2017届高考英语（牛津译林版）一轮复习课时提升作业：(十八) 选修6 Unit 3 Understanding each other

　　课时提升作业(十八)

　　选修6　Unit3

　　(建议用时30分钟)

　　. 单项填空

　　1. The sooner we students ________ the new school life, the better it will be for our studies.

　　A. admit toB. adjust to

　　C. devote to

　　D. look into

　　【解析】选B。句意: 我们学生越快适应新学校的生活, 对我们的学习就越好。admit to承认; adjust to适应; devote to致力于; look into调查。

　　【加固训练】

　　As can be seen from her sweet smile, she has ________ to the life here.

　　A. adjusted B. treated

　　C. adopted

　　D. relieved

　　【解析】选A。考查动词固定搭配。句意: 从她甜甜的微笑可以看出, 她已经适应了这里的生活。固定短语adjust to表示“调整以适应”, 符合句意。

　　2. —Are you getting on well with your workmates?

　　—Well, almost none is ________ with me up till now.

　　A. familiar B. aware

　　C. similar

　　D. known

　　【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。句意: ——你和同事们相处得好吗? ——唉, 我和他们到现在都还不太熟悉。familiar熟悉的, be familiar with熟悉, 通晓, 符合句意。aware意识到的, 知道的, 常和of搭配; similar相似的, 和known都是与to搭配; 均不是正确选项。

　　【加固训练】

　　—Are you getting on well with your new work?

　　—Yes. I am quite familiar ________ it now.

　　A. to　B. with　C. on　D. in

　　【解析】选B。be familiar to sb. 为某人所熟知; sb. be familiar with sth. 某人熟悉或了解某事。

　　3. I dislike ________ when others laugh at me in public or think poorly of me behind.

　　A. that B. those

　　C. it

　　D. them

　　【解析】选C。考查固定句型。句意: 我不喜欢别人在公众场合嘲笑我, 或者在背后说我的坏话。I dislike/hate/like/appreciate it when. . . 我不喜欢/讨厌/喜欢/欣赏……。think poorly of sb. 说某人的坏话; think highly of高度赞扬。

　　4. The teachers promised to ________ the wishes of the parents before making any change.

　　A. take into account

　　B. pay attention to

　　C. consider that

　　D. take account for

　　【解析】选A。句意: 老师们答应在做出变更之前要考虑家长的意愿。pay attention to注意; consider that后接从句; take account for中的for应改为of, 故B、C、D三项都不符合题意。

　　5. We’d better ________ some sports because sports can give us a perfect build and protect us from getting illness easily.

　　A. take up

　　B. make up

　　C. pick up

　　D. build up

　　【解析】选A。句意: 我们最好多进行一些体育活动, 因为运动能给我们好的体魄, 保护我们不易得病。take up从事, 占据; make up化妆, 弥补, 占比例; pick up拾起, 接收信号; build up加强, 增强。

　　【加固训练】

　　(2017·盐城模拟)I don’t know what to ________ at the university. I can’t make any forecasts about my future.

　　A. take in B. take over

　　C. take off

　　D. take up

　　【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 我不知道大学学习什么, 我不能对未来做任何预测。take in吸收, 欺骗, 理解; take over接管; take off脱下, 起飞; take up占据, 从事, 故选D。

　　6. (2017·福州模拟)Had the government limited the sales of cars much earlier, traffic jam and pollution ________ so serious now.

　　A. has not been

　　B. would not be

　　C. had not been

　　D. wouldn’t have been

　　【解析】选B。考查错综时间虚拟语气。在虚拟条件句中, 常省略if, 把had, were, should等提到句首, 构成倒装, if从句用的是过去完成时, 说明是对过去的事情进行虚拟, 这时, 主句使用would have done。但是需要注意的是, 句尾有now这个词, 即主句是对现在进行虚拟的, 应该使用would/should/could+动词原形。7. If you stick to it, this plan ________ that your company is well prepared to deal with future challenges. A. ensured

　　B. will ensure

　　C. ensures

　　D. would ensure

　　【解析】选B。考查时态。句意: 如果你坚持, 这个计划会确保你的公司做好充分准备, 以处理未来的挑战。if条件句用一般现在时表将来, 主句要用一般将来时。

　　【拓展延伸】

　　一般现在时表将来

　　(1)下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。

　　The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.

　　(2)倒装句, 表示动作正在进行。

　　Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.

　　(3)在时间或条件状语从句中。

　　When Bill comes(不是will come), ask him to wait for me.

　　(4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等后。

　　I hope they have a nice time next week.

　　8. —Have you heard that Tom has passed his driving test?

　　—Oh! That’s great of him! I’ll go and ________ him ________ that.

　　A. congratulate; for

　　B. admire; with

　　C. admire; on

　　D. congratulate; on

　　【解析】选D。句意: ——你听说汤姆已经通过了他的驾照考试吗? ——哦, 他太棒了。我要为此去祝贺他。congratulate sb. on sth. 祝贺某人某事。

　　9. (2017·杭州模拟)Visitors are not permitted ________ the park after dark because of the lack of lighting.

　　A. to enter B. entering

　　C. to enter in

　　D. entering in

　　【解析】选A。句意: 由于缺乏照明设施, 天黑后游客不允许进入公园。permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事, 被动语态为sb. be permitted to do sth. 某人被允许做某事。其次, enter是及物动词。“enter +地点”即表示“进入……”, 没必要加介词in。

　　0. I always ________ you with your brother, for you look so ________ .

　　A. mistake; alike

　　B. confuse; alike

　　C. puzzle; like

　　D. misunderstand; likely

　　【解析】选B。句意: 我经常把你和你的哥哥混淆因为你们看起来很像。mistake sb. for sb. else =confuse sb. with sb. else错把某人当成另一人。alike同样的, 相像的。

　　【拓展延伸】

　　alike, like, likely的区别

　　(1)alike同样的, 相像的, 只能作表语, 不可作定语。

　　The two words, dear and deer, are phonetically alike.

　　dear和deer这两个词读音相同。

　　(2)like作介词, 表示“相似, 像”, 常用于短语be like(像, 内在的), look like(看起来像, 外在的), feel like doing想要, 欲。

　　He was sixteen but so short that he looked like twelve or thirteen.

　　他16岁了, 但由于个子矮, 看起来只有十二三岁。

　　(3)likely可能的。

　　He is likely to come, but he is unlikely to come with his wife.

　　他有可能来, 但不大可能跟妻子一起来。

　　11. —I am afraid I don’t quite follow you.

　　—Let me make it ________ . We do not want you here .

　　A. plain B. absolute

　　C. original

　　D. moral

　　【解析】选A。句意: ——恐怕我听不太懂你的话。——让我说得简单点, 我们不想让你在这里。plain简单的, 朴素的; absolute绝对的; original原始的; moral道德的。

　　12. Many restaurant workers are accustomed ________ tips on to-go orders, so even if you give only a couple of dollars, I’m sure it will be appreciated.

　　A. to receive

　　B. to not receive

　　C. to receiving

　　D. to not receiving

　　【解析】选D。考查固定用法。句意: 许多餐馆工作人员对订餐时不付小费是适应的, 所以即使你仅仅给他几美元, 我确信他也会很感激。固定表达be accustomed to习惯于, 其中to为介词, 后接名词或动名词。结合句意可知答案为D。

　　13. I haven’t decided on the menu yet, let alone ________ the food.

　　A. buyingB. to buy

　　C. bought

　　D. buy

　　【解析】选C。考查let alone的用法。句意: 我还没决定吃什么菜呢, 更不必说买食物了。let alone更别提, 更不用说, 后跟与前面部分相对应的谓语或名词。前面部分是完成时态, 所以用过去分词形式。

　　14. —What can I do for you, Linda?

　　—Mr. Zhao, I’m preparing for my coming job interview and I’d appreciate ________ if you could give me some advice.

　　A. you

　　B. this

　　C. it

　　D. that

　　【解析】选C。句意: ——琳达, 我能为你做些什么? ——赵先生, 我正准备工作面试, 如果你给我一些建议我将不胜感激。固定结构I would appreciate it if. . . , 如果你做某事, 我将不胜感激。

　　【加固训练】

　　I’d appreciate ________ if you would like to teach me how to use this computer.

　　A. that B. it

　　C. this

　　D. you

　　【解析】选B。appreciate其后不直接跟从句, 若语意上需要接这类从句, 需借助it。

　　15. (2017·福建三校联考)Wallace Chung can sing, dance and act as well. This is ________ he has appealed to his fans for nearly 20 years.

　　A. why B. because

　　C. that

　　D. how

　　【解析】选A。考查表语从句。句意: 钟汉良会唱歌、跳舞和表演, 这就是为什么二十年以来, 他一直得到粉丝的喜爱。this is why. . . 这就是……的原因, is后是表语从句, 从句不缺少成分, 用why引导。

　　. 阅读理解

　　Sir Nicholas Winton, a British man who saved 669 children from the Nazis, was awarded the highest civilian honour in the Czech Republic on Tuesday.

　　Winton, now 105, was presented with the Order of the White Lion by the Czech president in a special ceremony at Prague Castle.

　　Winton, who has often been nicknamed “the British Schindler”, organised the transportation and settlement of 669 children over nine months before the Second World War broke out in September 1939. Most of those he saved were Jewish children living in then-German-occupied Czechoslovakia whose families were later imprisoned or murdered in concentration camps.

　　Winton gave a speech during the ceremony. He said, “I want to thank you all for this enormous expression of thanks for something which happened to me a long time ago. I am delighted that so many of the children are still about and are here to thank me. England was the only country at that time willing to accept unaccompanied minors. I thank the British people for making room to accept them, and of course the enormous help given by so many of the Czechs who were at that time doing what they could to fight the Germans and to try to get the children out. ”

　　In the same ceremony, the Order of the White Lion was also presented to his grandson Nicholas Soames in honor of Sir Winston Churchill. They are the only British citizens to receive the award, after Margaret Thatcher and the Queen. Presenting the award, the Czech President, Milos Zeman said, “It is a great pleasure to present this award to two great personalities of the UK. I am only ashamed it has been awarded so late—but better late than never. ”

　　【文章大意】尼古拉斯·温顿爵士是一位英国人, 他曾从纳粹手里救出669名儿童。他在本周二被捷克共和国授予了最高的平民荣誉。

　　1. Why has Winton been called “the British Schindler”?

　　A. Because he rescued 669 children before World WarⅡ.

　　B. Because he joined the army in World WarⅡ.

　　C. Because he made great contributions after World WarⅡ.

　　D. Because he saved 669 Jewish children before World WarⅡ.

　　【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段的Winton, who has often been nicknamed “the British Schindler”, organised the transportation and settlement of 669 children. . . 可知, 温顿常被人称为“英国辛德勒”, 是因为在1939年9月爆发的第二次世界大战之前的9个多月里, 他为669名儿童安排了运输工具和栖息之所。

　　2. According to Winton, we can infer ________ .

　　A. all the children once he saved attended the ceremony

　　B. the Czechs also played an important role in helping the children

　　C. England was the only country to fight the Germans at that time

　　D. England was the only country to help the Czechs

　　【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段Winton说的话可知, 有很多他当时救出的孩子参加了典礼。英国在那时候是唯一愿意接受孤儿的国家。捷克人民那时也正不断努力抵抗德国人, 试着救出孩子们。由此可知选B。

　　3. The underlined word “minors” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________ .

　　A. Englishmen

　　B. Germans

　　C. children

　　D. Winton’s family members

　　【解析】选C。词义猜测题。minors所在的句子的意思是: 英国在那时候是唯一愿意接受孤儿的国家。根据句意可知minors指温顿救出的那些孩子。minor可以指18岁以下的孩子。故选C。

　　4. Why was Nicholas Soames also presented with the same award as Winton?

　　A. Because he helped Winton save the children.

　　B. Because his grandfather made great contribution in World WarⅡ.

　　C. Because he is connected with Margaret Thatcher. D. Because he fought bravely in World WarⅡ.

　　【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段的In the same ceremony, the Order of the White Lion was also presented to his grandson Nicholas Soames in honor of Sir Winston Churchill. 可知, 在这个典礼上, 为了纪念温斯顿·丘吉尔, 还将白狮勋章授予了丘吉尔并由他的孙子尼古拉斯·索米斯代领。众所周知, 丘吉尔在第二次世界大战中带领英国人抗击德国, 做出了巨大贡献。故选B。

　　5. The passage mainly wants to tell us ________ .

　　A. Winton was awarded the Order of the White Lion

　　B. Winton saved 669 children

　　C. what the Order of the White Lion is

　　D. Winton felt thankful at the ceremony

　　【解析】选A。推理判断题。这篇文章主要想告诉我们105岁高龄的温顿被捷克总统颁发了最高荣誉奖章——白狮勋章。故选A。

　　Ⅲ. 任务型阅读

　　(2017·建陵模拟)

　　请阅读下列短文, 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

　　注意: 每个空格只填一个单词。

　　Preface(引言)to Revised(修订)Edition

　　How to Win Friends and Influence People was first published in 1937 in an edition of only five thousand copies. Neither Dale Carnegie nor the publishers, Simon and Schuster, expected more than this modest sale. To their amazement, the book became an overnight sensation, and edition after edition rolled off the presses to keep up with the increasing public demand. How to Win Friends and Influence People took its place in publishing history as one of the all-time international best-sellers. It touched a nerve and filled a human need that was more than a faddish(流行一时的)phenomenon of post-depression days, as evidenced by its continued and uninterrupted sales into the eighties, almost half a century later.

　　Dale Carnegie used to say that it was easier to make a million dollars than to put a phrase into the English language. How to Win Friends and Influence People became such a phrase, quoted, paraphrased(解释), used in different contexts from political cartoons to novels. The book itself was translated into almost every known written language. Each generation has discovered it anew and has found it relevant.

　　This brings us to the logical questions: Why revise a book that has proven and continues to prove its universal appeal? Why tamper with(篡改)success?

　　To answer that, we must realize that Dale Carnegie himself was a tireless reviser of his own work during his lifetime. How to Win Friends and Influence People was written to be used as a textbook for his courses in Effective Speaking and Human Relations and is still used in those courses today. Until his death in 1955, he constantly improved and revised the course itself to make it applicable to the needs of an ever-growing public. No one was more sensitive to the changing currents of present-day life than Dale Carnegie. He constantly improved his methods of teaching; he updated his book on Effective Speaking several times. Had he lived longer, he would have revised How to Win Friends and Influence People to better reflect the changes that have taken place in the world since the thirties.

　　Many of the names of famous people in the book, well-known at the time of its first publication, are no longer recognized by many of today’s readers. Certain examples and phrases seem as strange and dated in our social climate as those in a Victorian novel. The important message and overall impact of the book is weakened to that extent.

　　Our purpose, therefore, in this revision is to clarify and strengthen the book for a modern reader without tampering with the content. We have not “changed” How to Win Friends and Influence People except to make a few removals and add a few more contemporary examples. The Carnegie style is undamaged—even the thirties slang is still there. Dale Carnegie wrote as he spoke, in a cheerful, colloquial, conversational manner.

　　So his voice speaks as forcefully as ever, in the book and in his work. Thousands of people all over the world are being trained in Carnegie courses in increasing numbers each year. And other thousands are reading and studying How to Win Friends and Influence People and being inspired to use its principles to better their lives. To all of them, we offer this revision in the spirit of the polishing of a finely made tool.

　　Outline Details

　　Introduction to the book The book How to Win Friends and Influence People, first published in 1937, is(1) ________ among readers worldwide.

　　Success of the book •The name of the book How to Win Friends and Influence People became a(2) ________ used phrase in English.

　　•The book was translated into almost all(3) ________ .

　　•The book has influenced each generation.

　　(4) ________ for revising the book •Dale Carnegie constantly(5) ________ his book How to Win Friends and Influence People.

　　•Many names of the well-known people are no longer

　　(6) ________ by many readers today.

　　•Some examples and phrases are out of(7) ________ .

　　Changes to the revised edition •In terms of content and style, the revised edition remains unchanged, with a few more(8) ________ examples replacing old-fashioned ones.

　　•The revised edition caters more to the tastes of modern people.

　　Influence of the book •More and more people are receiving(9) ________ in Carnegie courses.

　　•More and more people are reading and studying the book and putting its principles into(10) ________ .

　　答案: 1. popular　2. widely/frequently/commonly

　　3. languages　4. Reasons5. improve/revise/update

　　6. recognized/recognised　7. date

　　8. contemporary/modern　9. training　10. practice/use