黄石市2016高考英语一轮阅读理解和书面表达选练（7）及答案

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　In June, 2007, a group of students from eight high schools in Winnipeg, the capital of Canada’s Manitoba province, will begin test-launching (试发射) a satellite the size of a Rubik’s cube.

　　The one-kilogram Win-Cube satellite, named for its home city and its shape, will be put into low orbit. Once in space, it can perform for a few months or up to several years, communicating information that could help find the early signs of earthquakes.

　　There are 80 similar satellite projects worldwide, but this is the first high-school based program of its kind in Canada. 30 Manitoba high school students are having a hand in designing and building the satellite, in cooperation with aerospace (航空航天的) experts and 10 students from the University of Manitoba, and with support from two other organizations.

　　The Win-Cube project is not something that goes on a piece of paper, it is real-world engineering, allowing high school students to have an opportunity to learn more about the exciting world of engineering through their participation in this challenging program. It is also taken as a wonderful example of the unique partnerships within Manitoba. Designing, building and launching a satellite with high-school participation will bring this world-class educational project into reality and Manitoba closer to space.

　　“These Manitoba high school students deserve congratulations for their enthusiasm, innovation (创新), and a strong love for discovery," said Education, Citizenship and Youth Minister Peter Bjonson. “We want to make science more relevant (相关的), interesting and attractive to high school students by showing them how classroom studies can relate to practical experience in the workplace or, in this case, in space," Bjonson added.

　　The Win-Cube program is mainly aimed at inspiring a strong desire for discovery on the part of the students. It also shows Manitoba’s devotion to research and innovation and the development of a skilled workforce—all important drivers of knowledge-based economic growth.

　　1. According to the passage, the Win-Cube satellite is　.　

　　A. named after Manitoba and its shape

　　B. intended for international communication

　　C. designed like a Rubik’s cube both in shape and size

　　D. challenged by university students around the world

　　2. According to Mr. Bjonson,　.　

　　A. those Manitoba high school students are worth praising

　　B. the study of space can be practically made in classrooms

　　C. Manitoba high schools are famous for the study of space

　　D. scientific research is too far away from high school students

　　3. The primary purpose of the project is to　.　

　　A. find the early signs of earthquakes

　　B. relate studies to practical experience

　　C. help high school students study real-world engineering

　　D. inspire a strong desire for discovery among the students

　　4. The best title for this passage may be　.　

　　A. Manitoba School　 B. Win-Cube Program

　　C. Space Cooperation　D. Satellite Launching

　　【参考答案】1-4 CADB

　　阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　(2017·海淀区期末，C)

　　The early lack of exposure to science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) can be harmful to achieving gender (性别) balance in these fields. It begins when we are young and continues throughout our time in high school.

　　While at home, girls generally don't get to experience the level of exposure or encouragement in STEM fields that their male counterparts do. It is often subtle, but it's the first hurdle that faces and confuses so many women.

　　Boys, on the other hand, get on their path, and are encouraged to do so, generally earlier than girls. For example, boys are more often given science sets as toys, which spark an interest in these subjects.

　　In school, boys are often pushed to take the more challenging math and science classes. So if we want to attract the best and brightest minds into the fields that will advance us as a people, a country, and a planet, we can no longer look to only half of the population. Young girls cannot possibly consider opportunities they do not know exist. If girls are not exposed to certain subject and career paths, they are highly unlikely to choose to follow them in college.

　　Our bias (偏见) toward girls, either from families or from schools, is so rooted in our culture that we often don't even recognize it. Although the situation has changed greatly in the past 20 or 30 years, there is still a sense, that girls aren't as good at math, for instance, even though there is almost no evidence to support such a belief.

　　It is important that as a society we deal with gender stereotypes long before young people are faced with a decision to declare or choose a major in college. Without making efforts to break them, we are limiting the potentials of our youth, both male and female. Providing the necessary resources, exposure, and encouragement would help young women understand that their gender shouldn't determine the career path they choose, and that pursuing a STEM career does not make them less feminine.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。由于受传统偏见的影响，女孩最终进入STEM(科学、技术、工程、数学)领域的人数不多，直接导致了这些领域中男女比例失衡。作者呼吁，让更多的女性参与到STEM领域中去。

　　9．According to the passage, not many girls grow to enter STEM fields because ________.

　　A．girls are not as good at STEM as boys

　　B．girls do not like to take science classes

　　C．girls get fewer chances to know about STEM

　　D．girls seldom survive the high pressure positions

　　答案：C　细节理解题。根据文章第二、三段可知，由于对女孩的偏见，无论在家还是在学校，女孩在了解STEM方面的机会比男孩要少，这就是女孩进入STEM领域人数很少的原因。故答案选C。

　　10．The underlined word “it” in Para. 4 refers to ________.

　　A．our bias

　　B．our culture

　　C．the situation

　　D．a sense

　　答案：A　指代判断题。画线词前面提到，我们对女孩的偏见不是来自家庭，就是来自学校，在我们的文化中根深蒂固，而我们却经常对此不承认。由此可推知，不承认的内容是“我们对女孩的偏见”，因此，it指代的就是our bias。故答案选A。

　　11．The main purpose of the passage is to ________.

　　A．show women's potentials in STEM fields

　　B．praise women's contributions to STEM fields

　　C．describe the present gender bias in STEM fields

　　D．call for more involvement of women in STEM fields

　　答案：D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句中的“... help young women understand that their gender shouldn't determine the career path they choose, and that pursuing a STEM career does not make them less feminine.”并结合全文可知，文章主要目的是为了呼吁更多的女性参与到STEM领域中。故答案选D。

　　12．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

　　CP：Central Point　P：Point　Sp：Subpoint (次要点)

　　C：Conclusion

　　答案：D　细节理解题。浏览全文可知，第一段是中心段，提出了问题，起到了总领下文的作用；而第二段和第三段分别谈到在家和在学校的情况，两段是并列平行关系；第四段是对第二段和第三段的总结；最后一段是文章的结论部分。因此，D项符合题意。故答案选D。

　　阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　(2017·兰州市诊断，B)

　　“I like your smile, but unlike you put your shoes on my face”. A charming way of saying “Keep off the grass”. But could you figure it out? Or this: “Wash Clothing Store” for laundry.

　　They are both typical Chinglish, a combination of English vocabulary and Chinese grammar. Expressions such as “people mountain people sea”， means extremely crowded, and “give you some color to see”， meaning a punishment, are widely known and recognized.

　　Chinglish has been attracting global attention in recent years as China grows rapidly in stature on the world stage, attracting both fans and detractors.

　　The Beijing Speaks Foreign Languages Programme and English First China Company, a language trainer known as EF Education, jointly launched a campaign to root out poor grammar and misused vocabulary in downtown Beijing. They argue Chinglish is an embarrassment that we

　　should let it die out at all costs.

　　“It is meaningful, to allow the capital show its most beautiful historical and cultural heritage

　　to the world.” Michael Lu, vicepresident of EF Education said, “since the launching of the campaign, foreign teachers and students had been very keen to volunteer participation.” He

　　believed signs were very important in public services. “The signs in some old buildings confused

　　foreign visitors.”

　　Chinglish, although the target of much criticism, has also won supporters who regard it as an interesting way for foreigners to learn how Chinese people think and express themselves.

　　“Many Chinglish logos carry Chinese elements and they will enrich the English language，” 32yearold Oliver Radtke said. He had even published a book “Chinglish: Found in Translation，” on the subject. About 50 000 copies of the book have been sold since it was published in 2007.

　　Some Chinese university experts also side with Chinglish. ?English has absorbed elements from other languages such as French and Spanish in its growth, and the emergence of Chinglish again testifies to the language's vitality and inclusiveness，” said Shi Anbin, an associate professor of Tsinghua University.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了中国式英语在中国的发展及应用，并列举了人们对其不同的看法和理解。

　　13．How did Chinglish come into being?

　　A．Chinese people misunderstood the meaning of the new words.

　　B．Chinese people combined English vocabulary with Chinese grammar.

　　C．Chinese people based their English on the native English speakers.

　　D．Chinese people make wide use of English vocabulary with bad spelling.

　　答案：B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“They are both typical Chinglish, a combination of English vocabulary and Chinese grammar.”可知，答案选B。

　　14．What Shi Anbin said means ________.

　　A．there are many French and Spanish words in English

　　B．English is the language with vitality and inclusiveness

　　C．Chinglish enriches English and shouldn't be got rid of

　　D．Chinglish has greater effect on English than French and Spanish

　　答案：C　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，Shi Anbin支持中国式英语。由“English has absorbed elements from other languages such as French and Spanish in its growth, and the emergence of Chinglish again testifies to the language's vitality and inclusiveness”可推知，Shi Anbin认为中国式英语的存在证明了英语是一种包容性很强的语言，中国式英语能像法语和西班牙语一样使英语变得丰富。故答案选C。

　　15．According to Oliver Radtke, Chinglish ________.

　　A．shows how Chinese people think

　　B．does damage to the English language

　　C．shows the great humor of Chinese people

　　D．should be sold to all over the world

　　答案：A　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段第一句可知，中国式英语带有中国元素。由此可推知，中国式英语体现了中国人的思维。故答案选A。

　　书面表达

　　近来，光明中学开展了一项以“节约能源资源”为主题的活动。假如你是李华，请根据下图写一篇英语短文。

　　要求：

　　1．阐述图片的主旨要义；

　　2．根据生活经验，提出节约能源资源的有效措施；

　　3．结合自身提出两条合理化的建议。

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

　　One possible version：

　　Recently an activity was organized to save energy resources in Guangming Middle School.

　　The reason is that our earth is suffering so much that it can't support it.As we know, the natural energy is running out because the population is growing faster than before. Besides，they also need more farmlands to build houses, factories and something else, thus reducing the farmland, on which more cities and towns are built. Meanwhile, we have caused much environmental pollution, such as air pollution and greenhouse effect. What's worse, the supply of fresh water has gradually diminished.

　　Therefore, we should do what we can to save energy. For instance, we can reduce, reuse, recycle and recover, like reusing paper and bottles, turning off the light timely.

　　书面表达

　　8月10日，某学校组织七班学生前往火车站开展了志愿者活动(打扫卫生、信息咨询、引路指示、扶老携幼等)。假定你是该校广播站的一名记者，请按照下列要点写一篇120词左右的资讯报道。

　　1. 时间、地点、活动；

　　2. 乘客们的反应。

　　注意：报道标题和记者姓名已给出，不计入总词数。

　　Student Volunteers Brighten the Railway Station

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　By Liu Fang, Campus Radio Station

　　One possible version：

　　Student Volunteers Brighten the Railway Station

　　On August 10th, students from Class 7 did voluntary work at the railway station. They were well organized and they had been divided into four groups. On their arrival, they were warmly welcomed by the party secretary of the railway station. Then they quickly got to the voluntary work with the first group sweeping and cleaning the floor, the second group answering the questions from the passengers, the third group showing the way to the train and the fourth group bringing along with children and the old.

　　They worked from seven to twelve, unaware of tiredness. Their politeness and help left a deep impression on the passengers and the stations' staff.

　　They were very happy that day, smile and contentment on their face. What a meaningful and happy day!

　　By

　　Liu

　　Fang,

　　Campus

　　Radio

　　Station

　　书面表达

　　某中学计划增加一门英美文学鉴赏课，消息一出立即引起了同学们的广泛讨论。假设你是该校的一名学生，请你根据下表写一篇文章反映学生们的意见。

　　支持者30% 反对者70%

　　1.能在短时间内了解名著，扩大阅读量。

　　2.可以提高阅读能力和写作能力。 1.增加学生负担，没时间阅读。2.只能粗略了解名著，不能领会其精髓。

　　要求：

　　1．如实反映图表内容，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯；

　　2．词数120左右；

　　3．谈谈你自己的看法。

　　参考词汇：精髓 essence

　　One possible version：

　　Recently word came that our school is planning to open a new subject, known as Appreciation of British and American Literature. It soon causes a discussion among my fellow students.

　　Students who are in favour of it make up 30% of all. They think they can know many world­famous great books in a short time. Meanwhile, they can benefit a lot from reading, such as improving the reading ability as well as writing ability. They can expand their reading.

　　But the other 70% of the students hold a different opinion. Now that they have so many subjects to learn, they won't have time to read the books, which must be a burden. Besides, they can't grasp the essence of the books.

　　For me, I strongly support the school to provide the opportunity to read the great books.