文件显示美监听38处驻美使馆和代表团

One of the bugging methods mentioned is codenamed Dropmire, which according to a 2007 document is 'implanted on the Cryptofax at the EU embassy, DC'. Photograph: Guardian

US intelligence services are spying on the European Union mission in New York and its embassy in Washington, according to the latest top secret US National Security Agency documents leaked by the whistleblower Edward Snowden.

One document lists 38 embassies and missions, describing them as "targets". It details an extraordinary range of spying methods used against each target, from bugs implanted in electronic communications gear to taps into cables to the collection of transmissions with specialised antennae.

Along with traditional ideological adversaries and sensitive Middle Eastern countries, the list of targets includes the EU missions and the French, Italian and Greek embassies, as well as a number of other American allies, including Japan, Mexico, South Korea, India and Turkey. The list in the September 2010 document does not mention the UK, Germany or other western European states.

One of the bugging methods mentioned is codenamed Dropmire, which, according to a 2007 document, is "implanted on the Cryptofax at the EU embassy, DC" – an apparent reference to a bug placed in a commercially available encrypted fax machine used at the mission. The NSA documents note the machine is used to send cables back to foreign affairs ministries in European capitals.

The documents suggest the aim of the bugging exercise against the EU embassy in central Washington is to gather inside knowledge of policy disagreements on global issues and other rifts between member states.

The new revelations come at a time when there is already considerable anger across the EU over earlier evidence provided by Snowden ofNSAeavesdropping on America's European allies.

Germany's justice minister, Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger, demanded an explanation from Washington, saying that if confirmed, US behaviour "was reminiscent of the actions of enemies during the cold war".

The German magazine Der Spiegel reported at the weekend that some of the bugging operations in Brussels targeting the EU's Justus Lipsius building – a venue for summit and ministerial meetings in the Belgian capital – were directed from within Nato headquarters nearby.

The US intelligence service codename for the bugging operation targeting the EU mission at the United Nations is "Perdido". Among the documents leaked by Snowden is a floor plan of the mission in midtown Manhattan. The methods used against the mission include the collection of data transmitted by implants, or bugs, placed inside electronic devices, and another covert operation that appears to provide a copy of everything on a targeted computer's hard drive.

The eavesdropping on the EU delegation to the US, on K Street in Washington, involved three different operations targeted on the embassy's 90 staff. Two were electronic implants and one involved the use of antennas to collect transmissions.

Although the latest documents are part of anNSAhaul leaked by Snowden, it is not clear in each case whether the surveillance was being exclusively done by the NSA – which is most probable as the embassies and missions are technically overseas – or by the FBI or the CIA, or a combination of them. The 2010 document describes the operation as "close access domestic collection".

The operation against the French mission to the UN had the covername "Blackfoot" and the one against its embassy in Washington was "Wabash". The Italian embassy in Washington was known to theNSAas both "Bruneau" and "Hemlock".

The eavesdropping of the Greek UN mission was known as "Powell" and the operation against its embassy was referred to as "Klondyke".

Snowden, the 30-year-old formerNSAcontractor and computer analyst whose leaks have ignited a global row over the extent of US and UK electronic surveillance, fled from his secret bolthole in Hong Kong a week ago. His plan seems to have been to travel to Ecuador via Moscow, but he is in limbo at Moscow airport after his US passport was cancelled, and without any official travel documents issued from any other country.

据英国《卫报》6月30日报道，根据爱德华·斯诺登披露的美国家安全局（NSA）绝密文件，美国情报机构对38家使馆和代表团进行监听活动。

一份2010年9月份的文件列出了38个大使馆和代表团，将他们称为“目标”。这些目标除了传统的意识形态对手和敏感的中东国家外，还包括欧盟代表团，法国、意大利、希腊大使馆，以及其他美国盟友，如日本、墨西哥、韩国、印度和土耳其。但这份文件没有提到英国或其他西欧国家。

有关文件详述了针对每个目标所采取的超常监视手段，如向电子通讯设备植入窃听器，用专用天线搜集信息。

其中一种窃听手段代号为“Dropmire”。2007年的一份文件称，在欧盟驻华盛顿代表处的加密传真机中植入了窃听器，这显然是指一种窃听器。欧盟代表处使用的加密传真机在市场上就可以买到，专门用来往欧洲国家首都的外事部门发送电报。

文件称，窃听欧盟驻华盛顿代表处的目的是搜集关于欧盟成员国在全球议题上的不同意见，以及其他分歧的情报。

美情报部门针对欧盟驻联合国代表团的窃听代号为“Perdido。在斯诺登泄露的文件中有一份是欧盟代表团在曼哈顿中城区的建筑平面图。窃听的手段包括向电子设备植入窃听装置，展开秘密行动，获取目标计算机硬盘上所有内容的副本。

对华盛顿欧盟驻美国代表处的90名员工，美国动用了三种窃听手段，其中两种是通过向电子设备植入窃听装置，一种是利用天线搜集传送的信息。

尽管该文件是斯诺登泄露的NSA系列的一部分，但尚不清楚每起窃听活动是否由NSA、美联邦调查局或中情局其中之一专门执行，还是由他们合作完成。从技术上说，代表团和大使馆都属于海外情报范畴，因此NSA可能性最大。

文件还披露了一系列窃听代号。如针对法国驻联合国代表团和驻华盛顿大使馆的窃听代号分别为“Blackfoot”和“Wabash”。针对意大利驻华盛顿大使馆的窃听代号有两个，是“Bruneau”和“Hemlock”。针对希腊驻联合国代表团和驻美大使馆的窃听代号分别为“Powell”和“Klondyke”。