2016湖南株洲市荷塘区高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（7）及答案

　　阅读理解.。

　　Tom appeared on the sidewalk with a bucket of whitewash and a long-handled brush. He stopped by the fence in front of the house where he lived with his aunt Polly. He looked at it, and all joy left him. The fence was long and high. He put the brush into the whitewash and moved it along the top of the fence. He repeated the operation. He felt he could not continue and sat down.

　　He knew that his friends would arrive soon with all kinds of interesting plans for the day. They would walk past him and laugh. They would make jokes about his having to work on a beautiful summer Saturday. The thought burned him like fire.

　　He put his hand into his pockets and took out all that he owned. Perhaps he could find some way to pay someone to do the whitewashing for him. But there was nothing of value in his pockets —nothing that could buy even half an hour of freedom. So he put the bits of toys back into his pockets and gave up the idea

　　At this dark and hopeless moment, a wonderful idea came to him. It filled his mind with a great, bright light. Calmly he picked up the brush and started again to whitewash.

　　While Tom was working, Ben Rogers appeared. Ben was eating an apple as he walked along the street. As he walked along, he was making noises like the sound of a riverboat. First he shouted loudly, like a boat captain. Then he said “Ding-Dong-Dong”, “Ding-Dong-Dong” again and again, like the bell of a riverboat. And he made other strange noises. When he came close to Tom, he stopped.

　　Tom went on whitewashing. He did not look at Ben. Ben stared a moment and then said: “Hello! I’m going swimming, but you can’t go, can you?”

　　No answer. Tom moved his brush carefully along the fence and looked at the result with the eye of an artist. Ben came nearer. Tom’s mouth watered for the apple, but he kept on working.

　　Ben said, “Hello, old fellow, you’ve got to work, hey?”

　　Tom turned suddenly and said, “Why, it’s you, Ben! I wasn’t noticing.”

　　“Say —I’m going swimming. Don’t you wish you could? But of course you’d rather work — wouldn’t you? Of course you would.”

　　Tom looked at the boy a bit, and said “What do you call work?”

　　“Why, isn’t that work?”

　　Tom went back to his whitewashing, and answered carelessly.

　　“Well, maybe it is, and maybe it isn’t. All I know is, it suits Tom Sawyer.”

　　“Oh come, now, you don’t mean to say that you like it?”

　　The brush continued to move.

　　“Like it? Well, I don’t see why I shouldn’t like it. Does a boy get a chance to whitewash a fence every day?”

　　Ben stopped eating his apple. Tom moved his brush back and forth, stepped back to look at the result, added a touch here and there, and stepped back again. Ben watched every move and got more and more interested. Soon he said,

　　“Say, Tom, let me whitewash a little.”

　　Tom thought for a moment, was about to agree; but he changed his mind.

　　“No —no —it won’t do, Ben. You see, Aunt Polly wants this fence to be perfect. It has got to be done very carefully. I don’t think there is one boy in a thousand, maybe two thousand, that can do it well enough.”

　　“No —is that so? Oh come, now —let me just try. Only just a little.” “Ben, I’d like to, but if it isn’t done right, I’m afraid Aunt Polly … ”

　　“Oh, I’ll be careful. Now let me try. Say —I’ll give you the core of my apple.”

　　“Well, here —No, Ben, now don’t. I’m afraid …”

　　“I’ll give you all of it.”

　　Tom gave up the brush with unwillingness on his face, but joy in his heart. And while Ben worked at the fence in the hot sun, Tom sat under a tree, eating the apple, and planning how to get more help. There were enough boys. Each one came to laugh, but remained to whitewash. By the time Ben was tired, Tom sold the next chance to Billy for a kite; and when Billy was tired, Johnny bought in for a dead rat —and so on, hour after hour. And when the middle of the afternoon came, Tom had won many treasures.

　　And he had not worked. He had had a nice idle time all the time, with plenty of company －and the fence had been whitewashed three times. If he hadn’t run out of whitewash, Tom would have owned everything belonging to his friends.

　　He had discovered a great law of human action, namely, that in order to make a man or a boy want a thing, it is only necessary to make the thing difficult to get.

　　1. How many characters are mentioned in this story?

　　A. 4

　　B. 5

　　C. 6

　　D. 7

　　2. Why did Tom take all his bits of toys out of his pockets?

　　A. Because he is tired and wanted to play with his toys.

　　B. Because he wanted to throw his toys away.

　　C. Because he wanted to give his toys to his friends.

　　D. Because he wanted to know if he could buy help with his toys.

　　3. Tom was about to agree to let Ben whitewash when he changed his mind because ______.

　　A. Tom wanted to do the whitewashing by himself

　　B. Tom planned to make Ben give up his apple first

　　C. Tom was unwilling to let Ben do the whitewashing

　　D. Tom was afraid Ben would do the whitewashing better.

　　4. We can learn from the passage that ________.

　　A. Tom was interested in whitewashing the fence.

　　B. Tom had a lot of friends who are ready to help others.

　　C. Tom was unwilling to whitewash the fence, but he managed to let other boys do it for him

　　D. Tom was good at whitewashing the fence, so he looked at the result of his work with the eye of an artist.

　　5. What made Ben Rogers eagerly gave up his apple and offer to brush the fence for Tom?

　　A. His warm heart and kindness to friends. B. His curiosity about Tom’s brushing job.

　　C. Tom’s threat.

　　D. Aunt Polly’s idea]

　　6. Which of the following is the most suitable title for this passage?

　　A. The Happy Whitewasher

　　B. Tom And His Fellows

　　C. Whitewashing A Fence

　　D. How To Make The Things Difficult To Get

　　【参考答案】1—6、BDBCBA

　　阅读理解。

　　The summer I was ten, my mother decided to bring us to the world of art. My brother and I were not very excited when we realized what my mother meant. What she meant was not that we could take drawing classes or painting classes but that we would have to spend one afternoon a week with her at the Fine Arts Museum. Before each visit to the museum, she made us read about artists and painting styles(风格). It was almost as bad as being in school. Who wants to spend the summer thinking about artists when you could be with your friends at the swimming pool?

　　First we had to read about ancient Egyptians(古埃及人) and their strange way of painting faces and then go to look at them at the museum. My 12-year-old brother thought this was so funny, but I was not interested. Later we had to learn about artists in the Middle Ages who painted people wearing strange long clothing. We had to look at pictures of fat babies with wings and curly (鬈曲的) hair and with no clothes on flying around the edges of paintings. I certainly couldn't see what was so great about art.

　　On our last visit to the museum, something happened when I saw a painting by a woman called Mary. In it, a woman was reading to a child. The colors were soft and gentle, and you could tell by the mother' s expression how happy she was just to be with the child. I couldn't stop looking at this painting ! I wanted to see every painting Mary had ever made! It was really worth looking at so many paintings to find a painter who could interest me so much.

　　1. The aim of the mother' s plan was to _________.

　　A. take them to visit the museum

　　B. introduce them to the world of art

　　C. ask them to read about artists

　　D. show them different painting styles

　　2. What was the writer' s experience in the museum before the last visit?

　　A. She came to feel her mother' s love.

　　B. She liked many paintings.

　　C. She hardly enjoyed herself.

　　D. She could understand the pictures of fat babies.

　　3. What made the writer go through a change that summer?

　　A. One of Mary's paintings.

　　B. A strange way of painting.

　　C. Artists in the Middle Ages.

　　D. Her mother' s instruction.

　　4. From the text, we can see _________.

　　A. the importance of curiosity

　　B. the effect of art

　　C. the value of learning

　　D. the power of family education

　　【参考答案.B

　　2.C

　　3.A

　　4.B

　　阅读理解。

　　My father was chief engineer of a merchant ship ，which was sunk in world war ？？？the book night of the U-boats told the story。

　　Memories

　　In September ，1940，my mother ,sister and I went to Swansea ,where my father ‘s ship was getting ready to sail ,we brought him a family photography to be kept with him at all times and keep him safe .

　　Then I remember my mother lying face down ,sobbing .she had heard from a friend that the ship had been sunk by a torpedo (鱼雷).

　　I can remember the arrived of the telegram（电板），which in those days always brought bad news .my grandmother opened it ,it read ,safe .love ted.”

　　My most vivid memory is being woken and brought down to sit on my father’s knee, his arm in a bandage.

　　He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war, for as long as I can remember ,he had a weak heart ,mother said it was caused by the torpedoes .he said it was because of the cigarette ,whichever ,he died suddenly in his early 50s.

　　Ten years later I read night of the U-boat and able to complete the story .

　　A toast

　　In my room is the book and the photograph .often , glass in hand, I have wondered how I would have dealt with an explosion ,a sinking ship ,a jump into a vast ocean and a wait for rescue ?lest (以免 )we forget ,I have some more whisky and toast the heroes of the war.

　　(

　　) 1. We can infer that the mother and children went to Swansea ______.

　　A. to meet a friend

　　B. to see the father

　　C. to take a family

　　D. to enjoy the sailing of the ship

　　(

　　) 2.W hat did the author learn about the father from the telegram ?

　　A. he was still alive

　　B. his knee was broken

　　C. his ship had been sunk

　　D. he had arrived in Glasgow

　　(

　　) 3.the underlined word “it” in paragraph 6 refers to the father’s _____ .

　　A. weak heart

　　B. taking a shore job

　　C. failure to return

　　D. injury caused by a torpedo

　　(

　　) 4.What can we know about the author’s father after his ship was attacked?

　　A. he lost his arm

　　B. he repaired the engines

　　C. he managed to take a lifeboat

　　D. he was the last to leave the ship

　　(

　　) 5. What is the passage mainly about?

　　A. a group of forgotten heroes

　　B. a book describing a terrifying battle

　　C. a ship engineer’s wartime experience

　　D. a merchant’s memories of a sea rescue

　　文章大意：文章介绍父亲经历的沉船事件

　　1. B 推理判断题。找到Memories下面第一段，文章讲到父亲从S起航，我们带给他family photograph目的是be kept with him和keep him safe,推断出我们是去给父亲送行

　　2. A

　　细节理解题。Telegram 定位，找到Memories 下面第三段，电报内容：safe,确定A

　　3. A 代词指代词。父亲说it是由cigarettes引起，母亲说it由torpedoes引起，it只代前文的week heart.

　　4. D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段首句he was alone 确定D

　　5. C 主旨大意题，C正确。其它选项错误原因：A, forgotten heroes 在文中都没有涉及；B terrible battle 没有提；D merchant’s memories应该是作者（merchant’s child 的 memories）

　　阅读理解请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　We know the famous ones—the Thomas Edison and the Alexander Graham Bells —but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)？Shouldn’t we know who they are?

　　Joan Mclean thinks so. In fact, Mclean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that she’s developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning “who” invented “what”, however, Mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to the “why” and ”how” questions. According to Mclean,” When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”

　　So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City. The day was cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to see the sights, so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield, she found herself wondering why there couldn’t be a built-in device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever(操作杆)on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper.

　　Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations，It’s hard to imagine driving without Garrett A Morgan’s traffic light. It’s equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J. Blodgett’s innovation that makes glass invisible, Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses?

　　(

　　) 1. By mentioning “traffic light” and “windshield wiper”, the author indicates that countless inventions are

　　.

　　A. beneficial, because their inventors are famous

　　B. beneficial, though their inventors are less famous

　　C. not useful, because their inventors are less famous

　　D. not useful, though their inventors are famous

　　(

　　) 2. Professor Joan McLean’s course aims to_____.

　　A. add color and variety to students’ campus life

　　B. inform students of the windshield wiper’s invention

　　C. carry out the requirements by Mountain University

　　D. prepare students to try their own invention

　　(

　　) 3. Tommy Lee’s invention of the unbreakable umbrella was _________.

　　A. not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer

　　B. inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper

　　C. due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm

　　D. not related to Professor Joan McLean’s lectures

　　(

　　) 4. Which 0f the following can best serve as the title of this passage?

　　A

　　How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers?

　　B

　　How to Design a Built-in Device for Cleaning the Window?

　　C

　　Shouldn’t We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper?

　　D

　　Shouldn’t We Develop Invention Courses in Universities?

　　　A篇

　　第一篇文章是关于生活中离不开小发明，鼓励年轻人要善于把握发明的契机，推动社会的进步。

　　56.观点态度题，根据第一段but 处：but what about the less famous inventers? What about….windshield wiper? 可以得出结论。这些人的发明不是很有名，确实非常有用的。答案为B。

　　57. 细节题。根据题干可以定位到原文第二段，However处正是考点出题处，引号当中的内容正是证明了Mclean的观点：when students learn the answers to these questions,….prepared to recognize…inventing a try.由此可以看出选项D正是原文的同义替换。

　　58.细节题。根据题干中的人物Tommy lee可以定位到原文第三段，引号当中正是他的观点：If I had not heard the story of the windshield wiper’s invention…..i never would have….，可以判断出答案B正确。

　　59.主旨题。文章一开头就点出文章主旨：shouldn’t we know who they are?并且用了疑问句加强语气，可见C选项正确。其他三个选项都相对片面。

　　完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。

　　The three youths leaned over the metal rails along the sea-wall and watched a few fishermen pull in their nets. About thirty metres away, a boat pulled alongside the slippery steps leading 1

　　to the sea.

　　“Hey, look!” exclaimed Rahim. “Those two men are2

　　heavy rocks. I thought we no longer do muscle labour in this technological

　　3

　　. ”

　　“They are 6

　　laborers who know how to spread the weight of the rocks they

　　7

　　. See how the man positions the rock just at the slope of his 8

　　. Some of the rock’s weight is set

　　9

　　his head, some on the right hand and some on the left hand. His body isn’t bent. His legs are well10

　　. ”

　　“You’re right, Josh. He may have a small build.

　　11

　　he certainly well knows his job. Dear me! And to think we have been studying

　　12

　　! ” Rahim thought about all that was happening. Suddenly, he said, “Technology won’t

　　13

　　the human being completely, it appears.”

　　“I don’t think it will.” 14

　　Joshua. “You can harvest a crop of potatoes or wheat with one of those large, multi-purpose tractors, but you

　　15

　　use that equipment to harvest lea leaves and tomatoes, will you?”

　　“You can get a computer to

　　16

　　multiple-choice assessments, but you cannot get the computer to produce of assess essays, can you?” asked Michael.

　　“Well, the washing machine leaves my shirt collar quite as

　　17

　　as ever --- that’s domestic technology for you!” said Rahim.

　　“One day, perhaps, there won’t be anybody

　　18

　　who can carry a large rock the way those men do. It’s not going to be a very 19

　　world, I’m afraid.” Sighed Michael.

　　“You’re too much of a pessimist (悲观主义者)，Mike.” Said Joshua. “

　　will always be other things that will make the world exciting. ”

　　(

　　) 1. A. through

　　B. across

　　C. down

　　D. up

　　(

　　) 2. A. loading

　　B. unloading

　　C. covering

　　D. uncovering

　　(

　　) 3. A. way

　　B. revolution

　　C. process

　　D. era

　　(

　　) 4. A. ask

　　B. expect

　　C. attempt

　　D. hope

　　(

　　) 5. A. happen

　　B. fail

　　C. have

　　D. seem

　　(

　　) 6. A. ambitious

　　B. experienced

　　C. potential

　　D. energetic

　　(

　　) 7. A. take

　　B. fetch

　　C. carry

　　D. bring

　　(

　　) 8. A. shoulder

　　B. back

　　C. chest

　　D. arms

　　(

　　) 9. A. on

　　B. against

　　C. toward

　　D. under

　　(

　　) 10. A. supported

　　B. grasped

　　C. placed

　　D. strengthened

　　(

　　) 11. A. but

　　B. however

　　C. so

　　D. therefore

　　(

　　) 12. A. chemistry

　　B. physics

　　C. biology

　　D. psychology

　　(

　　) 13. A. control

　　B. affect

　　C. remove

　　D. replace

　　(

　　) 14. A. agreed

　　B. proposed

　　C. refused

　　D. denied

　　(

　　) 15. A. can’t

　　B. mustn’t

　　C. won’t

　　D. needn’t

　　(

　　) 16. A. point out

　　B. take out

　　C. hand out

　　D. print out

　　(

　　) 17. A. dirty

　　B. clean

　　C. old

　　D. new

　　(

　　) 18. A. caught

　　B. arranged

　　C. left

　　D. convinced

　　(

　　) 19. A. exciting

　　B. mysterious

　　C. technological

　　D. modern

　　(

　　) 20. A. That

　　B. This

　　C. They

　　D. There

　　本文是一篇观点独特的哲理小品，讲述的是三个年轻人在看到两个码头工人卸运石头之后的，引发的他们之间的一段对话。告诉我们在这个世界上尽管科技越来越发达，但还是代替不了人类的劳动。

　　. C

　　leading down to 可以向下滑动的台阶是方便船只卸货的，down 向下的，lead to 通向…….

　　. B

　　unloading 卸货，下一段有提示，前后呼应。

　　3. D

　　era

　　时代

　　. B

　　expect 预料，想到。

　　. D

　　seem to do sth.

　　看起来如何……

　　. B

　　从下文可知他们是有经验的（experienced）工人。

　　. C

　　动词辨析。carry 不强调动作的方向，强调搬运 ( carry ) 的物体较重。

　　. A

　　本题与上文的carry (扛，搬运)对应。

　　. B

　　set against 使……平衡。

　　. C

　　be well

　　placed

　　使….放置平衡、恰当。这里指注意姿势，使双腿保持平衡。

　　. A

　　but 表示转折。由下文可知，他个子不大，体格不够强壮（He is a small build）, 但他肯定非常了解自己的工作，这样才能弥补自身的缺陷。干扰项是B

　　“however”，做“可是”意思讲时是副词，不可引导从句。

　　. B

　　工人们所讲的都是有关力的作用和平衡的知识，当然属物理 (physics) 范畴。

　　. D

　　由全文可知技术无法替代（replace）人类的劳动，这是文章的主旨之所在。

　　. A

　　由上下文可知，Joshua 也赞同（agree）他的观点。

　　. C

　　反义疑问句，由本句末的 will you 可知。

　　. D

　　print out 打印出

　　. A

　　由生活常识可知。

　　. C

　　left 是形容词，表示“剩下的”意思，做后置定语。

　　. A

　　从文章最后一句话可知。

　　. D

　　There be 结构。