2016高三英语一轮（外研版）复习综合测试：选修8 Modules 1-2

　　第一部分　选修八　Modules 1-2

　　Ⅰ.语法填空，单句训练

　　1．(2017·青岛高三模拟改编)Du Lala has been ________(promote) to general manager because of her excellent work in the company.

　　答案：promoted　考查动词词义。句意：由于她在公司里的出色表现，杜拉拉被提升到了总经理的位置上。promote“提升”，符合句意。

　　2．(2017·烟台二中高三检测改编)The students must master the knowledge and skills necessary for them to adapt________ the social circumstances.

　　答案：to　考查动词短语。句意：为了适应社会环境，学生们必须掌握必要的知识和技能。adapt to“适应，适合”，符合句意。

　　3．(2017·曲阜一中高三模拟改编)According to the history book, the Vikings were the first Europeans ________(reach) America.

　　答案：to reach　考查不定式作定语。句意：根据史书记载，维京人是第一个到达美洲的种族。序数词修饰名词时常用不定式作后置定语。

　　4．The brave soldiers were determined to save all the people________(trap) in the mine.

　　答案：trapped　考查非谓语动词。句意：勇敢的士兵们决定要拯救所有困在矿井里的人。be trapped in“围在……，陷入……”。此处trapped为过去分词作后置定语。

　　5．Mother asked me to take more money ________ something unexpected should happen.

　　答案：in case　句意：妈妈让我多带点钱，以免发生意想不到的状况。in case引导目的状语从句，意为“以防，万一”。so that“以便，结果”，引导目的和结果状语从句；in order that引导目的状语从句。

　　6．(2017届天津一中高三月考改编) His wonderful performances ________ to all ages and social groups in China and he is also popular with people all over the world.

　　答案：appeal　考查动词词义。句意：他的精彩表演吸引了中国各个年龄段和各个阶层的人们，同时他也深受全世界人们的欢迎。appeal“吸引”。

　　7．In the early 1920s, thousands of people went to Australia to ________ their fortune.

　　答案：seek　考查固定搭配。句意：在二十世纪二十年代早期，数以千计的人们去澳洲寻找发财的机会。seek one's fortune“发财，碰运气”。

　　8．The clever boy made a hole in the wall, ________ he could see ________was going on inside house.

　　答案：through which; what　考查定语从句。句意：那个聪明的孩子在墙上凿了一个洞，通过这个洞他能看看屋里发生了什么事。根据先行词和句意可知应用介词through，“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句用which而不用that；what在宾语从句中作主语。

　　9．Parents shouldn't always ________ their children for the mistakes they have made.

　　答案：blame　考查动词短语。句意：父母不应该总是因孩子们犯错误而责备他们。blame sb.for...“因……责备某人”，符合句意。

　　10．In the competitive world, if you don't work hard, you will soon be left________.

　　答案：behind　考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这个竞争的世界，如果你不努力，不久你就会落后。leave behind“落在后面”，符合句意。leave alone“避免打扰”；leave for“出发去某地”；leave...to...“把……留给……”。

　　Ⅱ.语法填空，篇章训练

　　阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)

　　A：Hello. Police Station. Can I help you?

　　B：Yes. I'm calling to report a__1__(miss) credit card.

　　A：What's the card number?

　　B：Oh, I don't remember.

　　A：What's your name and__2__？

　　B：Emma Green, 275 King Street, Sydney, Australia.

　　A：I see. You are not__3__Australian citizen, are you?

　　B：No. I'm an American. Does that matter?

　　A：Oh, no, no. Did you say your card was lost or stolen?

　　B：Stolen. I left my wallet on the counter in the department store__4__I went to the fitting room__5__(try)dress on.

　　A：When did you discover it__6__(steal)?

　　B：I didn't discover that__7__I went to pay. Is there anything you could do? Someone may be charging things__8__my credit card this very moment.

　　A：Don't worry, Miss Green.__9__we have your card number, we can make sure that your card can't__10__(use)all over the world within 30 seconds.

　　B：Oh. I'm glad to hear that. Thank you very much.

　　A：That's all right.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______

　　6．______　7.______　8.______　9.______　10.______

　　答案：

　　1．missing　从后文可知，信用卡“丢失了”。missing“丢失了，不见了”。

　　2．address　从答语看，是在问对方“地址”。

　　3．an　an Australian citizen“澳大利亚公民”。

　　4．when　当我到试衣间去试衣服时，我把钱包落在了柜台上。

　　5．to try　到试衣间去试衣服。此处用不定式表目的。

　　6．was stolen　钱包“被偷了”，用被动语态。

　　7．until　not...until...“直到……才……”。

　　8．to　句意为：“这时某个人正用我的信用卡付账呢。”

　　9．Once　once“一旦……”。

　　10．be used　信用卡“被使用”，应该用被动语态。

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　A

　　As the Arctic thaws, can science help to chart a sustainable path for the north?

　　Last winter, parts of the Canadian Arctic basked in record­breaking warmth. In the town of Coral Harbour, at the mouth of Hudson Bay, temperatures rose above freezing for a few days in January for the first time ever. Across the Arctic, extreme climate conditions are becoming the norm, even as the region faces other profound changes, such as the growing political power of local people and the race to extract mineral resources (see page 172).

　　This week, Nature examines how these changes are affecting scientific access to the north (see page 174), and what scientists should do to keep Arctic development green (see page 179) and peaceful (see page 180). Some are calling for international regulations to safeguard the environment as ship traffic increases (see page 157). Both research and development need to consider the views of local people, and scientists are learning how to do so (see page 182). Locals can provide insight into environmental changes.

　　There is a long tradition of international scientific cooperation in the Arctic. That tradition must be preserved and expanded, even as nations in the region push forward with territorial claims under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. Countries should work together, perhaps through the Arctic Council, to ensure that researchers from all nations are allowed access to all parts of the Arctic Ocean.

　　At the same time, scientists should make their data available in public databases as soon as possible after collection. The far north is changing faster than anywhere else on Earth, with potentially vast impacts on climate as carbon­rich permafrost melts, and dark ground and water exposed by the retreating ice soak up more heat from the Sun. It is crucial that science keeps up.

　　语篇解读：随着北极冰层的日渐消融，北极的战略价值逐渐凸显，北极争端也随之加强。本中介绍北极科学考察方面的问题。

　　1．Which of the following is TRUE for the Arctic region?

　　A．Extreme climate conditions are rare.

　　B．Scientists find no safe path for the north.

　　C．The weather is getting warmer.

　　D．Mineral resources are widely exploited.

　　答案：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Last winter, parts of the Canadian Arctic basked in recordbreaking warmth. In the town of Coral Harbour, at the mouth of Hudson Bay, temperatures rose above freezing for a few days in January for the first time ever.”可知，北极地区正逐渐变暖。

　　2．The increased ship traffic around the Arctic can lead to ______.

　　A．disagreement on the Arctic's development

　　B．territorial conflict

　　C．arguments on exploiting mineral resources

　　D．environment problems

　　答案：D　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Some are calling for international regulations to safeguard the environment as ship traffic increases (see page 157).”可知D项正确。

　　3．Which page of Nature deals with the green development around the Arctic ________？

　　A．Page 172.B．Page 174.

　　C．Page 179.D．Page 157.

　　答案：C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...and what scientists should do to keep Arctic development green (see page 179) and peaceful (see page 180).”可知答案。

　　4．It can be inferred from the text that ________.

　　A．scientists might help locals to be heard in terms of environmental changes

　　B．local people reject international cooperation in the Arctic

　　C．no country in the Arctic has territorial claims

　　D．scientists from different countries will cooperate in the Arctic before long

　　答案：A　推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“Both research and development need to consider the views of local people, and scientists are learning how to do so (see page 182). Locals can provide insight into environmental changes.”可推知A项正确。

　　B

　　Robots have proved to be valuable tools for soldiers, surgeons and homeowners hoping to keep the carpet clean. But in each case, they are designed and built specifically for the job. Now there is a movement under way to build multipurpose machines—robots that can move about in changing environments such as offices or living rooms and work with their hands.

　　All­purpose robots are not, of course, a new idea. “It's been 5 or 10 years from happening for about 50 years，” says Eric Berger, co­director of the Personal Robotics Program at Willow Garage, a Silicon Valley organization. The delay is in part because even simple tasks require a huge set of capabilities. For a robot to fetch a mug, for example, it needs to make sense of data gathered by a variety of sensors—laser scanners identifying potential blocking objects, cameras searching for the target, force feedback in the fingers that grasp the mug, and more. Yet Berger and other experts are confident that real progress could be made in the next decade.

　　The problem, according to Willow Garage, is the lack of a common platform for all that computational effort. Instead of enlarging the capabilities of a single machine, everyone is designing robots and the software to control them, from the ground up. To help change this, Willow Garage is currently producing 25 copies of its model PR2 ( Personal Robot 2), a two­armed, wheeled machine that can switch off the electricity, open doors and move through a room. Ten of the robots will stay in­house, but 10 more will go to outside research groups, and everyone will share their advances. This way, Berger says, if you want to build the robotic equivalent (等同物) of a Twitter, you won't start by constructing a computer. “You build the thing that's new.”

　　语篇解读： 本文是一篇科普说明文，简要介绍了全能机器人的发展状况、研发困境和解决方案。

　　5．The robots are mentioned to do some specific jobs EXCEPT in ________.

　　A． battle fields B． operation room

　　C． people's houses D． wild fields

　　答案：D　细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句中的“soldiers，surgeons and homeowners”可知机器人已应用于战场、手术室和家庭，并没有提到D项，故答案为D。

　　6．The multipurpose robot may be identified as a machine that ________.

　　A．can move about in changing environments and work with their hands

　　B． can make sense of data gathered by a variety of sensors

　　C． has a huge set of abilities to finish all the simple tasks

　　D． has identifying laser scanners, searching cameras and force feedback

　　答案：A　细节理解题。由文章首段第三句内容可知A项正确。

　　7．According to Willow Garage, we will make real progress in building all­purpose robots if ________.

　　A．everyone designs robots and the software to control them

　　B．they can produce 25 copies of its model PR2

　　C．people can enlarge the capabilities of a single machine

　　D．people can start by constructing a computer

　　答案：C　推理判断题。根据文章第三段前两句内容可知全能机器人的研发困境是缺少计算机操作平台，而让单个机器人拥有更多的功能是让全能机器人的研发得到实质性的进展的方法，C项正确。

　　8．Willow Garage is currently producing 25 copies of its model PR2 so as to ________.

　　A．design robots and the software to control them

　　B．change the way of new robot construction research

　　C．open doors and go to outside research groups

　　D．go through the room and stay in house

　　答案：B　细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，Willow Garage的做法是为了改变目前的研究方法。

　　Ⅳ.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　Li Yue had been awarded the title of “Star Student of the Week” for which she did for the class. On a hot afternoon of last Saturday, Li Yue went to downtown and walked from one store to another, looking for the costumes we would wear in the singing contest. While the rest of us was enjoying our leisure time in cool and comfortable rooms, she spent the whole afternoon searching and selecting. Finally she found the right clothes. Deeply moved by his efforts, we tried our best and won the first prize in the contest.

　　Li Yue is always warm­hearted and cared a lot about the class. Besides, she devotes her spare time to help others. She sets a good example to us. However, she deserves the honour and we should learn her.

　　答案：

　　Li Yue

　　been awarded the title of “Star Student of the Week” for

　　she did for the class. On

　　hot afternoon of last Saturday, Li Yue went to downtown and walked from one store to another, looking for the costumes we would wear in the singing contest. While the rest of us

　　enjoying our leisure time in cool and comfortable rooms, she spent the whole afternoon searching and selecting. Finally she found the right clothes. Deeply moved by

　　efforts, we tried our best and won the first prize in the contest.

　　Li Yue is always warm­hearted and

　　a lot about the class. Besides, she devotes her spare time to

　　others. She sets a good example to us. ， she deserves the honour and we should learn

　　her.