Unit3 The world of colours and light Module8
热
点
单 词
1. sculpt v. 雕刻,雕塑 → sculpture n. 雕塑,雕刻品 → sculptor n. 雕刻家
2. calculate v. 计算,估计 → calculation n. 计算(的结果),估计 → calculator n. 计算器
3. adore v. 爱慕,崇拜 → adoration n. 爱慕,受崇拜的对象 → adorable adj. 值得崇拜的
4. experiment n.实验 → experiment v. 做试验 → experimental adj. 实验性的,试验性的
5. disgust n. 反感,厌恶 →disgust v. 使反感 → disgusting adj. 令人作呕的
6. repeat v. 重说,复述 →
repetition n. 重复,复制品 → repetitive adj.重复的,啰嗦的
1. The abandoned boy abandoned all hope of seeing his brother again.
abandoned 那个被遗弃的男孩放弃了再次见到哥哥的全部希望。
2.Distributors are distributing leaflets to the passersby outside the store.
Distributors 销售人员正在向商店外的路人分发传单。
3.The government decides to negotiate with terrorists. Through negotiation , it is expected to reach a compromise.
negotiation 政府决定和恐怖分子谈判,通过谈判有望达成和解。
4.Many graduates from famous universities can't find jobs after graduation.
graduation 很多名校的大学毕业生毕业后找不到工作。
5. I am disgusted to find that there are no seats available; I think that's disgusting.
disgusting 我感到很愤怒,就没座位了,这也太离谱了。
根据中文填单词完成句子,每空一词(记忆时,用下列横线上的新单词造句记忆)
1.达·芬奇不仅是欧洲最早的抽象派画家之一,他还是雕塑家,建筑学家和工程师。
Leonardo da Vinci was not only one of the earliest European abstractionist, but also a sculptor, an architect , and an engineer.
2.文森特·凡·高是世界上最著名的艺术画家之一,他在艺术历史上产生过很深的影响并受到现代印象派画家的崇拜。
Vincent van Gogh was one of the most famous artistic artists in the world. He had a deep influence on art history and is adored by modern impressionist painters.
根据中文写出英文短语
1. 预定,预约
make a reservation
2. 由……制成,用……制成 be made out of
3. 喜爱,渴望
have an appetite for
4. 过安宁的生活
live a peaceful life
5. 从……到……
range from…to…
6. 与……谈判
negotiate with
7. 获准进入,被……录取
be admitted to
8. 从头开始,白手起家
start from scratch
9. 在……的帮助下
with the assistance of
10. 占了真正的便宜
get a real bargain
11. 裁剪出
cut out
12. 油画
oil painting
13. 试一试
have a go
14. 被粘到……上
be stuck onto
15. 浸入,浏览
dip into
1.so + adj. / adv. +that从句 如此……以至于……
2.介词短语+ be + 主语(全部倒装句型)
3.Hardly…when…一……就……(部分倒装句型)
4.Had sb. done…, sb. would have done…如果某人……的话,某人将会……
选用下列短语的适当形式填空
compare with; devote…to…; range from…to…; take up; be admitted to; stick to; have an appetite for
1.If you have an appetite for knowledge, you won't think study is dull.
2.The teacher took up the lesson where she left off yesterday.
3.Exercises range from using free weights, cables, machines, exercise balls to even no equipment!
4.It is incomprehensible that they were admitted to the program.
5.We don't want to hear your opinions;stick to the facts!
1、calculate
vt. 计算;估计,推算,推测
be calculated to do / for sth. 旨在,打算做某事
It is calculated that… 据计算……
calculate on / upon = depend / rely on 指望, 期待
①It_is_calculated_that at least 47,000 jobs were lost last year.
据计算,去年至少丧失了47000个工作岗位。
②This advertisement is calculated to attract the attention of housewives.
这个广告是为引起家庭主妇们的注意而设计的。
③We can't calculate_on having fine weather for the sports meeting.
我们不指望有好天气开运动会。
④我们能指望他们的帮助吗?
Can we calculate on their help?
2、negotiate
vi. & vt. 谈判;协商;商谈;达成协议(常与with连用)
negotiate with sb. about sth. 就某事同某人谈判
①The government will_not_negotiate_with_them.
政府不会和他们谈判。
negotiation n. 谈判;协商;商谈
②The issue is still under_negotiation.这个问题还在商讨之中。
be in / carry on negotiation with sb. 与某人进行谈判
③让我们来议一下价吧。Let's negotiate the price.
3、 adore
vt. 崇拜;喜爱;爱慕
adore / like / love / fancy / appreciate / enjoy / feel like doing sth. 喜爱做某事
①She adores_seeing the volleyball match very much.
她非常喜欢看排球比赛。
②Tom adores ____ classic novels and dreams ____ a writer.
A. reading; being
B. to read; of being
C. reading; of being
D. to read; reading
C
dream of doing sth. 梦想做某事。
4 、 bargain
n. 廉价货; 交易,协议
①This jacket is a real bargain at such a low price.
这件夹克衫这么便宜,真划得来。
make a bargain with sb. (与某人)订立协议
②He made a bargain with his wife “You take care of the children and I'll cook.”
他跟妻子讲条件, “你看好孩子, 我做饭。”
③你讲讲价,他们可能会把价钱降低。
If you bargain with them, they might reduce the price.
vi. 讲价;谈条件
bargain with sb. for / over / about sth. 就某事与某人讲价
5 、talented
adj. 有才华的,有才能的
①He is a talented composer and musician.
他是一位天才的作曲家和音乐家。
②The ballet school offers free places to children who are exceptionally talented.
该芭蕾舞蹈学校给有特殊天赋的儿童提供免费学习的场所。
talent
n. [U] 才能,才干;天才
talentless
adj. 无才能的,平庸的
gifted
adj. 有天赋的
be gifted at/ in sth. 在某方面有天赋
have a talent / gift for sth. 有……方面的天赋
ability “”。指个人表现出来的实际能力,既可以是天赋的,也可以是后天培养而获得的本领。
talent “能力,才干”。主要指与生俱来的超群显著的内在能力,如在艺术上等方面的特殊才能,后常接for 短语。
③We found him work more suited to his_abilities.
我们为他找到了更容易发挥他才能的工作。
④He is a man of great musical ability.
他是个有卓越音乐才华的人。
⑤She showed considerable talent for getting what she wanted.
她很有天资,能够心想事成。
⑥Porter has a(n) ____ for making a difficult subject become understandable and interesting.
A. knowledge
B. ability
C. talent
D. skill
C 句意:波特有一种能使深奥难懂的东西变得易懂和有趣的天赋。have a talent for固定词组,表示“有……才能”。
6 、 range
vi. 变动,变化 vt. 排列,将……排成行
range from…to 从……到……变化
①The prices of the dolls range_from $5 to $100.
那些布娃娃的价格从5美元到100美元不等。
②She ranged the books on the shelves.
她把书架上的书排列好了。
[C] & [U] 列,排;范围,区域
③There is a_range_of_mountains in my hometown.
我家乡有连绵不断的山脉。
④This gun has_a_range_of_300_meters.
这支枪的射程是300米。
with / in the range of 在……范围内
a range of 一系列
in range with 和……排列
out of one’s range 某人所不能及的
with / in one’s range 在某人的能力范围内
beyond one’s range 超出某人的范围
at a(n)+ adj. +range of 在……范围内
range over 漫游;涉及,包括;扫视
range between…and…在……和……之间变化
range + 介词(on / in / along / through / with…)
按……排列
⑤It is estimated that the cost ranges_between $1 million and $5 million.
估计损失在100万美元到500万美元之间。
⑥ — Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree?
— No, it’s out of ____ .
A. range
B. reach
C. control
D. distance
A 根据问句句意“你能射到树顶上那只鸟吗?”和答语“不能”,out of reach(够不着);out of control(失控);out of distance(超出距离)都不符合题意,out of range(超出射程范围),故答案选A。
⑦ The frontier ____ from the northern hills to the southern coast.
A. arranges
B. ranges
C. varieties
D. limits
B 题意:边境线从北部山地一直延伸到南部海岸。range from…to…“在……和……之间变化”。arrange “安排”;variety为名词,“多样化”;limit“限制”,与句意不符。
⑧ The cards ____ alphabetical order.
A. range in
B. were ranged at
C. were ranged in
D. range of
C 此题应用被动语态,而且与order搭配的介词为in, 表示“以……的顺序”。
⑨这些孩子们的年龄在8岁到15岁之间。
The children's ages range from 8 to 15.
Unit3 The world of colours and light
Module8
7 、 distribute
vt. 传播,散布,发行
distribute sth. among sb. 在……中分配
distribute sth. to sb. 把……分给某人
①These books were_distributed_among_schools in the area.
这批书是在本地区的学校中分配的。
②The demonstrators distributed leaflets to passersby.
示威者向行人分发传单。
distribution
n. 分配,分布,分发
distributive
adj. 分配的,分布的,分发的
distributor
n. 分配者,分布者,分发者
distribute
divide 指把整体分成若干部分。
③The books in the library were distributed according to subjects.
图书馆里的藏书按科目分类。
④The mother distributed candies among children.
母亲给孩子们发糖果。
⑤The teacher divided_the_class and took one section to the library and left the other to write an article.
老师把该班分开,把一组人领去图书馆,留下其余的人写作文。
⑥I think we should ____ the cost equally among us. What do you think?
A. divide
B. distribute
C. separate
D. expand
A divide分开(把整体分成若干份),常与into连用;distribute分布,分配;separate 把……与……分开,常与from连用;expand扩大,扩展。
8 、 appetite
n.爱好;欲望;食欲;胃口
①Exercise gave us a_good_appetite.
运动使我们胃口大增。
【注意】appetite 表示“食欲;爱好;欣赏”的时候,相当于taste。
②She shows a good_appetite_/taste_in_music.
她对音乐的鉴赏力很高。
当appetite表示“欲望;渴望”时,相当于desire。
③I have_no_appetite_/desire_to discuss the matter further.
我不想再谈此事。
have an appetite for sth. 爱好……
to sb.’s appetite 合某人的口味(心意)
lose one’s appetite 食欲不振
have a good / poor appetite 胃口好/ 不好
spoil/ ruin /take away one’s appetite 影响食欲
④He has an appetite for traveling.
他非常喜欢旅游。
9 、abandon
vt. 完全放弃;离弃;抛弃 n. 放任,狂热
①The sailors abandoned the burning ship.
航员们放弃了那艘着火的船。
②The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms with abandon.
那些女孩子跳上跳下尽情地挥舞着手臂。
abandoned adj. 堕落的,放纵的;被遗弃的
abandonment
n. 放弃
abandoner
n. 放弃者;【律】遗弃者
abandon oneself to
沉湎于;纵情于
以下动词或短语的一般含义是“丢弃”,区别如下:
abandon“放弃”某物而不准备再要了。强调“完全、永远地遗弃”,尤其是指遗弃以前感兴趣或负有责任的人或物。
desert的含义是“过去占有过”或“过去是伙伴”。狭义地讲,这个词指“抛弃自己的义务”,强调“违背誓言、命令、责任、义务等”。
forsake通常表示与某人或某物脱离联系,指“遗弃某人以前所爱的人或物”,强调“断绝情感上的依恋”。
quit 强调“突然或不愿意地弃去”,常指“停止”。
give up强调指“没有希望或因外界压力而放弃”。
③The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy.
那个士兵叛国助敌。
④She quitted her job.
她放弃了自己的工作。
⑤She pleaded with her husband not to forsake her.
她恳求丈夫不要抛弃她。
⑥We had given_the_dog_up at last.
最后我们当那只狗已经走失了,而不再存有希望。
⑦She abandoned her child.
她遗弃了她的孩子。
⑧His sister ____ her husband and three children and went to live in Holland.
A. gave up
B. quitted
C. stopped
D. abandoned
D 句意:他姐姐抛弃她丈夫和3个孩子去荷兰定居。abandon表示“完全、永远地抛弃”。
1、cut up 切碎;使受苦
①His mother has to cut_up_all_the_food for him.
他的妈妈不得不为他将所有的食物切碎。
②Jean was_really_cut_up when her husband left her.在丈夫抛弃她之后,简痛苦极了。
cut in
插嘴,插队
cut into
侵犯
cut off
切断,使隔绝
cut out
裁剪出;截短;停止
cut down
砍倒;缩短
cut back
截短
cut away
砍掉
③The secretary ____ to tell Mr Brown that he was wanted on the phone.
A. cut in
B. cut off
C. cut out
D. cut away
A cut in 插嘴,打断;超车抢道,切入(加载,连接,时差),这里表示“插嘴,打断”;cut off 切断,阻碍;使分离,使隔绝; cut away 切掉,跑开;cut out 删去,切掉;戒除,停止。
2、make sth. out of sth. 用某材料做成某物
be made (out) of / make sth. out of 由……制成
make sth. out of…与 make sth. of…的意思相同。make sth. out of 常用于口语。
①The box is made out of cedarwood.
这盒子是用杉木做的。
②They make_bottles_out_of_glass.
他们用玻璃做瓶子。
make sth. out
开具,填写(表格或文件)
make out that
从句/wh-主张,声张/分清
make off
迅速逃离,匆忙离开
make up for sth.
弥补
make ends meet
使收支平衡
make excuses
制造借口
make a fool of sb. 愚弄某人
make fun of
嘲弄;拿……开玩笑
③ This year’s good harvest will ____ last year’s bad one.
A. make into
B. make up for
C. make it
D. make out for
B make up for 弥补。
④ He made himself ____ be a millionaire.
A. out to
B. up for
C. to
D. out for
A make sb. out to be sth. 把某人说成……
1、This painting is so valuable that it is difficult to calculate what its price would be if the museum wanted to sell it.
这幅画如此珍贵,如果博物馆想卖了它,都难为它估价。
此句中含有句型:subject (主语)+ be +so + adj. / adv. +that。so + adj. / adv. +that从句结构,表示“如此……以至于……”。so…that…,such…that…结构都可引导结果状语从句。
①There were so_many_people (= such a lot of people) in the room that we could not get in.
房间里这么多人以至于我们进不去。
②He bought so cheap a recorder that he saved some money.
他买了一部如此便宜的录音机,以致节省了一些钱。
相关句型有:
(1)so +adj. / adv. +that
so +adj.+ a/an +单数可数名词= such + a/an +adj. +单数可数名词
such +adj. + 复数可数名词/不可数名词/ 单数名词 +that
③He is so good a student that we all like him.
=He is such_a_good_student that we all like him.
他是一个如此好的学生,以至于我们都很喜欢他。
④It was such_bad_weather that we had to stay at home.
天气如此不好以至于我们不得不待在家里。
(2)如果复数名词前有many, few,不可数名词前有much, little 等表示数量的形容词时,应用so 而不用such。
⑤I have so many falls that I am black and blue all over.
我摔了很多次,以至于全身青一块紫一块的。
⑥I have so_little_money that I can't afford that MP4.
我只有那么一点点钱,以至于我买不起那款MP4。
(3) 但当little 表示“小”时,用such。
⑦They are such_little_children that they can not dress themselves.
他们是如此小的孩子,以至于他们还不能自己穿衣服。
(4)在so…that / such…that 的句型中,如果把so /such 提前,则主谓要倒装。
⑧So_difficult_did_I_find_it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for help.
我发现解决这道难题是如此困难以至于我决定去找汤姆帮忙。
⑨ I haven’t seen Ann for ____ long that I’ve forgotten what she looks like.
A. such
B. very
C. so
D. too
C 句意:我很久没有见到Ann了,以至于我都不记得她的长相了。此句是“如此……以至于……”句型。由此决定A或C,再由于that 前 long 是形容词的缘故而选C。
⑩他是如此饿,以至于吃完了桌上的所有食物。
He was so hungry that he ate up all the food on the table.
2、Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had forgotten our map in the room.
第二天早晨我们刚离开宿舍,就想起把地图忘在房间里了。
此句含有句型:hardly …when…“一……就……”,由hardly 位于句首,用倒装语序。正常语序是 We had hardly left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had forgotten our map in the room。hardly…when…这种句式主句常用过去完成时,when 引导的从句常用一般过去时。hardly 置于句首时,主句用倒装语序。该句式中hardly 可以改成scarcely.
①I had hardly / scarcely closed my eyes when the telephone rang.
我刚合上眼,电话铃就响了。
②Hardly/ Scarcely had_he_arrived when he had to leave again.
他刚一到达,又不得不离开。
(1)no sooner…than…用法与之相似。
③No_sooner_had_he_finished his homework than the light went out.
他一做完作业, 灯就熄了。
(2)以never, seldom, little, barely, not until, nowhere, by no means 等否定词放在句首时,句子一般采用倒装形式。
④Little do I know about French.
对于法语我知之甚少。
⑤Nowhere in the world can you find such a beautiful place.
你在世界上任何地方都找不到如此漂亮的地方。
⑥Little ____ that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.
A. he realized
B. he didn’t realize
C. didn’t he realize
D. did he realize
C
little是具有否定意义的词,位于句首时句子用部分倒装。
3、Had you come with us, I think you would have enjoyed Europe too.
如果你们和我们一起来了,我觉得你们也会在欧洲玩得很开心的。
本句是一个省略了连词if,含有虚拟语气的倒装句,该句的完整语序是:If you had come with us, I think you would have enjoyed Europe too.
在虚拟语气的条件句中,若含有助动词should,had 或连系动词were时,可以把连词 if 省略,且把should,had 或were倒装到主语的前面.
①Had he_come_last_night,_he would have met his sister at home.
昨晚要是他回来了,他就会在家见到他妹妹了。
②Should he_visit_me_tomorrow,_I would buy him a bicycle.
他若是明天来我就买一辆自行车给他。
③Were_he_you,_I think he would lend his computer to me.
若他是你,我认为他就会把他的计算机借给我了。
【注意】在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说Were I not to do, 而不能说 Weren't I to do。
④Were I_not_to_come tomorrow, I would send you an email to let you know.
如果明天我不来,我就发邮件告诉你。
⑤ ____ tomorrow, we would have to put off the sports meet.
A. Were it rain
B. Should it rain
C. Would it rain
D. Will it rain
B 句意:如果明天下雨,我们将不得不推迟运动会。与将来事实相反的非真实条件句,省略if,把should提到了句首。
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