2016重庆万州市高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（4）及答案

　　【2017高考复习】阅读理解As China becomes increasingly urbanized (城市化的)，it has to find space for its urban and rural citizens as both groups become increasingly integrated.

　　Experts suggest a possible model way may be re­inventing a “garden city”．

　　China's mega­cities are bursting at the borders and the

　　country is now undergoing the quickest and biggest urbanization

　　in the history of mankind. It is estimated that by 2025, China

　　will have 400 million more people living in its cities, raising

　　its urban population to 900 million.

　　Besides, new satellite

　　towns are mushrooming on the urban fringes while city ring

　　roads are rippling outwards into the countryside at amazing

　　speed. Satellite maps collected by Professor Joshua Bolchover

　　at the University of Hong Kong bring the problem sharply into

　　focus. They track the changing rural­urban framework in the

　　past 30 years, and suggest that cities are cruelly destroying

　　surrounding rural land and rapidly reducing the amount of

　　arable(可耕种的)land, which gives way to new residential

　　blocks, new industrial zones, new financial centers and the

　　other inevitable signs and signatures of economic growth.

　　This,

　　however,

　　is

　　not

　　sustainable

　　growth

　　pattern, especially when China has the world's largest population to

　　feed. So concerned urban planners are starting to note the

　　social and physical effects of diaspora(大移居)when replaced

　　rural communities are forced into the cities.

　　On the other hand, a trend of thought is gradually taking shape and this is the concept of the “garden city”， a combination of country and city that is being proposed by architects and city planners. Hua Li, from Tao Architects, is among the many professionals with such a voice. His argument is supported by a long­term study on this subject. As Hua says, the answer is to preserve patches of productive farmland within urban boundaries. Less transportation means we have fresh agricultural products at lower costs and less carbon emission in the city. And urban farmland can also be showcased for agricultural tourism and education.

　　The concept is already practiced at grass roots level.Agriculture has gone into the air, up to roof and balcony in some communities in the cities. It's common to see organic

　　“hanging garden” on the roof of some traditional courtyard home. According to some people, the rooftop project translates into practical benefits, such as safe, nutritious vegetables and a cooler home in summer. Some say thanks to the tomatoes they plant that are natural insect killers, there're fewer mosquitoes. Apart from these, it also contributes to better bonding with neighbors. Zhang, a doctor in Beijing, began creating his hanging garden five years ago. Since his garden became home to 30 kinds of vegetables and fruit—all enough to feed his family, neighbors have enjoyed dropping by for a relaxing chat or just to see how well the lovely vegetables and fruit are growing.

　　Although people like Zhang are still rare and the greening of roof space with vegetables and fruit takes skill and energy，with more positive media exposure and advanced technology there is the prospect that garden city will become common practice in the near future. By then, cities will no longer look so gray when seen from the satellites.

　　【语篇解读】 中国的城市化进程不断加快，这是一个我们不得不面对的现实。如果不能较好地应对，这对我们来说将是个灾难。城市和农村将如何融合共生？

　　1．Some experts suggest re­inventing a “garden city” because________.

　　A．it is the only model way to save the cities

　　B．it helps stop destroying the rural areas

　　C．increasing urbanization takes place in China

　　D．China has the largest population to feed

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句的内容可知，专家提议重建花园城市是因为中国的城市化进程在不断加快。

　　答案　C

　　2．What is the purpose of Paragraph 2?

　　A．To show the experts' concern about the increase of population.

　　B．To persuade people into supporting economic growth in cities.

　　C．To explain the reasons for the change of rural­urban framework.

　　D．To inform the readers of the consequences of quick urbanization.

　　解析　推理判断题。根据第二段的描述可知，中国城市化进程不断加快，由此导致可耕地的大面积减少。故第二段的目的在于告知读者城市化进程所带来的后果。

　　答案　D

　　3．In Hua Li's opinion, a combination of country and city will________.

　　A．benefit the environment and lower living costs

　　B．become a project that needs a long­term study

　　C．lead to more rural communities being replaced

　　D．attract more farmers to take tours in cities

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“Less transportation means we have fresh agricultural products at lower costs and less carbon emission in the city.”可知，城乡结合既保护了环境又降低了生活成本。

　　答案　A

　　4．As for the concept of the“garden city”，the writer feels________.

　　A．desperate

　　B．hopeful

　　C．disappointed

　　D．concerned

　　解析　态度意图题。根据最后一段中的“there is the prospect that garden city will become common practice in the near future”可知，作者认为花园城市的构想是可行的，在不久的将来会成为现实，故作者对此充满希望。

　　答案　B

　　A

　　Temperature is measured by means of a thermometer (温度计). One general form of thermometer depends upon the fact that most solids and liquids expand as their temperature rises. There are one or two exceptions. There is, for instance, a kind of steel called invar (from “invariable”) which does not change its dimensions as temperature changes; it is valuable for making pendulums (钟摆), since, if the length of a pendulum changes, its time of vibration changes. It is also used for making very accurate measuring scales. In both cases, then, changes of atmospheric temperature have no effect if invar is used.

　　Another exception is that very odd liquid, water, which has many strange properties (特性). As water gets colder it contracts (收缩), which is ordinary behavior, until it reaches the temperature of 30℃. above freezing point. After that, as it gets colder, it expands. This is fortunate---for considering the freezing of a pond. As the water on top gets colder, it shrinks; and so, volume for volume, it becomes heavier and sinks. This goes on until all the pond is at 30℃, but after that, as the water becomes colder it expands. Therefore the colder water stays on top and freezes, covering the pond with ice. If the water went on contracting down to the freezing point, the pond would become a solid block of ice in the end. This would not worry people who live in hot climates, but it would be very serious for those who live in cold climates, especially for those who want to break the ice and catch fish which live in the cold water beneath.

　　1. Invar is valuable for making pendulums because _______.

　　A. it can hardly change its shape or size as temperature changes.

　　B. it will change its dimensions without the change of temperature.

　　C. its time of vibration doesn’t change if its length changes.

　　D. its time of vibration does not change if its length changes.

　　2. As water gets colder after reaching the temperature of 30℃. it will _______.

　　A. contract

　　B. shrink

　　C. expand

　　D. freeze

　　3. Which of the following statements is true, according to this passage?

　　A. Only invar can be used to make a thermometer.

　　B. Only water can be used to make a thermometer.

　　C. Both invar and water can be used to make a thermometer.

　　D. Neither invar nor water can be used to make a thermometer.

　　4. The best title of this passage is most likely to be

　　_____.

　　A. Temperature Measurement

　　B. Two Exceptions

　　C. Uses of Invar

　　D. Properties of Water

　　【参考答案】1—4、ACDB

　　阅读理解-------D

　　Lots of people have hobbies. Some people collect old coins or foreign stamps; some do needlework; others spend most of their spare time on a particular sport.

　　A lot of people enjoy reading. But reading tastes differ widely. Some people only read newspapers or comics, some like reading novels, while others prefer books on astronomy, wildlife, or technological discoveries.

　　If I happen to be interested in horses or precious stones, I cannot expect everyone else to share my enthusiasm. If I watch all the sports programs on TV with great pleasure, I must put up with the fact that other people find sports boring.

　　Is there nothing that interests us all? Is there nothing that concerns everyone—no matter who they are or where they live in the world? Yes, dear Sophie, there are questions that certainly should interest everyone. They are precisely the questions this course is about.

　　What is the most important thing in life? If we ask someone living on the edge of starvation, the answer is food. If we ask someone dying of cold, the answer is warmth. If we put the same question to someone who feels lonely and isolated, the answer will probably be the company of other people.

　　But when these basic needs have been satisfied—will there still be something that everybody needs? Philosophers think so. They believe that man cannot live by bread alone. Of course everyone needs food. And everyone needs love and care. But there is something else—apart from that—which everyone needs, and that is to figure out who we are and why we are here.

　　Being interested in why we are here is not a “casual” interest like collecting stamps. People who ask such questions are taking part in a debate that has gone on as long as man has lived on this planet. How the universe, the earth, and life came into being is a bigger and more important question than who won the most gold medals in the last Olympics.

　　13. This text is most probably taken from __________.

　　A. a research paper

　　B. a course schedule

　　C. a personal letter

　　D. a book review

　　14. Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?

　　A. Philosophical questions are as interesting as collecting stamps.

　　B. Thinking about philosophical questions is a serious interest.

　　C. Figuring out who we are and why we are here is man’s basic needs.

　　D. Philosophy has universal appeal and concerns everybody in nature.

　　15. The author believes that __________.

　　A. no existing subject can interest everyone in the world

　　B. different people may have different interests and concerns

　　C. everyone has to figure out who we are and why we are here

　　D. people in modern society pay more attention to philosophical questions

　　【参考答案】13—15、CDC

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　People can write many things about this life. In this case, precious moments become the compositions of history. What about you? People should learn from each other, thus they need to read the latest news. It is really interesting to spend your spare time and start your day in the morning. How can you get the information? You will never run out of choices, since there are many different resources to read out there. You can say hello to the world by clicking the mouse on your computer and you can also read the daily newspaper in your patio (庭院).

　　However, Internet offers fast and effective solutions for the readers. Reading the news on the Internet is just a simple task to do. If you are a mobile person, it is impossible for you to bring the computer and mouse. So, several digital devices are accessible to meet your needs of latest information. You have iPad, smart phone and some other possible solutions. They are your best friends to gain the information about every single thing which has happened in certain part of the world.

　　Now, it’s time to find the most reliable source. You can easily find the amount of websites on the Internet. They offer news and information about many different things, but only few of them will answer your questions. The reliable and accurate sources will let you read and think further about certain news and information. Definitely, you should find the site with various popular categories of news. There should be some categories such as business, sports and technology. Where should you go now?

　　You will find the answer at News Daily Spot and get the complete information about other issues. For you who love to know more about celebrity and biography, feel free to read the biography (传记) of several celebrities, such as Kourtney Kardashian. Read the news and see the face of the world today.

　　1. What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A. Many ways exist for us to know about the world.

　　B. Newspaper plays an important part in our daily life.

　　C. The Internet shortens the distance between people.

　　D. The Internet helps people get more information about the world.

　　2. You are always on business, so　.

　　A. it is convenient for you to carry a desktop computer

　　B. you’d better carry several digital devices

　　C. an iPad will benefit you a lot

　　D. you only read newspapers every day

　　3. Why does the author say “it’s time to find the most reliable source”?

　　A. You must find the reliable and accurate information.

　　B. You can get all answers to any questions.

　　C. Various websites will offer the same things.

　　D. You should use your head to think over after reading.

　　4. The purpose of the author is　.

　　A. to get us to know more about the usage of Internet

　　B. to advertise for News Daily Spot

　　C. to draw attention to News Daily Spot

　　D. to introduce more famous people

　　5. Why does the author mention Kourtney Kardashian?

　　A. To stress he is the most famous in the world.

　　B. To introduce the all-sidedness of the website.

　　C. To give answers to the questions above.

　　D. To show off the celebrities of the world.

　　【参考答案】1—5、DCDCB

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　A Train Floating On Air

　　A train that floats on air? It’s not magic — it’s magnets (磁). And it’s close to reality.

　　In Virginia USA the fall of 2002, a train with no wheels traveled on air and carried college students across their campus. In Japan, a whisper-quiet railway engine hovered and raced at 350 miles per hour using magnets and electricity as the power. And in China, a magnet train line linked Shanghai with nearby Pudong Airport.

　　These trains use magnetic levitation (悬浮) technology, “maglev” for short. They use the same rules as the magnets you pick up at home or school: opposite poles of magnets attract each other, and like poles repel each other.

　　How does it work?

　　Powerful magnets on the bottom of the train repel magnets on the track, which is actually just a magnet-filled guiding way. With a magnetic field of sufficient force, the train will go hovering on air, which seemed impossible to us in the past.

　　When an electrical current is sent through the track, the train moves. Turn the current backwards and the train slows down.

　　Maglev doesn’t rely on the friction (摩擦力) of wheels on track, so it can climb a much steeper hill than a traditional train. And it can travel easily in snow and ice, something that could bring normal trains to a screaming stop.

　　1. This passage is about　.

　　A. maglevB. magnetsC. levitationD. electricity

　　2. Which of the following is a repelling action?

　　A. ⇨⇦ B. ⇦⇨ C. ⇧⇧ D. ⇩⇩

　　3. What can we learn from the text?

　　A. A magnet-filled guiding way is formed inside a maglev train.

　　B. Instead of electricity, magnets are used as the power of a maglev.

　　C. Maglev trains can climb hills with the help of magnet wheels.

　　D. Electric currents decide the movements of a maglev train.

　　4. What is the difference between a maglev train and an ordinary train?

　　A. A maglev train can climb mountains without power while an ordinary one can’t.

　　B. A maglev train can travel in college campus while an ordinary train is not allowed.

　　C. Traveling without a track, a maglev train is safer and smoother than an ordinary one.

　　D. Floating on a track, a maglev train is faster, quieter than an ordinary railway train.

　　【参考答案】1—4、ABDD