2017年高一英语课件 Unit5《Nelson Mandela a modern hero》（新人教版必修1）

　　[比较辨析] 名词 动词 award 奖品，奖金，与prize用法相似 意为“授予、颁发”，常用搭配：award sb.sth.＝award sth.to sb. reward 报酬，奖金或一些非金钱类的报酬 多指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏，常用搭配：reward sb.for (doing) sth. [填一填] Mo Yan was ________ the Nobel Prize for Literature.In his spare time，he has always been ready to help young writers.How can we ________ his kindness? 答案：awarded；reward 9．out of work失业(＝out of a job) [教材原句]　...and I worried about whether I would become out of work. ……而且我担心是否我会失业。 板块二：短语和句型 ①out of control失控 ②out of repair失修 ③out of order有毛病，出故障 ④out of date过时 ⑤out of danger脱险 ⑥out of place不适当 ⑦out of mind心不在焉 ①He must face the reality of being out of work. 他必须正视失业这一现实。 ②The phone at the street corner is out of________again. 街角的电话又坏了。 ③He affected fashions slightly out of________. 他爱穿稍有些过时的衣服。 答案：②order　③date 10．in trouble有麻烦；处于困难中 [教材原句]　Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble. 伊莱亚斯在有麻烦时去见纳尔逊·曼德拉。 ①Please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble. 当你遇到困难时请向警察求助。 ②If you play with dangerous chemicals like that you're just ______________. 如果你这样摆弄危险的化学品，你简直是在自讨苦吃。 ③They took great trouble ________________(persuade) their father to live with them. 他们费了很大的劲才说服父亲和他们住在一起。 答案：②asking for trouble　③to persuade 11．turn to 求助于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向 [教材原句]　Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal? 为什么纳尔逊·曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢？ ①turn in　上交 ②turn around/round转身 ③turn away拒绝；不准……入内 ④turn down关小；拒绝 ⑤turn off/on关掉/打开 ⑥turn over翻身；翻转；移交 ⑦turn up出现；露面；调大 ⑧turn out证明是；结果是 ①You can turn to your teacher for help if you are in trouble. 如果你有麻烦，你可以向你的老师求助。 ②Those who want to go are to______________their applications before Friday. 想去那的人们星期五之前上交他们的申请表。 ③It________he was the General Manager of the company. 结果他是这家公司的总经理。 ④The boy wanted to join the army but was____________because he was under age. 那个男孩想参军，但因为年龄不够被拒绝了。 ⑤Twenty people were expected，but only ten________________. 原期望有20人，但只有10人到场。 答案： ②turn in　③turned out　④turned down　⑤turned up 12．lose heart丧失信心 ①lose one's heart to sb.爱上某人 ②heart and soul 全心全意 ③put one's heart into 一心扑在……上 ④learn sth.by heart背诵，牢记 ①She lost her heart to the handsome guy. 她爱上了这个英俊的小伙子。 ②He failed many times，but he________. 他失败了很多次，但是他并没有失去信心。 ③He is such a person that he likes doing everything that he wants to________(全心全意)． 他是一个做任何他想做的事都要全心全意的人。 ④The boy learned the poem________. 这个男孩背下了这首诗。 ⑤As a matter of fact，nothing is too difficult if you__________it. 事实上，世上无难事，只怕有心人。 答案： ②did not lose heart　③heart and soul　④by heart ⑤put your heart into 13．set up 建立；创立 [教材原句]　Set up law office to help poor black people in Johannesburg... 成立律师事务所去帮助约翰内斯堡贫穷的黑人…… ①The Voice of China has set up a stage where some people can achieve their dreams. 《中国好声音》搭建了一个舞台，在这里一些人可以实现梦想。 ②I should__________what happened regularly day by day. 我应按部就班地一天天接着写下去。 ③He__________helping homeless women and children to places of safety. 他着手帮助把无家可归的妇女和儿童送到安全的地区。 答案： ②set down　③set about 14．Until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 一直到今天，我们还处在几乎没有任何权利的阶段。 where we have almost no rights at all是定语从句，修饰先行词stage。当先行词为stage，case，situation，position等抽象地点名词，且定语从句中缺少状语时，用where引导定语从句。 ①At that time we had reached a stage where we had more black readers than white ones. 那时候我们已到了黑人读者比白人读者还要多的阶段。 ②You could get into a situation________you have to decide immediately. 你可能遇上一种情况，使你不得不立刻作出决定。 ③The baby has reached the stage____________he can stand up. 这个婴儿到了能站立的阶段。 ④We are now in a position____________we can be very successful this year. 现在我们处于一个较好的境况中，今年可能会成功。 答案： ②where　③where　④where 15．...only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. ……只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。 only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要用部分倒装。 ①Only then did I realize the importance of health. 到那时我才意识到健康的重要性。 ②Only in this way________solve the problem. 只有用这种方法你才能解决这个问题。 ③Only when I left my parents for Italy____________how much I loved them. 直到我离开父母去意大利我才意识到我有多么爱他们。 答案： ②can you　③did I realize 16．I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. 第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。 ①I recognized her the moment (that)I saw her. 我一眼就认出了她。 ②______________ I interviewed him，he looked a bit nervous. 我第一次采访他时，他看起来有点紧张。 ③He paid back the money he owed us______________ he returned home. 他一回家就把欠我们的钱还上了。 ④____________ I see the old man in the park，he is absorbed in reading papers. 每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报。 答案：②The first time　③directly/instantly/immediately ④Each time [比较辨析] the first time 用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……” for the first time 是介词短语，只能用作状语，意为“第一次” [填一填] He became interested in the young teacher's lesson________________he attended his class.He was so excited in class__________________. 答案： the first time；for the first time Ⅰ.填入合适的关系副词 1．What is the name of the town________we stayed last night? 2．Please leave the book________it was. 3．This is the reason________he cried. 4．July，________we can go home for a rest, is coming soon. 5．I shall never forget the days________I lived in the country with my parents. 单元语法专练：关系副词引导的定语从句 答案： 1.where　2.where　3.why/for which　4.when/in which　5.when Ⅱ.根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子 1．I have reached a stage in my life____________________make decisions on my own.(suppose) 我已经到了应该自己做出决定的人生阶段。 2．Only when all of us help the people in the earthquake­hit area________________________.(return) 只有当我们所有人都帮助地震灾区的人们时，他们才能很快地恢复正常的生活。 答案：1.where I am supposed to 2．will they return to their normal life quickly 3．Her son，________________________，went abroad last year，leaving her alone in the small village.(devoted) 她非常疼爱的儿子去年去了国外，留下她一个人在小村子里。 4．Mr White________________________for an examination yesterday but he was too busy to come.(come) 怀特先生昨天应该来医院检查，但是他太忙了没有来。 5．He gave the children some chocolate______________.(reward) 他给孩子们一些巧克力来奖励他们的良好表现。 答案： 3．to whom she is so devoted 4．should have come to the hospital 5．to reward them for behaving well/good behaviour 必修1　Unit 1—Unit 5 Unit 5　Nelson Mandela—a modern hero 基 础 梳 理 1．________(n.)　质量；品质；性质 2．________(adj.)吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的 3．________(adj.)慷慨的；大方的 4．________(vt.)建立；建设 5．________(vi.)逃脱；逃走；泄露 6．________(n.)意见；看法；主张 7．________(n.)法则；原则；原理 8．________(n.)亲属；亲戚 9．________(vt.)进攻；攻击；抨击 重点单词 quality mean generous found escape　 opinion principle relative attack 10．________(adj.)积极的；活跃的→________(adv.)积极地→________(n.)活动 11．________(adj.)自私的→________(adj.)无私的；忘我的 12．________(vt.)献身；专心于→________(adj.)忠实的；深爱的 13．________(adj.)怀有希望的；有希望的→________(n.)希望；愿望 14．________(adj.)乐意的；自愿的→__________(adj.)不自愿的；不乐意的 15．________(vt.)教育；训练→________(adj.)受过教育的 active actively activity selfish selfless devote devoted hopeful hope willing unwilling educate educated 16．________(adj.)和平的；平静的；安宁的→__________(adv.)和平地→________(n.)和平；平静；和睦 17．________(adj.)法律的；依照法律的→________(adj.)非法的，违法的 18．________(n.)暴力；暴行→________(adj.)暴力的，猛烈的 19．________(adj.)相等的；平等的→________(n.)平等；相等→________(adv.)同样地；相等地；公平地 20．________(n.)报酬；奖金(vt.)酬劳；奖赏→__________(adj.)值得的；有益的；有回报的 peaceful peacefully peace legal illegal violence violent equal equality equally reward rewarding 1．________________失业 2．________________事实上 3．________________使充气；爆炸 4．______________在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 5．________________求助于；致力于 6．________________丧失勇气或信心 7．________________当权；上台 8．________________设立；建立 9．________________被判处……(徒刑) 10．________________愿意干某事 重点短语 out of work as a matter of fact blow up　 in trouble turn to lose heart come to power　 set up be sentenced to be willing to do 1．The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。 [解读]　where引导定语从句修饰stage。 [仿写]　媒体常常有助于解决问题，吸引注意于需要帮助的境况。 The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations____________________________. 经典句型 答案：where help is needed 2．...only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. ……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。 [解读]　only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装。 [仿写]　只有在他们讨论这个问题好几个小时之后他们才作出决定。 Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours______________________. 答案：did they reach a decision 3．I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. 第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。 [解读]　the first time引导时间状语从句。 [仿写]　我第一次见到她时认为她善良诚实。 I thought her kind and honest______________________. 答案：the first time I met her 突 破 核 心 1．quality n. 质量；品质；性质 [教材原句]　And what qualities does a great person have? 那么伟人有哪些品质呢？ 板块一：核心单词 (1)of good/high quality　质量好 of poor quality质量差 in quality在质量上 (2)quantity n．数量 [见证2017]It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality. 人们普遍认为应该通过综合素质来评价学生。 (2017·福建卷) ①Modesty is one of his good qualities. 谦虚是他的美德之一。 ②We provide goods and services______________. 我们提供优质的产品和服务。 ③We are in need of milk______________. 我们需要高品质的牛奶。 ④He has______________of a successful businessman. 他具备了一个成功商人应具有的所有品质。 ⑤________often matters more than ________. 质量往往比数量更重要。 答案：②of high quality　③of high quality　④all the qualities　⑤Quality；quantity 2．mean adj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的 [教材原句]　mean自私的 (1)be mean with在某方面吝啬 be mean to sb.对某人刻薄 (2)meanv. 意味着；打算 mean to do打算做……；有意做…… mean doing意味着做…… be meant for sb.打算给某人的，为某人而做的 (3)meansn．方法；途径 ①Don't be so mean to your little brother! 别对你弟弟那么刻薄！ ②He is very mean________his money. 他在金钱方面很吝啬。 ③I am terribly sorry.I didn't mean________(hurt) you. 真对不起，我并非有意伤害你。 ④Missing the train means________(wait) for another hour. 赶不上这列火车意味着要再等一小时。 ⑤____________________saying that? 你那么说什么意思？ 答案： ②with　③to hurt　④waiting　⑤What do you mean by 3．devote vt. 献身；专心于 [教材原句]　A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others. 一个伟人是一个致力于帮助别人的人。 ①devote oneself to (doing) sth.献身于……；致力于…… ②devote one's life/time/money/energy to (doing) sth. 把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于…… ③devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的 ④be devoted to (doing) sth.专心于；奉献于…… ⑤devotion n．关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚 [见证2017]You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work. 除非你完全致力于你的工作，否则你将永远不会成功。(2017·湖南卷) ①She devotes all her spare time to doing what she really enjoys. 她将所有的业余时间都用在做她真正喜欢的事情上。 ②The ecologist______________to his research work. 这位生态学家全心倾注于他的研究工作。 ③________ to the study of science，she had little time to take care of her children. 她献身于科学研究，几乎没有时间照看自己的孩子。 ④Her ________ to her career left her with little time to take care of her family. 她全身心投入工作，几乎没有时间来照顾家人。 答案：②devoted himself　③Devoted　④devotion [填一填]　根据提示写出下面带介词to的动词短语 ①________________注意 ②________________习惯于 ③________________坚持 ④________________开始着手(做某事) ⑤________________反对 ⑥________________适应 答案： ①pay attention to　②get used/accustomed to　③stick to　④get down to　⑤object to　⑥adapt (oneself) to 4．vote vt.&vi. 投票；选举　n. 投票；选票 [教材原句]　Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. 当时黑人没有选举权，他们无权选择他们的领导人。 ①vote for/against投票赞成/反对 ②vote on投票表决 ③vote to do sth.表决做某事 ①I may vote for her at the next election. 下届选举我可能选她。 ②I appeal to you to vote________him. 我想请你投他的反对票。 ③We are going to vote________the plan. 我们打算就这一提案进行表决。 答案：②against/for　③on 5．equal adj. 相等的；平等的　vt. 与……相等或相同；比得上 [教材原句]　But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal. 但是我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这能帮助我们实现我们的黑人与白人平等的梦想。 (1)be equal to sth./doing sth.等于/胜任做某事 of equal importance 同等重要的 (2)A equals B in... A在……方面比得上B/与B相匹敌 (3)without equal 无与伦比 (4)equality n. 平等 equally adv. 相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地 [见证2017]If the constitution said that all people were free and equal，then she thought it should apply to her. 如果宪法说所有的人都是自由平等的，那么她认为这也应该适用于她。(2017·山东卷阅读理解C) ①No one equals him in strength. 论力气，无人能和他相比。 ②China calls for promoting ________，mutual trust and mutually beneficial cooperation in international relations. 中国主张在国际关系中弘扬平等互信，合作共赢的精神。 ③He is a man who lacks experience and determination，and I think he is not________ the job. 他是一个缺乏经验和意志薄弱的人，所以我认为他不能胜任这份工作。 ④Anyone，whether he is an official or a bus driver，should be________respected. 任何人，不管是官员还是公交车司机，都应该平等地受到尊敬。 答案： ②equality　③equal to　④equally 6．escape v．&n. 逃脱；逃生；泄露 [教材原句]　It was a prison from which no one escaped. 那是个无人逃跑过的监狱。 (1)escape (doing) sth.逃避(做)某事 escape from 从……逃脱；逃避 escape one's attention/notice 逃过某人的注意 sth. escapes sb.被忘记，记不起 (2)a narrow escape 九死一生；死里逃生 [见证2017]We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured. 我们跑着躲避，不过幸好没有人受伤。(2017·陕西卷短文改错) ①There is no way to escape doing the work. 没办法不干这份工作。 ②Two prisoners have escaped________the prison. 两名犯人从监狱逃走了。 ③He narrowly escaped________________(kill)． 他险些丧命。 ④Believe it or not，I had a______________. 信不信由你，我死里逃生。 ⑤His name______________. 我记不起他的名字了。 答案： ②from　③being killed　④narrow escape　⑤escapes me 7．beg vi.请求；乞求 [教材原句]　All that time my wife and children had to beg for food and help from relatives or friends. 在此期间，我的妻儿只得从亲戚朋友处讨饭吃，并乞求帮助。 (1)beg for乞求得到；请求得到 beg (sb.) to do sth.乞求(某人)做某事 beg sth.of/from sb.＝beg sb.for sth.向某人要(求)某物 beg one's pardon没有听清，请求别人再重复一次的意思，此时多用升调 (2)beggar n. 乞丐 ①They stand by the road begging for money. 他们站在路边讨钱。 ②They begged him________help. 他们向他求援。 ③The child begged________(go)with his mother. 那孩子恳求和他妈妈一起去。 答案： ②for　③to go 8．reward n. 报酬；奖金　vt.酬劳；奖赏 [教材原句]　They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks. 他们说来自新南非政府的那份工作和薪水是对我一生为黑人的平等权利而奋斗的回报。 (1)as a reward for作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏 in reward(for...)作为(……的)报答；作为(……的)奖励 offer sb.a reward for sth.为某事而给某人报酬 (2)reward sb.for...为……酬谢某人 reward sb.with sth.用……酬谢某人 [见证2017]The police will reward whoever provides useful information to catch the robber. 任何人提供有用信息帮助抓住劫匪，警方将予以奖励。(2017·湖北卷) ①He was given a medal________a reward for his bravery. 他因表现勇敢而被授予了一枚奖章。 ②They ________ the boy ________ ￡5 ________ bringing back the lost dog. 他们给了那个男孩五英镑，酬谢他把走失的狗送回来。 答案： ①as　②rewarded；with；for