(江苏专用)2017届高考英语二轮复习课件：第三部分专题二 阅读理解 第1课时

　　第1课时　拨云见日——巧解事实细节类题目 ⊙怎么考 事实细节理解题考查原文提到的某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括直接理解题(在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who，what，when，where，why和how等提问)、语意转化题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语境上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论)、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。

　　⊙怎么学 平时阅读训练时，注意作者描述人物、物体等细节的常用写作手法与技巧，以及反映句子之间逻辑关系的词，如：because，since，for，as等表示因果关系；after，first，next，later，meantime等表示时间关系；above，below，behind，in front of等表示方位关系；but，on the contrary，on the other hand等表示转折或相对关系；furthermore，what's more等表示递进关系；for instance，for example，such as等表示例证关系。这些表示逻辑关系的词语能为考生解答细节题提供重要的线索，从而为快速、准确地选择答案打下坚实的基础。

　　⊙怎么解 做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读文章，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。另外，在题干中寻找线索词，并注意题干中的名词、动词、形容词等实词。注意线索词在文章中的位置，并标出实词的出处。 解答此类题目有时还要注意细读全文，变通理解，多方归纳，综合事实细节选定答案。

　　【典例剖析】 体裁：记叙文　话题：感人轶事　词数：301　时间：6′ (2017·陕西卷，B)When I told my father that I was moving to Des Moines，Iowa，he told me about the only time he had been there.It was in the 1930s，when he was an editor of the literary magazine of Southern Methodist University(SMU) in Dallas，Texas.He also worked as a professor at SMU，and there was a girl student in his class who suffered from a serious back disease.She couldn't afford the operation because her family was poor.

　　Her mother ran a boardinghouse in Galveston，a seaside town near Houston，Texas.She was cleaning out the attic(阁楼) one day when she came across an old dusty manuscript(手稿).On its top page were the words，“By O.Henry.” It was a nice story，and she sent it to her daughter at SMU，who showed it to my father.My father had never read the story before，but it sounded like O.Henry，and he knew that O.Henry had once lived in Houston.So it was possible that the famous author had gone to the beach and stayed in the Galveston boardinghouse，and had written the story there and left the manuscript behind by accident.My father visited an O.Henry expert at Columbia University in New York，who authenticated the story as O.Henry's.

　　My father then set out to sell it.Eventually，he found himself in Des Moines，meeting with Gardner Cowles，a top editor at the Des Moines Register.Cowles loved the story and bought it on the spot.My father took the money to the girl.It was just enough for her to have the operation she so desperately needed. My father never told me what the O.Henry story was about.But I doubt that it could have been better than his own story.

　　【语篇解读】　一位身患重病的女孩的母亲经营寄宿公寓时偶然得到一本欧·亨利遗失的小说手稿，经专家鉴定后确认出自欧·亨利之手。后来作者的父母将这部手稿出售去帮助女孩支付医药费。 1.Who found the O.Henry's manuscript?

　　A.The girl's mother.

　　B.The author's father.

　　C.The girl.

　　D.The author.

　　答案　A　[题干以who提问，为直接理解事实细节类题目，可以在文中第二段第二句话“She was cleaning out...she came across...”“she”指那位女孩的母亲，故答案为A项。]

　　2.Which of the following might explain the fact that the manuscript was found in the attic?

　　A.O.Henry once worked in Houston.

　　B.O.Henry once stayed in Galveston.

　　C.O.Henry once moved to Des Moines.

　　D.O.Henry once taught at SMU.

　　答案　B　[题干以which提问，也是直接理解事实细节类题目。根据文章第二段倒数第二句“So it was possible that the famous author had gone to the beach and stayed in the Galveston...”可知，欧·亨利在Galveston居住过的事实最能解释手稿发现于阁楼里，故答案为B项。]

　　3.The underlined word “authenticated” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.

　　A.named

　　B.treated

　　C.proved

　　D.described

　　答案　C　[词义猜测题。根据O.Henry expert可知，该专家专门研究欧·亨利的小说及生平，能够辨别这部手稿的真伪，因此authenticate意为“证明”。故答案为C项。]

　　4.According to the text，why did the author's father go to Des Moines?

　　A.To sell the O.Henry story.

　　B.To meet the author himself.

　　C.To talk with the O.Henry expert.

　　D.To give money to the girl.

　　答案　A　[题干以why提问，要求考生直接理解原因，该原因可能直接在文中找到。根据文章第三段第一句可知，作者的父亲到Des Moines是为了将书稿卖掉。故答案为A项。]