开罗解放广场爆发反总统示威

Tens of thousands of Egyptians descended on central Cairo to challenge new claims to power by President Mohammed Morsi and his Islamist allies, forcing the new leader to manage popular discontent that echoed the protests against the strongman who preceded him.

成千上万名埃及人蜂拥至开罗市中心，抗议埃及总统穆尔西(Mohammed Morsi)及其伊斯兰盟友新的扩权努力，强烈要求这位新任总统努力化解民怨。此次抗议与之前埃及人不满穆尔西铁腕前任的抗议如出一辙。

Activists on Tuesday pitched dozens of tents in Tahrir Square, the epicenter of the revolution that toppled President Hosni Mubarak nearly two years ago, and said they would stay in place until Mr. Morsi rescinds a controversial decree issued last week.

活动人士周二在开罗解放广场(Tahrir Square)上搭起了数十顶帐篷，并且说在穆尔西撤销其上周颁布的争议性法令之前，他们绝不离开。解放广场是埃及近两年前推翻前总统穆巴拉克(Hosni Mubarak)那场革命的策源地。

Mr. Morsi said Thursday that his decisions as president would be immune from judicial review, in a decree that would prevent judges from dissolving the committee -- dominated by Islamist politicians from the powerful Muslim Brotherhood Mr. Morsi once led -- that is responsible for drafting a new Egyptian constitution.

穆尔西上周四颁布法令说，总统的决定将免受司法审查，这样法官就不能解散负责起草埃及新宪法的委员会。该委员会现由穆斯林兄弟会(Muslim Brotherhood)这一强大组织中的伊斯兰政客所主导，穆尔西曾是穆斯林兄弟会的领袖。

In awarding himself expansive powers, Mr. Morsi provoked a popular backlash against him and other Islamists in the government. Similar protests broke out when the military council that ruled after Mr. Mubarak's ouster moved to take greater control of government just before presidential polls.

穆尔西授予了自己广泛的权力，此举导致埃及民众对他和埃及政府中的其他伊斯兰主义者大为反感。在埃及总统大选前夕，穆巴拉克下台后一度统治该国的埃及军事委员会曾采取行动加大自己对政府的控制，当时埃及国内因此爆发了类似抗议。

Many critics said they believed the main goal of Mr. Morsi's latest decree was to enable an Islamist-dominated Constituent Assembly, the panel now drafting a new constitution, to push through a charter without opposition from the judiciary -- the one arm of government in a position to do so.

很多批评人士说，他们认为穆尔西颁布这道法令的主要目的是让主要由伊斯兰教徒组成的制宪会议能在不受司法系统反对的情况下按自己的意愿推出一部宪章。司法系统属政府部门，目前有权这么做。

More than 20 liberal-leaning constitution drafters, angered by what they said was the Islamist majority's imperious approach, have withdrawn from the Constituent Assembly in the past two weeks.

20多名自由派宪法起草者被他们所说的伊斯兰多数派的专横做法所激怒，已在过去两周离开了制宪会议。

Mr. Morsi and the Brotherhood contend that the decree was aimed at cleansing Egypt's judiciary from ex-regime judges intent on reversing the country's revolutionary gains.

穆尔西与穆斯林兄弟会坚持认为，穆尔西上周四颁布的法令意在清除埃及司法系统内那些一心推翻革命成果、曾为前政权效力的法官们。

For many in Egypt, the moves appeared to augur a return to decades of autocracy. Egyptian commentators immediately drew parallels to Gamal Abdel Nasser's 1969 'massacre of the judges,' when the former Egyptian president invoked revolutionary change to sideline ex-regime justices.

对于很多埃及民众来说，穆尔西的做法似乎预示着埃及将重返曾统治其数十年之久的独裁政治。很快，就有埃及评论人士拿这些做法与埃及前总统纳赛尔(Gamal Abdel Nasser)1969年发动的“法官大屠杀进行了对比。纳赛尔当时以国家出现了革命性变化为由将前政权的法官门排挤到了一边。

'The protest means we don't want to create another Mubarak,' said Nigad al-Boraei, a prominent human-rights lawyer. 'The only way is to show that we are very angry and to let this president and any other president know that we won't do whatever they want to do.'

知名的人权律师Nigad al-Boraei说，此次抗议意味着我们不想让埃及产生另一个穆巴拉克，而实现目的的唯一办法就是表现出我们的极度愤怒，让穆尔西及任何一任总统知道，我们不会让他们任意妄为。