2017届高考英语（牛津译林版）一轮复习课时提升作业：(十五) 必修5 Unit 3 Science versus nature

　　课时提升作业(十五)

　　必修5　Unit 3

　　(建议用时25分钟)

　　. 单项填空

　　1. I would like a job which pays more, but ________ I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.

　　A. in other words　B. on the other hand

　　C. for one thing

　　D. as a matter of fact

　　【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意: 我想有一份待遇更好的工作, 但是另一方面, 我也喜欢现在的工作。in other words换句话说; on the other hand另一方面; for one thing一方面; as a matter of fact事实上。

　　2. (2017·海安模拟)Only one third of the people present at the meeting voted ________ the new law.

　　A. in search of

　　B. in favour of

　　C. in short of

　　D. in case of

　　【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意: 在会议上, 在场的只有三分之一的人投票支持新法律。in search of寻找; in favour of支持, 赞同; in short of缺少; in case of以防, 以免。

　　【加固训练】

　　—Do you believe that opportunities always ________ the prepared minds?

　　—I couldn’t agree more.

　　A. makeB. changeC. keepD. favour

　　【解析】选D。句意: ——你认为机会总是青睐有准备的人吗? ——完全同意。favour意为“偏爱, 较喜欢”, 符合语境, 故选D项。

　　3. You can’t take photographs in here unless you get ________ from the administrator.

　　A. award B. shelter

　　C. permission

　　D. schedule

　　【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意: 你不能在这里拍照, 除非你得到了管理员的允许。award奖赏; shelter住所, 庇护所; permission允许; schedule时刻表。4. My mother went to the private school in person ________ that I would be safe there.

　　A. confirming B. having confirmed

　　C. to confirm

　　D. confirmed

　　【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意: 我妈妈亲自去了那所私立学校, 以便确认我在那里是安全的。根据句意可知, 此处应用不定式作目的状语。

　　5. (2017·杭州模拟) ________ Daley has always been the focus of much media attention, he tries to lead a normal life.

　　A. As B. While

　　C. Since

　　D. Before

　　【解析】选B。考查连词辨析。句意: 尽管Daley总是媒体关注的焦点, 但他努力去过一种正常的生活。根据句意可知上下文存在转折的关系。故用while表示“尽管”符合上下文。as随着, 因为; while当……时, 然而, 尽管; since自从, 既然; before在……之前。

　　【加固训练】

　　Focus of much media attention ________ Daley has always been, he tries to lead a normal life.

　　A. as

　　B. while

　　C. since

　　D. before

　　【解析】选A。考查倒装。句意: 尽管Daley总是媒体关注的焦点, 但他努力去过一种正常的生活。此处为as引导的倒装句, 表示“尽管, 虽然”, 相当于Although Daley has always been the focus of much media attention. . . 。

　　6. (2017·启东中学模拟)As they had no children of their own, they ________ a child.

　　A. adapted B. received

　　C. adopted

　　D. provided

　　【解析】选C。句意: 因为他们没有自己的孩子, 他们就收养了一个。adapt适应; receive收到; adopt采纳, 收养; provide提供。

　　【加固训练】

　　①(2017·温州中学模拟)Considering the advantages of the method, they decided to ________ it.

　　A. arrange B. possess

　　C. adopt

　　D. adapt

　　【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意: 鉴于这种方法的优越性, 他们决定采纳它。arrange安排, 排列, 整理; possess拥有, 具备, 控制; adopt采纳, 采用; adapt适应, 改编。此处应为“采用了这个方法”, 故答案应为C。

　　②(2017·杭州模拟)The new tax policy would force companies to ________ energy-saving measures.

　　A. adapt B. adopt

　　C. adjust

　　D. attach

　　【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意: 新税收政策会迫使公司采用节能措施。adapt适应, 改编; adopt收养, 采纳; adjust调整; attach附上。故选B。

　　7. In China, farmers are ________ from the central government’s new policies on agriculture.

　　A. suffering B. profiting

　　C. earning

　　D. learning

　　【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意: 在中国, 农民正从中央政府的新农业政策中受益。suffer遭受; profit得益; earn获得; learn学到。

　　8. Don’t look down upon the ugly little worm. In a few weeks, it ________ into a beautiful big butterfly.

　　A. transforms B. would transform

　　C. have transformed

　　D. will transform

　　【解析】选D。考查时态。句意: 不要小看这个丑陋的小虫子。几个星期以后, 它就会变成美丽的大蝴蝶。本题的关键在于时间状语In a few weeks, 该时间状语和将来时连用, 表示“一段时间以后”, 使用一般将来时。故D项正确。

　　9. (2017·安徽六校联考) ________ Wuhan with Shanghai, to be frank, and you’ll find it’s more convenient to live in the former.

　　A. To compare

　　B. Comparing

　　C. Compare

　　D. Compared

　　【解析】选C。考查特殊句式。句意: 坦白地讲, 比较武汉和上海, 你就会发现生活在武汉会更方便。根据连词and可知此处是并列句, 句中没有主语, 判断是祈使句, 用动词原形开头。

　　【加固训练】

　　(2017·南京模拟)Though I am improving in my study, I still have a long way to go ________ some of my classmates.

　　A. to compare with

　　B. to compare to

　　C. comparing with

　　D. compared with

　　【解析】选D。考查过去分词作状语。句意: 虽然我的学习正在进步, 但是和一些同学比起来我仍然有很长的路要走。

　　10. The mother was filled with ________ about her daughter’s health, so she asked the doctor for help.

　　A. eagerness B. anxiety

　　C. disappointment

　　D. fright

　　【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意: 母亲为女儿的健康忧心忡忡, 于是她求助于医生。eagerness渴望, 热心, 热切; anxiety焦虑, 忧虑; disappointment失望; fright惊吓, 恐怖。

　　11. (2017·淮安模拟)After the earthquake, many people had to be ________ in the tents, because their houses were badly damaged.

　　A. put away B. put up

　　C. put out

　　D. put off

　　【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 地震后许多人不得不被安置在帐篷里, 因为他们的房子被严重毁坏了。put away把……收好, 储存; put up举起, 张贴, 提供住宿; put out扑灭; put off推迟, 延迟。

　　【加固训练】

　　I really can’t ________ with the loud noise outside. It is driving me crazy.

　　A. come up B. put up

　　C. push ahead

　　D. get through

　　【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 我真的难以忍受外面大声的噪音。它都要让我发疯了。选项中四个短语均可与介词with搭配, 其意义不同。come up with提出; put up with忍受; push ahead with努力推进; get through with完成。

　　12. All the teachers are well aware of the fact that most students, especially teens, need help and encouragement ________ punishment.

　　A. other than

　　B. rather than

　　C. or rather

　　D. more than

　　【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意: 所有的老师都清楚地意识到大多数学生, 特别是青少年, 需要的是帮助和鼓励而不是惩罚。other than除了; rather than而不是; or rather更准确地说; more than超过, 不只是。

　　【加固训练】

　　My son prefers us to email each other once a week ________ spend half an hour on the phone every night.

　　A. other than

　　B. rather than

　　C. more than

　　D. instead of

　　【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意: 我儿子宁愿我们每周彼此发一次电子邮件也不愿意每天晚上花半小时打电话。other than除了; rather than而不是, 宁可……也不愿; more than比……多, 不止; instead of代替, 而不是。根据句意可知答案选B。

　　13. (2017·芜湖一中模拟)Proper drinking produces few harmful effects but drunkenness and alcoholism can have terrible ________ .

　　A. consequences

　　B. troubles

　　C. diseases

　　D. harm

　　【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意: 适当饮酒不会产生什么有害的后果, 但是醉酒和酒精中毒可能会有可怕的后果。consequence结果; trouble麻烦; disease疾病; harm危害, 损害。

　　14. Can’t you notice that there is little time left? Please tell me the whole thing ________ .

　　A. in case B. in brief

　　C. in total

　　D. in detail

　　【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意: 难道你没有注意到仅有很少的时间剩下吗? 请简单地告诉我整件事情。in case以防, 以免; in brief简而言之; in total总计, 合计; in detail详细地。

　　15. ________ copies of the famous writer’s works will be on sale after his talk at the Press Conference.

　　A. Signing B. Sign

　　C. Signed

　　D. To sign

　　【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意: 这位著名作家在资讯发布会以后, 他签过名的书将会被出售。本题中的动词sign与名词copies之间构成被动关系, 故使用过去分词来修饰名词。如果是单个的过去分词修饰名词, 要放在名词的前面; 分词短语要放在所修饰的名词的后面。故C项正确。

　　【拓展延伸】

　　过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时, 表示被动和完成, 在句子中一般可以作时间、原因等状语。

　　1. 时间状语

　　Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly.

　　李雷得知母亲生病了时, 很快赶回了家。

　　2. 原因状语

　　Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class.

　　由于对他所做的事情很满意, 老师在班上表扬了他。

　　3. 条件状语

　　Compared with you, I still have a long way to go.

　　跟你比起来, 我还差得很远呢。

　　4. 让步状语

　　Explained a hundred times, he still can’t understand it. 即使给他解释一百遍, 他还是不明白。

　　5. 结果状语

　　The cup fell down to the ground, broken.

　　杯子掉到了地上, 碎了。

　　. 阅读理解

　　A

　　Clothes can make phone calls, play music, dial your pal’s number, keep you warm during cold weather and operate your computer.

　　This is not a fantasy. A British company, called Electrotextiles, has created a wide range of clothes—clothes that have minds of their own! Scientists, working for the company, have invented a kind of fabric that can be blended(混合)with flexible electronic materials to create intelligent clothing. The result is electronic garments.

　　If you think the wearer has to be wired to different devices, think again. These designer clothes are wire-free, soft to touch and washable! Like any electronic device, these high-tech clothes have to be powered. Currently, a tiny nine-volt battery serves the purpose. But the researchers hope that in the near future the clothes will generate electricity by using body heat. These clothes are 100 percent shock proof, they say.

　　The Electrotextiles team has also created the world’s first cloth keyboard. This keyboard can be sewn into your trousers or skirt. To use this device, you will have to sit down and tap on your lap! These “lap-tap” gadgets(器具)are all set to take over laptop computers!

　　Another useful garment is the shirt-cum-mobile phone. This handy invention enables drivers to chat comfortably with others at the wheel! Other popular electronic wear includes the denim(牛仔布)jacket with flexible earphones sewn into the hood(风帽)and the electronic ski jacket with a built-in heater. The ski jacket is also programmed to send signals to a satellite. This technology is known as global positioning system and can be used to track lost skiers and wandering kids.

　　Having completed the cloth keyboard, scientists have already started to work on a new project—a necktie that can be used as a computer mouse. What is the next? Do you have any idea?

　　【文章大意】本文是一篇科技说明文。主要介绍了一些高科技的布料、衣服等, 这些新发明有各种各样的功能, 比如打电话、听歌。

　　1. The electronic garments are similar to other electronic devices in that ________ .

　　A. they feel smooth and soft

　　B. they use electricity as power

　　C. they can be washed in water

　　D. they are made from flexible materials

　　【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段第三句话Like any electronic device, these high-tech clothes have to be powered. 可知, 像其他电子产品一样, 这种高科技的衣服也必须用电来作为动力。

　　2. How will researchers improve these high-tech clothes?

　　A. Body heat will be used as power.

　　B. The wearer will not get shocked.

　　C. A tiny nine-volt battery will work.

　　D. They will get charged automatically.

　　【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句话But the researchers hope that in the near future the clothes will generate electricity by using body heat. 可知A正确。

　　3. What does the underlined phrase “This handy invention” in Paragraph 5 refer to?

　　A. The laptop computer.

　　B. The electronic ski jacket. C. The shirt-cum-mobile phone.

　　D. The world’s first cloth keyboard.

　　【解析】选C。推理判断题。由第五段的Another useful garment is the shirt-cum-mobile phone. This handy invention enables drivers to chat. . . 可知, 这里很明显是指代前文的the shirt-cum-mobile phone。

　　4. If you are going on a ski adventure, which device do you need?

　　A. The cloth keyboard.

　　B. The electronic ski jacket.

　　C. The necktie to be used as a mouse.

　　D. The denim jacket with earphones.

　　【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后两句话The ski jacket is also programmed to send signals to a satellite. This technology is known as global positioning system and can be used to track lost skiers and wandering kids. 可知。

　　5. The main purpose of the text is ________ .

　　A. to advertise for an English company

　　B. to predict the future trend of science

　　C. to show how rapidly science develops

　　D. to introduce some intelligent clothing

　　【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通读全文可知作者是向我们介绍几种智能的衣服、布料等。

　　B

　　(2017·南京师大附中模拟)

　　Consumer electronics once again topped the list of the most wanted gifts this holiday season. “Seventy-six percent of consumers who plan to buy holiday gifts say that they will spend money buying at least one technology product; definitely a solid vote of confidence for technology. ”Steve Koenig is with the Consumer Electronics Association. He says the group’s latest research also shows that Americans this year are spending more on technology products.

　　“Here in 2017, MYM 252 on average—the technology spend for consumers this year. ”From tablet computers to smartphones, American shoppers have been lining up to get the newest and coolest electronic devices on the market. There are more choices today than ever before. “It’s kind of hard to make a decision. ” Tablet computers are one of the best-selling products this year. Brian Tong is Senior Editor of CNET. com. The website reports on tech news and examines the latest electronic products. He says the Apple iPad Mini is one of the most popular tablets. Its starting price is MYM 329. One of Apple’s biggest competitors is the Google Nexus 7. It starts at MYM 199.

　　“The hardware inside is more powerful than what’s in the iPad Mini, but also it offers you a lot of things like maps that work better than Apple’s maps. ”Brian Tong says there is one reason why people may like the iPad Mini more than the Nexus 7. “If you just want to read books and surf the Internet, you don’t really need to get an iPad Mini, but if you want the largest group of apps that’s where the iPad and Apple’s ecosystem shines the most. ”

　　Elman Chacon is with the electronics store Best Buy. He says another hot product this season is smart cameras. They connect to the Internet through Wi-Fi. This makes it easy for users to email or upload photographs directly from the camera. “You can literally take a picture and upload it into your Facebook in a matter of seconds. These things are pretty cool because they do a lot of things. ”

　　Streaming media boxes also connect to the Internet. People are able to watch web content such as movies and YouTube videos on their televisions. Another popular item is wireless speaker systems. The newest ones work with any device that has Bluetooth technology, including smartphones, laptops and tablets. With the growing popularity of Internet shopping, many consumers will visit a store first to look at a product, and then go online to find it at a lower price. Stores like Best Buy understand that and they want to stay competitive.

　　“We have something called the perfect match promise which means if you buy a certain device and you find it cheaper within 30 days we’ll go ahead and price match that for you, ”Elman Chacon said.

　　【文章大意】本文讲述的是消费类电子产品再次高居今年节日最心仪礼物名单之列。最新研究还表明, 今年美国人在科技产品上花费更多。

　　6. According to Brian Tong, ________ .

　　A. the Apple’s iPad Mini is more suitable for enthusiastic readers

　　B. the hardware in iPad Mini is more advanced than that in Nexus 7

　　C. Nexus 7 has fewer apps than iPad Mini

　　D. iPad mini is more eco-friendly

　　【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段可知Brian Tong认为Nexus 7比iPad Mini的应用软件少。

　　7. If you’ve discovered that a certain device you bought at Best Buy is more expensive than one at another store within 30 days, ________ .

　　A. you are sure to get double the amount you paid

　　B. you can return the device and get your money back

　　C. the store will return the price differences

　　D. the store will lower the price

　　【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“We have something called the perfect match promise which means if you buy a certain device and you find it cheaper within 30 days we’ll go ahead and price match that for you, ”Elman Chacon said. 可知, 在30天内如果你在Best Buy买的东西比另外一家的贵, 商店会归还价格差。

　　8. Which of the following would be the best gift for a cab driver?

　　A. Smart cameras.

　　B. Streaming media boxes.

　　C. Wireless speaker systems.

　　D. Tablet computers.

　　【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据常识结合文章内容可知司机要开车, 那么无线对讲系统应该是最适合的礼物。

　　【语篇随练用约30个词概括阅读理解B篇的主要内容。

　　Consumer electronics once again topped the list of the most wanted gifts this holiday season. The latest research also shows that Americans this year are spending more on technology products.

　　【技法导练】

　　如何快速解答间接细节理解题

　　间接细节理解题一般借用原文关键词的同义词进行发问, 选项也不是原文的原话, 而是依据多个细节归纳得出的, 因此特别注意以下几点:

　　1. 题干是根本。切不可忽视题干, 直接拿选项在原文中寻找关键词或句子。

　　2. 立足原文。切忌“一面之词”, 要格外注意一些表示范围的词, 如代词all, each, every或者副词always, never, partly等。3. 注意表示否定意义的副词或短语。

　　解题技巧: 1. 先读题干, 熟知问题; 2. 快速阅读文章捕捉信息, 在文章中直接找到与题干有关的词语或句子; 3. 分析选项, 直接确定答案或结合原文运用排除法得出答案。

　　例如阅读理解B篇第7题, 阅读题干熟知问题后, 快速定位最后一段中的关键词, 然后分析四个选项, 最终确定答案为。price match that for you

　　C