中央文献重要术语权威英译-法治篇

党的十八届四中全会通过的《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》，是我们党第一个系统阐述依法治国重大理念和举措的纲领性文件，对于国际社会全面了解中国特色社会主义民主法治建设之路具有重要意义。

全会文件内容丰富、政治性强、专业性强，涉及大量法律术语和中国特色表述。本期发布的22条术语来自十八届四中全会两个重要文件：《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》和习近平总书记《关于的说明》。

在选择术语时，我们紧扣全面推进依法治国这一主题，挑选了反映中国共产党和中国政府依法治国理念和举措的术语，既有宏观性概念，比如“社会主义法治国家”；也有具体施政策略的表述，比如“法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设”；也有专业性概念，比如“人民陪审员制度”。

社会主义法治国家

socialist rule of law country;

socialist country built on the rule of law

建设法治中国

build a rule of law China

依法治国

law-based governance of the country

依法执政

law-based exercise of state power

依法行政

law-based administration of government

依宪治国

governance of the country on the basis of its constitution

宪法日

Constitution Day

法律是治国之重器，良法是善治之前提

The law is of great value in the governance of a country, and good laws are a prerequisite for good governance.

法治体系

rule of law system

于法有据

have a legal basis

【例】重大改革于法有据

All of our major reforms should have a legal basis.

法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设

a holistic approach to strengthening the rule of law in the country, in its government, and in society

有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究

ensure that laws are put in place, observed, and strictly enforced and that anyone who violates the law is held to account

科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法

take a well-conceived approach to law-making, and ensure that law is strictly enforced, justice is administered impartially, and the law is observed by all

职能科学、权责法定、执法严明、公开公正、廉洁高效、守法诚信的法治政府

a rule of law government which has well-conceived functions and statutorily defined powers and responsibilities; which strictly enforces the law and is impartial; and which operates in an open, clean, and efficient way, with strong credibility

执法责任制

accountability system for law enforcement

人民陪审员制度

system of people’s assessors

重大决策终身责任追究制度

system of lifelong accountability for major decisions

重大决策责任倒查机制

mechanism for retroactive investigation into accountability for major decisions

政府权力清单

list of government powers

依法治国和以德治国相结合

combine the rule of law with the rule of virtue

天下之事，不难于立法，而难于法之必行

In the governance of a country, it is the enforcement, not the enactment, of law that presents the greatest challenge.

法立，有犯而必施；令出，唯行而不返

Once enacted, a law must be enforced and anyone who violates it must be held to account.