(江苏专用)2017届高考英语二轮专题复习练习：第二部分专题一 名词

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．(2017·长沙市高三质检)Sometimes the________between the reality and the dream is so great that it produces disappointment.

　　A．combination

　　B．applicationC．contrast

　　D．disapproval

　　答案　C　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：现实和梦想之间的“反差”往往让人失望。contrast对照、对比；combination联合、集合；application 申请、应用；disapproval不赞成。根据句意可知应该选择C项。]

　　2．(2017·孝感高中高三调研)The incident caused a hot discussion on the Internet, but the local government had no immediate________on it.

　　A．adjustment B．commitmentC．comment

　　D．document

　　答案　C　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：这件事在网上引起热烈的讨论，但是当地政府并未迅速对它做出了评论。adjustment调整；commitment 承诺，奉献；comment评论；document文件。根据句意可知应该选择C项。]

　　3．(2017·天津市南开区模拟)While she was in Paris, she developed a________for fine art.

　　A．way

　　B．relation

　　C．taste

　　D．habit

　　答案　C　[考查名词辨析。句意：她在巴黎时喜欢上了优秀艺术。taste此处意为“喜欢；鉴赏”， develop a taste for“喜欢上……”，符合题意。way“方式”；relation“关系”；habit“习惯”。]

　　4．(2017·合肥168中学模拟)—He's always associating himself with those dishonest boys!

　　—A man is known by the________he keeps.

　　A．reference

　　B．companyC．distinction

　　D．occupation

　　答案　B　[考查名词辨析。句意：——他总是与那些不诚实的孩keep sb company“与某人作伴”，符合句意。reference“查阅”；distinction“区别”；occupation“职业；占有；消遣”。]

　　5．(2017·泉州市质检)Although at times learning to play the piano was tiring for me, it was well worth the________．

　　A．effort

　　B．strength

　　C．intelligence

　　D．preparation

　　答案　A　[考查名词辨析。句意：尽管学习弹钢琴有时对我来说很烦人，但确实值得这些努力。effort“努力”，符合句意。strength“力气；优势”；intelligence“智力”；preparation“准备”。]

　　6．(2017·湖北浠水三校高三联考)Mr Wang has taught for thirty years. Everybody sings high praise for his________to the cause of education.

　　A．application

　　B．invitation

　　C．reception

　　D．devotion

　　答案　D　[考查名词辨析。句意：王先生已经教书三十年了。每个人都高度赞扬他对教育事业的奉献。applicationinvitation邀请；reception接待；devotion奉献。根据句意可知应该选择D项。]

　　7．(2017·荆州高三质检)The CCTV shows Chinese Characters Dictation Competition has taken the country by storm, which is partly designed to arouse people's____in Chinese.

　　A．response

　　B．enthusiasm

　　C．significance

　　D．consequence

　　答案　B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：CCTV汉字听写大赛设置的初衷部分是为了唤起人们对中文的“热情”。 response to sth 对……的反应；significance：意义、重要性；consequence：后果、结果。均不合题意。enthusiasm热情。故B项正确。]

　　8．(2017·包头市三十三中模拟)You should take________of this opportunity and try to make a good impression on them.

　　A．care

　　B．advantage

　　C．charge

　　D．place

　　答案　B　[考查名词辨析。句意：你应该利用这次机会，尽量给他们留下一个take advantage of为固定短语，意为“利用”，符合句意。take care of“照顾；照料”；take charge of“控制；掌管”；take place of“代替”。]

　　9．(2017·咸阳市一模)Messi, has won his________as one of the world's greatest soccer players when he was only 25.

　　A．reputation

　　B．achievement

　　C．contribution

　　D．civilization

　　答案　A　[考查名词辨析。句意：梅西仅仅25岁，就已经赢得了世界最伟大足球运动员之一的称号。reputation“名声；荣誉”；achievement“成就；功绩”；contribution“贡献”；civilization“文明”。]

　　10．(2017·江西师大附中模拟)People generally believe that women are more emotional than men, but in my experience that often is not the________．

　　A．stage

　　B．case

　　C．view

　　D．point

　　答案　B　[考查名词辨析。句意：人们普遍认为女性比男性更情感化，但根据我的经验，情况并非如此。stage“平台；舞台”；case“情况；案件”；view“观点；视野”；point“点；要点”。]

　　11．(2017·安徽宿州高三月考)If a young man wants the__to move to a different city in future years, he should keep renting instead of buying a house.

　　A．qualification

　　B．flexibility

　　C．benefit

　　D．privilege

　　答案　B　[考查名词辨析。句意：如果年轻人将来想要可以灵活地迁移到另外的城市生活，他就应该租房而不是买房。qualification资格； flexibility机动性，灵活性； benefit利益，好处； privilege特权。根据句意可知选B。]

　　12．(2017·江苏镇江高三调研)As second­hand smoking is more harmful and dangerous, people want a total________against smoking in public.

　　A．ban

　　B．brake

　　C．breakthrough

　　D．boundary

　　答案　A　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为二手烟更有害和更危险，人们想完全禁止公共场合抽烟。ban禁止；brake刹车；breakthrough突破；boundary边界。根据句意可知应该选择A项。]

　　13．(2017·武汉高三新起点调研)Future will be a marvelous world of artificial________—robots might have their emotions and we human beings might have robots as friends.

　　A．preference

　　B．intelligence

　　C．exhibition

　　D．communication

　　答案　B　[考查名词辨析。句意：未来将是人工智能的辉煌时代，机器人可能有情感，我们preference偏爱；intelligence智力；exhibition展览；communication交流。根据句意可知应该选择B项。]

　　14．(2017·南京市高三检测)As the world's population continues to grow, the________of food becomes more and more of a concern.

　　A．worth

　　B．supply

　　C．package

　　D．list

　　答案　B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着世界人口的持续增长，食物的供应成为了人们越来越关心的问题。worth价值；supply供应；package包裹；list清单。根据句意可知应该选择B项。]

　　15．(2017·天津南开区高三4月调研)The two Chinese scientists have made a wonderful discovery, which marks a major________in the basic research in the field.

　　A．reform

　　B．approach

　　C．boundary

　　D．breakthrough

　　答案　D　[考查名词辨析。句意：这两个中国科学家做出重大发现，这标志着这个领域的重大突破。reform改革； approach方式，方法；boundary边界；breakthrough突破。根据句意可知应该选择D项。]

　　Ⅱ.语篇填空(用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空)

　　A

　　A high school history teacher once told us，“If you make one close friend in school，you will be most lucky.A true friend is someone who stays with you for life.”Experience shows that he was right.Good __1__(friend)

　　are just not easily formed.

　　To most of us，friendships are thought very important，but we need to have the kinds of friendships we want.Are they to be close or kept at an arm's __2__ (long)？Do we want to share ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface? For some people，many friendships on the surface are quite enough and that's all right.But at some point we need to make sure that our __3__(expect)

　　are the same as our __4__ (friend)

　　expectations.The sharing of __5__ (person)

　　experience is the surest way __6__ (deepen)

　　friendships.But it must be undertaken slowly and carried on only if there are signs of interest and __7__ (act)

　　return.

　　What are some of the difficulties to friendship？The greatest is the __8__ (attract)

　　to expect too much too soon.Deep relationships take time.Another main difficulty is the __9__ (selfish)

　　to think one“owns” the other，including his time and __10__ (attend)．Similarly，friendships need actions in return.In other words，you must give as much as you take.Finally there is a question of taking care of each other.Unless you spend reasonable time together，talking on the phone，writing letters or doing things together，friendships will die away.

　　答案　1.friendships　2.length　3.expectations　4.friends'

　　5．personal　6.to deepen/of deepening　7.action　8.attraction　9.selfishness　10.attention

　　B

　　WHAT DOES IT COME UNDER?

　　If you're dieting there are certain __1__ (food) you really have to avoid: __2__ (cake) and __3__ (biscuit) are out for a start，but you can't live for ever on

　　__4__ (tomato) and __5__ (orange)．There are __6__ (man) and __7__ (woman) who spend their entire __8__ (life) counting the calories they take in each day.Some national __9__ (cuisine) make you fat.The __10__ (Japanese) have a high protein diet，while the __11__ (Swiss) eat a lot of milk __12__ (product)．Personally，I'm lucky not to have to diet，but my friend，John，can't eat anything without looking it up in his Calorie Chart.This is carefully organized so that __13__ (strawberry) and __14__ (peach) are under ‘Fruit’；__15__(potato) and spaghetti come under ‘Starchy

　　Foods’，and so on.I entertained John to a nice low­calorie meal yesterday and at the end I offered him some jelly.“What does ‘jelly’ come under？”he asked looking at his chart.“Half a litre of double cream，”I said，pouring the stuff over my plate!

　　答案　1.foods　2.cakes　3.biscuits　4.tomatoes5．oranges　6.men　7.women　8.lives　9.cuisines10．Japanese　11.Swiss 　12.products　13.strawberries　14.peaches　15.potatoes

　　C

　　Robots used for housework were tested out in some __1__ (family)．Tony，one of the robots，looked like __2__ tall and handsome man with smooth black hair，speaking in a deep voice.Larry was going to be away from home.Also，__3__(curious)drove him to have a try on such a new thing.So he hired a robot to accompany his wife Claire.Claire didn't like the idea at the beginning，but she agreed to it at last.At the first sight of Tony，Claire felt embarrassed.Gradually，Tony began to win the __4__(hostess) trust.He helped Claire realize her dreams by making her home elegant，giving her a new haircut，changing the makeup she wore and giving her __5__(advise) on her __6__(person) dresses.Therefore at the party all her guests who were invited were filled with __7__(admire) when they saw her house was completely changed.After the test，the company was satisfied with __8__(Tony) report and believed it was __9__ success because he had successfully made a woman regain her __10__(confident) and fall in love with him.

　　答案　1.families　2.a　3.curiosity　4.hostess'　5.advice6．personal　7.admiration　8.Tony's　9.a　10.confidence