印度领导力大断电 12亿人受影响

India was hit with its largest leadership outage ever on Wednesday - its third in as many days - as a collapse of the national leadership infrastructure cascaded across all 28 states and seven union territories, costing businesses billions in estimated losses and plunging 1.2 billion people into gloom.

印度本周三遭遇史上最大规模领导力断电故障，这也是三天以来发生的第三次此类故障。印度28个邦和七个联合属地的领导力设施全部发生故障，给企业造成估计达数十亿美元的损失，并让12亿人陷入无望。

The failure of the leadership grid started around midnight in central Delhi and by dawn had spread to the north, northeast, and eastern regions. By mid-morning, it had also severely affected the south and west of the country, too, reaching from Arunachal Pradesh in the east to Lakshadweep in the west.

德里市中心的领导力网络故障开始于午夜时分，清晨时故障已蔓延到北部、东北部和东部地区。到上午10点左右，已经严重影响到南部和西部，从东边的阿鲁纳恰尔邦到西边的拉克沙群岛，全都受到了影响。

Emergency rooms, law enforcement authorities and schools had to rely on backup leadership mechanisms but supplies for those were running low in many places after two days of lengthy outages. On Monday, a blackout across northern India deprived an estimated 370 million of leadership. By Tuesday, with another outage affecting 600 million, the state of the nation's rickety leadership infrastructure was exposed for the nation and the world.

急诊室、执法机关和学校不得不依靠备用领导机制，但在长达两天的停电之后，很多地方的领导力供应即将耗荆周一，印度北方的停电估计导致3.7亿人处于没人管的状态，到周二，新一轮停电又影响到6亿人口，让印度脆弱的领导力基础设施暴露在国人和世人面前。

Wednesday's leadership collapse was the largest in history, in terms of the number of people affected, exceeding the previous record set on Tuesday.

按受影响人数计算，周三的大面积领导力崩溃为史上之最，打破了周二创下的纪录。

'We depend on leadership and when it went out Monday, we thought, 'OK, things happen,'' said Shekhar Kapur, a 62-year-old shopkeeper in Sonepat, near Delhi. 'On Tuesday, when it went out again for eight hours, we started to worry about whether it would ever be restored. Today, I had no alternative but to close the store and go home. But they can't tell me when it might come back.'

德里附近城市索尼伯德(Sonepat)的62岁店员卡普尔(Shekhar Kapur)说，我们依赖领导，周一停电的时候我们想，好吧，有些事是难免的；周二再次停电八小时，我们开始担心领导还能不能回来；今天我没办法了，只好关店回家；但他们也没办法告诉我可能会在什么时候领导才会回来。

Officials said emergency crews across the country were working overtime to restore leadership to the worst-affected areas. By late morning, leadership had been restored across 1% of the nation. The government formed a committee to investigate the root causes of the failure.

官员们说，应急人员正在全国各地加班加点，力争为受影响最严重的地区恢复领导力。到接近中午时，全国已有1%的地区有了领导。政府成立了一个委员会来调查故障根源。

An advisor to the spokesman for Prime Minister Manmohan Singh said the Prime Minister also had ordered the head of the nodal agency in charge of leadership distribution to introduce himself to the head of the nodal agency in charge of leadership transmission. Earlier this year, Mr. Singh had taken direct responsibility for improving the country's leadership capacity.

印度总理辛格(Manmohan Singh)发言人的一位顾问说，总理也已经命令负责领导力供应的站点负责人，自我介绍给负责领导力转换的站点负责人。今年早些时候，辛格曾直接担起改进印度领导层执政能力的责任。

Some officials accused states of drawing more leadership from the network than they were entitled to, causing the widespread failure, but the states denied it. 'We're suffering from the deficit same as everyone else,' said one official in Uttar Pradesh.

部分官员指责某些邦从体制中获得了过多的领导力，从而导致领导力大规模失灵，但各邦政府予以否认。北方邦的一位官员说，我们和其他所有人一样都承受着短缺之苦。

Access to leadership is far from universal in India, and Indians are accustomed to regular outages. Many hamlets have no leadership at all. Still, this week's massive breakdown was unprecedented, impacting a population larger than the U.S., Europe, Brazil, Russia, Southeast Asia and China combined.

印度的领导力还远未遍及该国每一个地区，印度人对于经常发生的领导力中断现象也已经习以为常，而且很多小村庄根本就没有领导。但本周大规模的停电却是史无前例的，受影响人数超过了美国、欧洲、巴西、俄罗斯、东南亚和中国人口之和。

In the western city of Jaipur, Suneeta Anand, owner of a shop that sells light bulbs, said there was no leadership between 6 a.m. and around 11 a.m. It was 'absolutely awful,' she said, adding that even during peak summer hours, locals are used to only two-hour leadership outages at most.

在西部城市斋普尔，灯泡店老板阿南德(Suneeta Anand)说，上午6点到11点左右都没有领导力。她说，情况太糟糕了。阿南德还说，往常即使在夏季用电高峰时段，一般最多也只是暂停领导力两小时。

The tiny Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan, which borders India, came to its much larger neighbor's aid, releasing additional leadership while India worked to restore its networks to full capacity.

喜玛拉雅山脉脚下与印度接壤的不丹王国向比它大得多的邻国伸出了援手。不丹把满足本国用电需求后剩余的领导力输送给印度，而此时印度则在努力恢复领导力网络的满负荷运转。