为了什么？健康专家提出了安全重启的标准。是时候听听他们的意见了”，威灵顿说道。

潜在疾病增加重症风险

About 41% of US adults have at least one underlying medical condition that may put them at a higher risk for severe Covid-19 outcomes, according to a new CDC report published Thursday.

美国疾病控制和预防中心上周四发布的一份最新报告显示，约41%的美国成年人至少有一种潜在疾病，这些疾病可能会增加他们感染新冠肺炎后发展为重症的风险。

The research, published in the agency's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly report, looked at five conditions that tend to put people at greater risk for more severe disease from the coronavirus: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic kidney disease and obesity.

该研究发表在该机构的《发病率和死亡率周报》上，提出以下五种潜在疾病往往使人们更有可能在感染后发展为重症，包括慢性阻塞性肺病、心血管疾病、糖尿病、慢性肾脏疾病和肥胖。

It did not include other conditions, such as sickle cell disease or organ transplants.

该研究不包括其他疾病，如镰状细胞病或器官移植。

The numbers of adults with these conditions varied by county -- from almost 1 in 4 adults to as many as two-thirds of adults in a county. In half of US counties, almost 1 in 2 adults were estimated to have an underlying condition.

患有这些疾病的成年人的人数因县而异，从四分之一到三分之二不等。据估计，在美国一半的县，几乎半数成年人患有潜在疾病。

【全球疫情最新数据】

美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学7月27日发布的新冠疫情统计数据显示，全球累计死亡病例超过65万例。

数据显示，截至美国东部时间7月27日15时35分 数据显示，美国累计确诊病例和死亡病例均最多，分别为4271095例和147253例。累计死亡病例超过3万例的国家还有巴西、英国、墨西哥、意大利、印度和法国。