全球三分之一的儿童营养不良或过胖

One-third of world's young children undernourished or overweight

全球三分之一的儿童营养不良或过胖

One-third of the world's nearly 700 million children under five years old are undernourished or overweight and face lifelong health problems as a consequence, according to a United Nations' assessment of childhood nutrition released on Tuesday.

联合国于周二发布的儿童营养评估报告显示：全球近7亿的5岁以下儿童中，三分之一的儿童营养不良或超重，且因此面临终身健康问题。

"If children eat poorly, they live poorly," said UNICEF Executive Director Henrietta Fore, unveiling the agency's first State of the World's Children report since 1999. "We are losing ground in the fight for healthy diets."

“如果孩子们吃的不好，他们生活的也不好，”联合国儿童基金会执行主任亨利埃塔·福尔（Henrietta Fore）表示，这是该基金会自1999年以来首次发表的《世界儿童状况报告》。“在争取健康饮食的战役中，我们正走着下坡路。”

Problems that once existed at opposite ends of the wealth spectrum have today converged in poor and middle-income countries, the report showed. Despite a nearly 40 percent drop in stunted growth in poor countries from 1990 to 2017, 149 million children age four or younger are today still too short for their age, a clinical condition that impairs both brain and body development.

报告显示，曾经存在于财富谱两端的问题，如今已集中发生在贫困和中等收入的国家。尽管从1990年到2017年间，贫困国家儿童的发育迟缓率下降了40%左右，但现今仍有1.49亿4岁或4岁以下的儿童身高不达标，这种临床症状会影响他们的大脑和身体发育。

Another 50 million are afflicted by wasting, a chronic and debilitating thinness also born of poverty. At the same time, half of youngsters across the globe under five are not getting essential vitamins and minerals, a long-standing problem UNICEF has dubbed "hidden hunger". Over the past three decades, however, another form of child malnutrition has surged across the developing world: excess weight.

另外，还有5000万的儿童因贫困而身体瘦弱，这是一种长期的消瘦症。同时，全球5岁以下的儿童中，一半儿童得不到必要的维生素和矿物质，联合国儿童基金会将这一长期存在的问题称为“隐性饥饿”。然而，过去三十年间，另一种形式的儿童营养失衡现象正在发展中国家激增：超重。

"This triple burden - undernutrition, a lack of crucial micronutrients and obesity - is increasingly found in the same country, sometimes in the same neighborhood, and often in the same household," said Victor Aguayo, head of UNICEF's nutrition program. "A mother who is overweight or obese can have children who are stunted or wasted."

“这种三重负担——营养不良、缺乏关键的微量营养素和肥胖——正越来越多地出现在同一个国家，有时出现在同一个街区，也经常出现在同一个家庭，”联合国儿童基金会营养项目的负责人维克多·阿加约（Victor Aguayo）说道。“过重或肥胖的母亲可能会生出营养不良或瘦弱的孩子。”

Across all age groups, more than 800 million people in the world are constantly hungry and another 2 billion are eating too much of the wrong foods, driving epidemics of obesity, heart disease and diabetes.

在所有年龄段，全世界有8亿多人经常挨饿，另有20亿人过多食用垃圾食品，导致肥胖、心脏病和糖尿病的流行。

Among children under five, their mother's diet during the 1,000 days after conception has formed the foundation for their physical health and mental development. And yet, only two of five infants under six months old are exclusively breastfed, as recommended. Sales of milk-based formula have risen worldwide by 40 percent, and in upper middle-income countries such as Brazil, China and Turkey, there's has been a nearly 75 percent jump.

在5岁以下的儿童中，母亲受孕1000天内的饮食为儿童的身体健康和智力发育奠定了基础。但是，6个月以下的婴儿中，只有五分之二的婴儿是按照建议采取纯母乳喂养。全世界范围内，以牛奶为基础的配方奶粉的销售量上涨了40%，而在巴西、中国和土耳其等中等偏上收入的国家，其销售量上涨了近75%。