世界首例 法国男子“二度换脸”

A French man is recovering in a Paris hospital after becoming the first person in the world to undergo two face transplants.

法国一位男子成为全球第一位接受了两次脸部移植手术的人。目前他正在巴黎一家医院进行康复治疗。

Hamon suffers from neurofibromatosis type 1, a genetic mutation which causes severely disfiguring tumours and related complications.

哈蒙患有1型神经纤维瘤病，这种基因突变导致其脸部畸形并引起并发症。

Hamon underwent his first transplant in 2010, but his body eventually rejected his new face which had to be removed.

哈蒙在2010年接受了首次脸部移植手术，但他的身体最终与新的脸庞产生了排斥反应，不得不移除。

He is now in a Paris hospital, three months after undergoing an uNPRecedented second transplant carried out by Laurent Lantieri, the same professor of plastic surgery who carried out the first procedure.

目前他在巴黎的一家医院。三个月之前，整形外科教授劳伦特·兰蒂耶里医生为他进行了史无前例的第二次脸部移植手术。首次移植手术也是由兰蒂耶里操刀。

Hamon’s new face remains smooth and motionless, with his skull, skin and features yet to be fully aligned – a gradual process reliant on immunosuppressant drugs which, it is hoped, will prevent his body from rejecting the transplanted material.

他的新脸表皮仍很光滑，没有表情，整个脸形尚未与他的头骨轮廓贴合。这是一个逐步进展的过程，医生希望免疫抑制剂能阻止其身体产生排斥反应。

“I feel very well in myself,” Hamon, 43, told reporters. “I can’t wait to get rid of all this,” he said.

43岁的哈蒙告诉记者说：“我感觉非常好。我等不及摆脱这些了。”

His first face transplant in 2010 was a success. But that same year – in order to treat a common cold – he was given an antibiotic incompatible with his immunosuppressive treatment.

他在2010年接受的首次移植很成功，但就在当年，为了治疗一次普通感冒，他接受了抗生素治疗，这种药与其免疫抑制剂相克。

In 2016 he began to display signs of transplant rejection, and his new face began to die, leading Lantieri to remove it.

2016年，他出现移植排斥反应，脸部开始损坏，兰蒂耶里医生必须将其移除。

That left Hamon without a face, a condition that Lantieri described as “the walking dead”. Hamon had no eyelids, no ears, no skin and could not speak or eat. He had limited hearing and could express himself only by turning his head slightly, in addition to writing a little.

这使得哈蒙的脸庞被移除，兰蒂耶里形容这种状况为“行尸走肉”。哈蒙失去了眼睑、耳朵、皮肤，无法开口说话和进食。他听不太清楚，只能通过轻微转动头部来表达想法，还可以稍微写几个字。

Hamon remained in hospital without a face for two months, while a compatible donor was sought.

哈蒙脸部移除后在医院里住了两个月，这期间一直在寻找合适的捐赠者。

Eventually, a second face donor became available, and Lantieri and his team performed a second transplant in January.

最终他等来了第二位捐赠者。兰蒂耶里和团队今年一月为他进行了第二次脸部移植手术。

Before undergoing the second transplant, doctors had to replace all of the blood in his body in a month-long procedure, to eliminate some potentially problematic antibodies from previous treatments.

在接受第二次移植前，医生需要在一个月内把他体内的血液全部更换一遍，以清除第一次移植后留在其体内的可能有问题的抗体。

“For a man who went through all this, which is like going through a nuclear war, he’s doing fine,” Lantieri said. He added that Hamon is now being monitored like any other face transplant patient.

兰蒂耶里说：“经历所有这些就像是熬过一次核战争，他做得非常好。”他补充说，哈蒙正在像其他脸部移植患者一样接受监测。

Hamon’s first face was donated by a 60-year-old. With his second transplanted face, Hamon said he managed to drop a few decades.

哈蒙第一次脸部移植的捐赠者是一位60岁的老人。而在接受了第二次移植手术后，哈蒙说他成功减龄了几十岁。

“I’m 43. The donor was 22. So I’ve become 20 years younger,” Hamon joked on French television on Tuesday.

哈蒙周二在接受法国电视台采访时开玩笑说：“我43岁，捐赠者22岁，所以我又年轻了20岁。”

Despite all the anxiety and suffering, Hamon said he was a happy man again.

尽管有焦虑也有痛苦，哈蒙说他现在很快乐。

“The first transplant I accepted immediately. I thought ‘this is my new face’ and this time it’s the same,” he told AFP.

他在接受法新社采访时说：“第一次移植手术的时候，我当时立刻就接受了。我想‘这是我新的脸庞’，这次也一样。”

“If I hadn’t accepted this new face it would have been terrible. It’s a question of identity … But here we are, it’s good, it’s me.”

“如果我没有接受这张新的脸庞，情况会一直很糟糕。这是身份问题……但你看，现在我很好，这就是我。”

There have now been about 40 face transplants throughout the world since the first partial transplant was performed on Isabelle Dinoire in 2005. Her nose, lips, chin and parts of her cheeks had been removed after she was bitten by her dog.

目前全球已有大约40人接受人脸移植。2005年伊莎贝尔·迪诺瓦尔接受首例人脸局部移植手术，她被自己的狗咬伤后，鼻子、嘴唇、下巴和部分脸颊接受了移植。