苹果、谷歌等一流企业不再需要大学文凭做敲门砖

在名校学历满天飞的现代社会，纵使有名牌大学学位也不一定能被顶尖公司录用，然而近年来，一些全球知名公司却大胆弃用大学文凭这一录用条件，其中就包括苹果、IBM、谷歌等薪水最高的一流企业。

Recently, the job review site Glassdoor compiled a list of 15 different companies that don’t require job applicants to have college degrees. The list includes high-paying tech outlets like Apple, Google, and IBM, in addition to service-oriented companies like Costco, Starbucks, and Chipotle.

最近，求职网站Glassdoor罗列了15家招聘时不要求有大学文凭的公司，其中就包括苹果、谷歌和IBM等高薪科技公司，还有好市多、星巴克和Chipotle等服务型企业。

Abandoning the four-year degree as a qualification might feel like a dramatic break from hiring orthodoxy. But in some ways, it’s more surprising that so many companies still insist upon a degree in the first place.

弃用大学文凭这一录用条件，也许大大违背了正统的招聘之道。不过，从别的角度来看，更令人吃惊的是，竟然还有这么多公司仍坚持在招聘的时候要求有大学文凭。

"Academic qualifications will still be taken into account and indeed remain an important consideration when assessing candidates as a whole, but will no longer act as a barrier to getting a foot in the door,” Maggie Stilwell, Ernst and Young’s managing partner for talent, told the Huffington Post when that company dropped the requirement.

在安永会计师事务所弃用大学文凭这一录用条件后，该事务所的人才招聘管理合伙人玛吉·史迪威尔告诉《赫芬顿邮报》说：“公司在招聘时仍会考虑学历，在对应聘者进行总体评估时，学历仍然是重要的考量因素，但不再是招录的一道门槛。”

In other words: Companies will hire the candidates whose experience and skills best suit them for the job. Many of those successful applicants will have university degrees. Some of them will not.

换言之，公司将招聘经验和能力最适合某个职位的人。未来，被录用的应聘者中很多都会有大学学位，有些则没有。

Google acknowledged several years ago that college transcripts and test scores are worthless predictors of later job performance. (The only exceptions were very recent graduates, and even then the correlation was weak.) At IBM, where roughly 15% of new hires in the US don’t have college degrees, CEO Ginni Rometty has said that vocational courses and on-the-job experience offer more relevant training for many tech sector positions than a four-year college degree.

几年前，谷歌公司曾坦言，大学成绩单和考试成绩并不能用来预测日后的工作表现。（只有刚毕业的大学生例外，但即使是这些人，大学成绩和工作表现之间也没有太多关联。）IBM公司美国总部新招聘的人约有15%没有大学学位，首席执行官金尼·罗梅蒂表示，对于许多技术岗位而言，专业培训课程和在职经历比四年的大学学历更有用。

It’s not that college degrees are useless. For many people, university is the place where they acquire skills employers value. But automatically discounting people who earn that same knowledge through a different path can be counterproductive.

这并不意味着大学学位就没有用。对许多人而言，大学里可以获得雇主看重的技能。但自动筛除那些通过另一种途径获得相同知识的人，却会产生反效果。

Which hypothetical resume offers a more convincing case for a candidate’s work ethic or motivation: one from a recent college graduate who majored in computer science, or that of a self-taught coder who acquired those same skills while also managing full-time employment? What a person knows is more important than how they learned it.

哪一种简历更能证明应聘者的职业道德或工作积极性？是刚毕业的计算机科学专业大学生，还是自学成才并有全职工作经验的码农？一个人真正获得的知识积累比获得知识的途径更重要。