2016高考英语一轮全程复习构想课时训练42（外研版）

　　课时训练42　Module 6　The World's Cultural Heritage

　　一、单元扣点

　　Ⅰ.根据句意，用所给单词的适当形式填空

　　precious　thorough　enlarge　subjective　undertake　honour　recommend　assistance　expose　existence

　　1．Do you have any difficulty

　　the organization of the high­rise building?

　　答案　undertaking

　　2．Nothing is more

　　than life, so you should treasure it.

　　答案　precious

　　3．The police had the photo of the missing girl

　　to make it seen more clearly.

　　答案　enlarged

　　4．They invested the problem

　　to settle the tough case.

　　答案　thoroughly

　　5．His work was judged objectively as well as

　　.

　　答案　subjectively

　　6．The speaker said that he was feeling highly

　　as one of the guests invited to the press conference.

　　答案　honoured

　　7．It's impossible to prove the

　　of God.

　　答案　existence

　　8．I will

　　you as his secretary.

　　答案　recommend

　　9．Potatoes turn green when

　　to light.

　　答案　exposed

　　10．One of her fellow passengers came to her

　　when she was in trouble.

　　答案　assistance

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．大量的新鲜空气有助于健康。

　　Plenty of fresh air

　　good health.

　　答案　contributes to

　　2．除了汤姆外所有的孩子都喜欢音乐。

　　All the children like music

　　Tom.

　　答案　apart from

　　3．这个俱乐部由200位以上的会员组成。

　　This club

　　more than 200 members.

　　答案　consists of

　　4．她最近很不走运。

　　She's been

　　a bad patch recently.

　　答案　going through

　　5．他帮助人并不期待任何回报。

　　He didn't expect anything

　　for his help.

　　答案　in return

　　二、完形填空

　　“Down­to­earth” means someone or something that is honest, practical and easy to deal with. It is

　　1

　　to find someone who is down­to­earth. A person who is down­to­earth is easy to talk to

　　2

　　accepts other people as equals. A down­to­earth person is just the

　　3

　　of someone who acts importantly and proudly.

　　Down­to­earth persons may be

　　4

　　members of society，of course. But they do not let their importance “go to their

　　5

　　”. They do not

　　6

　　themselves to be

　　better persons than others of less importance. Someone who is filled with his own importance and

　　7

　　， often without cause，is said to have “his nose in the air”. There is no way a person with his nose in the

　　8

　　can be down­to­earth. Americans use another expression that means almost the same

　　9

　　“down­to­earth”. The expression is “both­feet­on­the­ground”. Someone with both­feet­on­the­ground is a person with a good

　　10

　　of reality. He has what is called “

　　11

　　sense”. He may have

　　12

　　， but he does not allow them to

　　13

　　his knowledge of what is real. The opposite kind of person is

　　14

　　who has his “head­in­the­clouds”. A man with his head in the clouds is a dreamer whose mind is not in the

　　15

　　world.

　　Sometimes

　　16

　　a dreamer can be brought back to earth.

　　17

　　words from a teacher can usually bring a day­dreaming student down­to­earth.

　　Usually，the person who is down­to­earth is very

　　18

　　to have both­feet­on­the­ground.

　　19

　　we have both our feet on­the­ground，when we are down­to­earth，we act

　　20

　　and openly toward others. Our lives are like the ground below us, solid and strong.

　　1．A. common B. sad

　　C. pleasant D. surprising

　　2．A. but

　　B. yet

　　C. and

　　D. while

　　3．A. kind

　　B. useful

　　C. same

　　D. opposite

　　4．A. important B. famous

　　C. successful

　　D. necessary

　　5．A. noses

　　B. heads

　　C. minds

　　D. foreheads

　　6．A. wish

　　B. desire

　　C. expect

　　D. consider

　　7．A. duty

　　B. pride

　　C. ability D. fame

　　8．A. air

　　B. sky

　　C. tree

　　D. cloud

　　9．A. like

　　B. as

　　C. of

　　D. for

　　10．A. creativity B. sense

　　C. responsibility D. understanding

　　11．A. usual

　　B. ordinary

　　C. common D. daily

　　12．A. dreams B. fortunes

　　C. advantages

　　D. reasons

　　13．A. prevent B. protect

　　C. block

　　D. gain

　　14．A. one

　　B. those

　　C. that

　　D. ones

　　15．A. clear

　　B. real

　　C. dreamful

　　D. true

　　16．A. so

　　B. such

　　C. each

　　D. that

　　17．A. Sharp

　　B. Heavy

　　C. Direct

　　D. Bad

　　18．A. able B. probable

　　C. likely

　　D. possible

　　19．A. When

　　B. While

　　C. As

　　D. Since

　　20．A. kindly

　　B. directly

　　C. friendly D. honestly

　　答案与解析　

　　这是一篇议论文。“实事求是”的人办事诚实，注重现实，容易交往。能与实事求是的人打交道实在是一件幸事。美国人还有另外一个词，含义跟“实事求是”几乎一样，那就是“脚踏实地”。

　　1．C　pleasant“令人愉快的，舒适的，和蔼可亲的”。由下文“A person who is down­to­earth is easy to talk to...”以及上文的“honest, practical and easy to deal with”可以推断：遇到实事求是的人是一件令人愉快的事情。

　　2．C　此处前后是顺承关系。实事求是的人很容易与人相处，他们将其他人都视为平等的人。

　　3．D　opposite“相反的”。由修饰someone的定语从句“who acts importantly and proudly”可知，这类人与“a down­to­earth person”的性格相反。

　　4．A　down­to­earth persons可能是“社会上的重要人物”。下句中信息“But they do not let their importance....”也能暗示答案。

　　5．B　他们有可能是重要人物，但并不因此而自负。go to one's head“冲昏头脑，自负，得意洋洋”。

　　6．D　consider... to be“认为……是”，符合句意。

　　7．B　pride“自豪，骄傲”。据说那种自以为是的人常常会毫无理由地趾高气扬。

　　8．A　一个趾高气扬的人是没办法实事求是的。上句信息“...is said to have‘his nose in the air’．”可暗示答案。

　　9．B　the same as“与……一样”。美国人还有另外一种表达方式，含义跟“实事求是”几乎一样，那就是“脚踏实地”。

　　10．D　脚踏实地的人对现实有很好的理解和认识。

　　11．C　common sense“常识”。这类人具备一种被称为“常识”的东西。

　　12．A　这里的“dreams”与上文中的“reality”相对应，说明脚踏实地的人有梦想但不脱离实际。

　　13．C　block是“阻碍”的意思。脚踏实地的人善于把握现实，他们可能有梦想，但不会让这些梦想阻碍他们对现实的认知。

　　14．A　上文说到的是实际的人，这里指与之相反的另一类人。语境表明用one表泛指，指代person，避免重复。后面谓语是单数，故不能选B项。

　　15．B　real“实际的，真实的”。不切实际的人是空想家，他们的想法不在现实世界中。

　　16．B　such“这样的，如此的”。有时有方法让这样一个空想家清醒。

　　17．A　sharp“锐利的”。老师一些尖锐的话常常能将那些爱做白日梦的学生拉回到现实中来。heavy和 direct为中文逻辑；bad words“坏话，粗言秽语”，不合句意。

　　18．C　be likely to do sth.“很可能做某事”。上文提到的“down­to­earth”和“both­feet­on­the­ground”意义相同。19．A　when引导时间状语从句，与后面的“when we are down­to­earth”相呼应，为平行结构。

　　20．D　honestly“真诚地”。文章第一句“...someone or something that is honest, practical and easy to deal with.”可暗示答案。

　　三、阅读理解

　　A

　　A person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work. He may have the idea that he is not capable of it. A child may think he is stupid because he does not understand how to make the most of his mental faculties(机能) ，or he may accept another person's mistaken estimate of his ability. Older people may be handicapped(阻碍) by the mistaken belief that they are incapable of learning anything new because of their age.

　　A person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real effort, because he feels that it would be useless. He won't go at a job with the confidence necessary for success. He is therefore likely to fail, and the failure will strengthen his belief in his incompetence. Alfred Adler, a famous doctor, had an experience which illustrates this. When he was a small boy he got off to a poor start in arithmetic. His teacher got the idea that he had no ability in arithmetic, and told his parents what she thought in order that they would not expect too much of him. In this way, they too developed the idea, “Isn't it too bad that Alfred can't do arithmetic？” He accepted their mistaken estimate of his ability，felt that it was useless to try，and was very poor at arithmetic ，just as they expected.

　　One day Adler succeeded in solving a problem which none of the other students had been able to solve. This gave him confidence. He rejected the idea that he couldn't do arithmetic and was determined to show them that he could. His new found confidence stimulated him to go at arithmetic problems with a new spirit. He now worked with interest, determination and purpose, and he soon became extraordinarily good at arithmetic.

　　This experience made him realize that many people have more ability than they think they have, and that lack of success is as often the result of lack of knowledge of how to apply one's ability, lack of confidence, and lack of determination as it is the result of lack of ability.

　　本文通过一个实例说明：许多人拥有比他们自己所认为的更大的潜能，他们不成功往往是因为不懂如何运用自己的能力，缺乏自信心和决心。

　　1．Why might a person be prevented from doing good work according to the passage?

　　A. Because he thinks he is old enough to make the most of his mental facilities.

　　B. Because he accepts another person's mistaken estimate of his ability.

　　C. Because he has the idea that he is incapable of doing everything.

　　D. Because he believes in what other people think of him.

　　答案　B

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第一段前三句可知答案。

　　2．As a boy, Alfred Adler was poor at arithmetic at first because

　　.

　　A. he lost his self­confidence

　　B. he was weak in thinking

　　C. his parents expected too much of him

　　D. his teacher expected too much of him

　　答案　A

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第二段对Alfred Adler的描述可知，老师认为他算术不行，并告诉他的父母，让他们不要对他抱太大的希望，因此他认为自己就算努力也是徒劳，对自己缺乏信心。

　　3．Which of the following is the most important factor to Alder's success?

　　A. Spirit and experience.

　　B. Interest and self­respect.

　　C. Confidence and determination.

　　D. Purpose and knowledge.

　　答案　C解析　推理判断题。从第三段最后两句以及第四段可知，是自信心和决心使Alfred Adler获得了成功。

　　4．Alder's later experience made him realize that

　　.A. people are not as capable as they think

　　B. people can be more capable than they think

　　C. lack of confidence leads to failure

　　D. lack of ability results in lack of determination

　　答案　B

　　解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“...many people have more ability than they think they have...”可知答案。

　　B

　　Have you ever picked a job based on the fact that you were good at it but later found it made you feel very uncomfortable over time? When you select your career, there's a whole lot more to it than assessing your skills

　　and matching them with a particular position. If you ignore your personality，it will get you a long­term hurt regardless of your skills or the job's pay. There are several areas of your personality that you need to consider to help you find a good job. Here are a few of those main areas ：

　　1) Do you prefer working alone or with other people?

　　There are isolating( 孤立的)jobs that will drive an outgoing person crazy and also interactive jobs that will make a shy person uneasy. Most people are not extremes in either direction but do have a tendency that they prefer. There are also positions that are sometimes a combination of the two, which may be best for someone in the middle who adapts easily to either situation.

　　2)How do you handle change?

　　Most jobs these days have some elements of change to them，but some are more than others. If you need stability in your life，you may need a job where the changes don't happen so often. Other people would be bored of the same daily routine.

　　3)Do you enjoy working with computers?

　　I do see this as a kind of personality characteristic. There are people who are happy to spend more than 40 hours a week on a computer, while there are others who need a lot of human interaction throughout the day. Again, these are extremes and you'll likely find a lot of positions somewhere in the middle as well.

　　4) What type of work environment do you enjoy?

　　This can range from being in a large building with a lot of people you won't know immediately to a smaller setting where you'll get to know almost all the people there fairly quickly.

　　5)How do you like to get paid?

　　Some people are motivated by the pay they get，while others feel too stressed to be like that. The variety of payment designs in the sales industry is a typical example for this.

　　Anyway，these are a great starting point for you. I've seen it over and over again with people that they make more money over time when they do something they love. It may take you a little longer, but making a move to do what you have a passion for can change the course of your life for the better.

　　本文主要讲述的就是在寻找工作的过程中人们要考虑方方面面，尤其要考虑到个性和工作的类型是否匹配。

　　5．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?

　　A. You may ignore your skills when you select job.

　　B. Job skills are the most important things when you select job.

　　C. There are more important things than job skills when you select job.

　　D. Selecting job, you should assess your skills and match them with the position.

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意理解题。根据第一段中“When you select your career, there's a whole lot more to it than assessing your skills

　　and matching them with a particular position. If you ignore your personality，it will get you a long­term hurt regardless of your skills or the job's pay.”可知在选择工作的时候，要考虑很多的东西，不仅要考虑技巧和职位，还要考虑个性。故选C项。

　　6．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A. Isolating jobs usually drive people mad.

　　B. Interactive jobs make people shy easily.

　　C. Extreme people tend to work with others.

　　D. Almost everyone has a tendency in jobs.

　　答案　D

　　解析　是非判断题。根据第二段中“Most people are not extremes in either direction but do have a tendency that they prefer.”可知大多数人的性格不是极端的，但有一定的倾向性，故选D项。

　　7．What is the missing word about a job search in the following chart?

　　A. Design.

　　B. Changes.

　　C. Cooperation.

　　D. Hobbies.

　　答案　C

　　解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“There are isolating jobs that will drive an outgoing person crazy and also interactive jobs that will make a shy person uneasy.”可知，在选择工作的时候要考虑到是否需要和别人合作。故选C项。

　　8．What is the best title for this passage?

　　A. Lifestyles and Job Pay

　　B. Jobs and Environment

　　C. Job Skills and Abilities

　　D. Personalities and Jobs

　　答案　D

　　解析　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中“If you ignore your personality, it will get you a long­term hurt regardless of your skills or the job's pay.”可知本文主要是说个性和工作的关系。故选D项。