晚上睡不好或导致抑郁

Missing out on a good night's sleep can leave you more likely to become depressed or suffer from bipolar disorder, research has found. The largest study of its kind put movement monitors on 91,000 people to track activity levels and survey levels of happiness.

研究已发现：晚上睡不好可能让你更容易抑郁或更易患双相障碍。作为该类研究中规模最大的研究，本研究对91000位受试者进行了运动监测，追踪他们的活动水平并研究他们的幸福感程度。

The findings, published in the journal Lancet Psychiatry, show being too active at night and inactive in the day was linked to lower mood. Depression and bipolar disorder were more likely over a lifetime. Sleep patterns associated with shift workers and university students were linked with mood instability, unhappiness and loneliness.

研究发表在《柳叶刀精神病学》期刊上，结果表明：夜间过于活跃和白天不活动与情绪低落相关；一生中患抑郁症和双相障碍的可能性更高。轮班工作者和大学生的睡眠模式与情绪不稳定、不幸福和孤独感相关。

Scientists believe this is linked to a disruption of our natural body clock, called the circadian rhythm. Dr Laura Lyall from the University of Glasgow, said: "Our findings indicate an association between altered daily circadian rhythms and mood disorders and wellbeing.

科学家认为这与我们的生物钟被打乱相关，也就是昼夜节律。格拉斯哥大学的劳拉·莱尔博士说道："我们的研究结果表明：改变的每日昼夜节律与心境障碍及幸福感之间存在关联。"

"However, these are observational associations and cannot tell us whether mood disorders and reduced wellbeing cause disturbed rest-activity patterns, or whether disturbed circadian rhythmicity makes people vulnerable to mood disorders and poorer wellbeing." The circadian rhythm of all animals affect bodily functions from temperature regulation to eating habits.

"然而，这些都是观察性的关联，无法告诉我们心境障碍和幸福感水平下降是否会导致紊乱的休息-活动模式，也无法告诉我们紊乱的昼夜节律是否会让人们易患心境障碍和幸福感较弱。"所有动物的昼夜节律都会影响他们的身体机能，包括温度调节、饮食习惯等。

Previous research has shown disrupting this body clock has been linked to higher chance of diseases of the brain and pancreas. Other small studies have suggested a link between sleep patterns and mental health.

先前的研究已表明：生物钟被打乱与大脑和胰腺疾病的患病风险更高相关。其它小型研究已表明：睡眠模式和心理健康之间存在关联。

The movement of 91,105 participants aged 37 to 73 from the UK Biobank register was measured for seven days each between 2013 and 2017. Mental health questionnaires were then used to assess symptoms of mental disorders. Researchers used computer modelling to try to discount other factors such as age, sex, weight and childhood trauma.

2013至2017年间，研究员每隔7天对91105位受试者的运动测量一次，他们在英国Biobank登记、年龄层为37至73岁。之后让他们填写心理健康问卷以评估他们的心境障碍症状。研究员利用计算机建模、试图消除其它因素的影响，比如年龄、性别、体重和童年创伤。

Dr Lyall measuring sleep patterns could be a way for the NHS to target those at risk of developing mental illnesses. She added: "It will be useful for future studies to track participants' rest-activity patterns over time to see whether disturbed rhythms can predict whether someone is more likely to go on to develop a mood disorder."

莱尔博士估量睡眠模式可能是英国国民健康体系找出可能患精神疾病风险人群的方式。她补充表示："对于随着时间的推移追踪受试者休息-活动模式以观察紊乱的昼夜节律是否能预测某人更有可能继续发展心境障碍的后期研究而言，本研究将提供帮助。"