2016届高三英语一轮复习讲义：Book 3 Unit 8

　　重点识记词汇 1.adventure n.奇遇，冒险的经历

　　2.take off起飞

　　3.extra adj.特别的；额外的

　　4.optional adj.可选择的，非强制的

　　5.right now就在此刻

　　6.extreme adj.极度的，极端的

　　7.in order to do sth.目的是，以便

　　8.exactly adv.确切地，精确地

　　9.turn up出现，到场；把(声音)调大

　　10.back out决定不履行(承诺的事)

　　11.get across使理解(某事)

　　12.in turn轮流，依次

　　13.break out(坏事)突然发生，爆发

　　14.put...into prison把……关进监狱

　　15.stand by坚持(某种说法)

　　16.quantity n.数(量)

　　17.on one’s way在途中

　　18.run out of用完，耗尽

　　19.carry on继续做某事

　　20.function vi.运转；发挥作用

　　21.observe vt.观察，观测

　　22.shelter n.遮蔽，庇护所

　　23.presenter n.节目主持人

　　24.organisation n.团体，组织，机构

　　25.break down(机器等)出故障；身体出毛病，垮掉

　　26.patience n.耐心→patient adj.耐心的

　　27.limit n.边界，限度→limited adj.有限的

　　28.statement n.陈述→state vt.陈述，表达

　　29.differ vi.不同于，有区别→difference n.区别

　　30.anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的→anxiety n.忧虑，担心

　　31.major adj.较重要的；较严重的；n.专业课→majority n.大多数，多半

　　32.uncomfortable adj.不舒服的，不自在的→comfortable adj.舒服的，自在的

　　33.similarity n.相似性，类似性→similar adj.相似的，类似的

　　34.excitement n.兴奋，激动→excited adj.激动的，兴奋的→exciting adj.令人兴奋的

　　35.various adj.各种各样的，不同的→variety n.不同，种类→vary vi.有不同，呈差异

　　36.accommodation n.住所，处所→accommodate vt.能容纳；(宾馆等)能供(客人等)留宿

　　37.equipment n.设备，配备→equip vt.装备，配备

　　38.preference n.较喜欢的东西，偏爱→prefer vt.更加喜欢

　　39.confuse vt.使困惑→confused adj.感到困惑的→confusing adj.令人迷惑的

　　40.wealthy adj.富有的，富裕的→wealth n.富有，财富

　　41.preparation n.准备 →prepared adj.有准备的，准备好了的→prepare vt.&vi.准备，为……准备

　　42.ambition n.志向，抱负→ambitious adj.有野心的，雄心勃勃的

　　43.hopeless adj.没有希望的→hopeful adj.有希望的

　　44.cheerful adj.愉快的，高兴的→cheer vi.欢呼，使振奋

　　45.distant adj.远处的；久远的→distance n.远处；久远；距离

　　46.disadvantage n.不利，不利条件→advantage n.优势，有利条件

　　必背经典句式 1.Although people enjoyed reading his book，many of them thought that Marco’s stories about China were too fantastic to be true.

　　虽然人们喜欢读他的书，但是有许多人认为马可波罗写的关于中国的故事太神奇而不可信。

　　2. Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.

　　接着漆黑的极地冬夜就开始了。

　　3.The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking.

　　接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走有很大的困难。

　　4.He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.

　　他让一群狗拉着雪橇而他的所有队员都在滑雪板上。

　　构词记忆 　predict /prIdIkt/vt.预言；预告；预料

　　preview /priːvjuː/vt.预习；事先审查；预演；n.[C]&[U]预习；事先审查；预演；预告片

　　Ⅰ.词汇与派生

　　A．语境填词

　　1．These message types are optional(可选择的)．They are not enforced by the runtime.

　　2．They stood to the adventure(冒险) in the Arctic，braving their life.

　　3．You copied this work off Paul because you’ve made exactly(完全地) the same mistakes.

　　4．We are making preparations(准备) for the coming examination.

　　5．Second，the science major(专业) can help me achieve my childhood dream of becoming a scientist.

　　6．Society cannot function(运转) a single day without the “dull and boring” jobs.

　　7．Take some time and observe(观察) how you value yourself and what you do.

　　8．After he completed each article he experienced no excitement(兴奋) and no happiness.

　　9．Saunder’s lawyer made a brief statement(陈述) to the press outside the court.

　　10．In production，we demand not only quantity(数量) but also quality.

　　11．Some people say that food，clothing and shelter(住所) are life essentials.

　　12．You may be charged 10% extra(额外的) for this service.

　　B．用所给词的适当形式填空

　　13．They met with many difficulties，for they lacked equipment (equip)，experience and technical data.

　　14．One had better see life in its various (vary) aspects when young.

　　15．The people she wrote about in her books are very similar (similarity) to people she knew.

　　16．You’ll have to be patient (patience) with my mother who’s going rather deaf.

　　17．It was with great sadness (sad) that we reported the death of James Banks yesterday.

　　18．There is milk and cream. Do you have a preference (prefer)?

　　19．Michael Jordan is not as wealthy (wealth) as Bill Gates but he has done pretty well.

　　20．The police are anxious (anxiety) to interview everyone concerned with last night’s accident.

　　Ⅱ.短语运用

　　A．用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空

　　take off，stand by，differ from，take up，turn up，set up, get across，break down，run out of，put into prison，

　　21.He taught me how to get across my idea.

　　22．Peter liked to see planes take off from the airport.

　　23．The aircraft will run out of fuel in another hour.

　　24．That arrangement differs from the one I had in mind.

　　25．The telephone system has broken down.

　　26．The disaster of his being put into prision was unbearable to his family.

　　27．I’m sorry I’ve already taken up

　　so much of your valuable time.

　　28．A fund will be set up for the orphans.

　　29．We waited for 30 minutes and finally he turned up.

　　30．Don’t just stand by. Please help me.

　　B．用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空

　　after a while，on one’s way，in turn，on the edge of，right now，in order to

　　31.Could you mail these letters on your way downtown?

　　32．The old man was taken care of by his children in turn.

　　33．How I wish I could fly there right now.

　　34．In order to do this you have to build up confidence.

　　35．His cigarette had gone out，and he laid it carefully on the edge of the table.

　　36．After a while the road opened up and they traveled more quickly.

　　Ⅲ.经典句式

　　37．I’m too glad to be invited to your birthday party.

　　我非常高兴能被邀请参加你的生日聚会。

　　38．Li Na doesn’t have any difficulty (in) communicating with the foreigners in English.

　　李娜用英语和外国人交流没有任何困难。

　　39．Away flew the bird.

　　那只鸟飞走了。

　　40．I had him doing the work all night long.

　　我让他干了一整晚上的工作。

　　1

　　major in主修

　　majority n.大多数；过半数；大部分

　　in a/the majority占大多数

　　The major factor in the decision to stay or to leave was usually professional.

　　职业上的考虑往往是决定去留的主要因素。

　　He majored in finance in Beijing University.

　　他在北大主修金融专业。

　　[图解助记]

　　[夯实基础]

　　I’m a history major.

　　(1)My major is history.(major作主语)

　　(2)I major in history.(major作动词)

　　2

　　differ from不同于；和……不同

　　differ in在……方面不同

　　make a difference有差别，有影响

　　tell the difference between A and B 分清A和B

　　be different from...in...在……方面与……不同

　　The story he told the police differed from the one he told his mother.

　　他在警方和母亲那里说辞不一。

　　The two leaders have differed on the issue of sanctions.

　　两位领导人在制裁问题上存在意见分歧。

　　[夯实基础]

　　语法填空

　　(1)Humans differ from other animals in their ability to speak.

　　(2)Foreign auto makers differ in their response to the slowdown.

　　(3)What you have told me may make a difference to my own position.

　　(4)In a natural disaster，minutes and even seconds of warning can make the difference between life and death.

　　3

　　[应试指导]　形容词短语作状语的考查

　　be anxious about sth.为某事忧虑，担心

　　be anxious for sth.渴望某事

　　be anxious to do...渴望做……；急于做……

　　anxiety n.焦虑；不安；渴望

　　with anxiety焦虑地

　　He is very anxious about the results of the exam.

　　他很担心考试的结果。

　　I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and I’m anxious to get help from you.

　　我被告知学校辅导中心给学生提供帮助，现在我急于获得你们的帮助。(新课标全国·书面表达)

　　[夯实基础]

　　语法填空

　　(1)She was anxious that he (should) come(come) with her.

　　(2)She was anxious to leave(leave) the room.

　　(3)Don’t be anxious about her；she is already a grown­up.

　　(4)His sick wife is a great anxiety to him.

　　4

　　[多词一义]　varieties of，all kinds of，different，a variety of

　　a variety of＝varieties of种种的；各种各样的

　　vary from...to...由……到……不等

　　vary with随……变化

　　vary in在……方面变化

　　There are a variety of books for us to choose from，like history books，science books，literary books and so on.

　　有各种各样的书供我们选择，像历史书、科幻书、文学书等等。(江西·书面表达)

　　[特别提醒]

　　(1)a variety of/varieties of后接可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

　　(2)the variety of＋复数名词，意为“……的品种”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

　　[夯实基础]

　　(1)用上述短语的适当形式填空

　　With the development of economy，there are varieties of goods in stores，varying from daily groceries to luxury goods，which greatly enriches people’s life.In addition，the goods vary with the season in variety and quantity.

　　(2)语法填空

　　①Low­acid varieties of orange juice are (be) also available.

　　②The variety of his books is (be) astonishing.

　　5

　　a piece of equipment一件设备

　　equip v.配备；装备；使有所准备；使有能力

　　equip...with...用……装备……

　　equip sb.for doing sth.使某人为做某事而准备

　　equip sb.to do sth.使某人能够做某事

　　be equipped to do sth.使某人有准备做某事

　　Owners of restaurants would have to equip them to admit disabled people.

　　餐厅老板将必须在餐厅里配备能够接纳残疾人的设施。

　　A basic two­hour first aid course would equip you to deal with any of these incidents.

　　两小时的基础急救课程能够让你有能力处理这类事件。

　　[夯实基础]

　　(1)语法填空

　　①They equipped themselves with a pair of sharp axes and set off for the forest.

　　②She was fully equipped for the climbing.

　　③Your education will equip you for your future life.

　　(2)They are equipped with new scientific farming methods，so they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.

　　Equipped with new scientific farming methods，they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)

　　6

　　[应试指导]　非谓语动词句法功能的考查

　　confuse...with/and...把……和……混淆

　　be/get confused with/about对……感到困惑

　　be confusing令人困惑的

　　confusion n.混乱；混淆；困惑

　　in confusion处于混乱状态

　　I can’t see how anyone could confuse you with another!

　　我不明白怎么会有人把你和另外一个人搞混！

　　Things were happening too quickly and Brian was confused.

　　事情发生得太快，把布赖恩给弄糊涂了。

　　[夯实基础]

　　(1)用confuse的适当形式填空

　　①This is a very confusing experience.

　　②We felt confused with the difficult question.

　　③The uncertainty created by this situation must have caused you much confusion.

　　④What confused us most was the result.

　　(2)He was confused with the present situation so he didn’t know what to do next.

　　Confused with the present situation，he didn’t know what to do next. (用过去分词短语作原因状语改写句子)

　　7

　　[应试指导]　主谓一致的考查

　　in quantity大量

　　quantities of＋名词＋复数谓语动词 许多……

　　a quantity of＋复数名词＋复数谓语动词/＋不可数名词＋单数谓语动词 大量……

　　Quantities of food and tents were sent to Ya’ an from Shandong.

　　大量的食品和帐篷从山东运到了雅安。

　　My brother bought a large quantity of books.

　　我弟弟买了大量的书。

　　[夯实基础]

　　(1)语法填空

　　①A large quantity of beer was sold(sell).

　　②Large quantities of food were(be) on the table.

　　③—Why does the river around the village smell terrible?

　　—Because large quantities of water have been polluted(polluted) already.

　　(2)完成句子

　　①It’s a lot cheaper if you buy it in quantity(大量).

　　②There are large quantities of(大量的) rain in this area.

　　8

　　[应试指导]　(1)非谓语动词作状语、定语的考查　(2)活动类写作高频词汇

　　achieve one’s aim达到目的；实现目标

　　with the aim of以期……，意在……

　　take aim at把目标对准……

　　without aim漫无目的地

　　be aimed at目的是；旨在,

　　aim to do...目的要做……

　　The programme is aimed at teenage audience.

　　这个节目针对的是十几岁的观众。

　　It’s important that you should have some sort of a goal to aim at.

　　有一个为之奋斗的目标是很重要的。

　　[图解助记]

　　[夯实基础]

　　(1)语法填空

　　①Aimed(aim) at a higher target，the task is more challenging.

　　②His brother aims to be(be) a policeman.

　　③Never do anything without aim，or you’ll gain nothing.

　　(2)完成句子

　　①She went to London with the aim of finding a job(以期望找到一份工作).

　　②To talk without thinking is to shoot without aim(漫无目的地射击).

　　9

　　[应试指导]　感官动词后跟复合宾语的考查

　　observe sb.do/doing sth.观察某人做过/正在做某事

　　observe the customs遵守习俗

　　observation n.观察；观测；监视

　　make an observation of对……进行观察

　　His neighbour observed a stranger go/going to his house.

　　他的邻居注意到一个陌生人进了他的房子。

　　American forces are observing Christmas quietly.

　　美国部队正在悄悄地庆祝圣诞节。

　　[夯实基础]

　　语法填空

　　(1)When I passed his house，I observed him playing(play) in his yard.

　　(2)He is often observed to cheat(cheat) at cards.

　　(3)Observe(observe) carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.

　　10

　　advantage n.有利条件；优势；利益；好处

　　have/gain/win an advantage over占/获得优势

　　have the advantage of有……的优势

　　take advantage of利用

　　to one’s advantage/disadvantage对某人有利/不利的是

　　at an advantage/a disadvantage处于有利地位/不利地位

　　One major disadvantage of the area is the lack of public transport.

　　这个地区的一大不便之处就是缺少公共交通工具。

　　I have the language advantages over others.

　　我比其他人占有语言上的优势。(天津·书面表达)

　　[夯实基础]

　　语法填空

　　(1)We gain an advantage over our opponent because of much more resources.

　　(2)They saw a new opportunity and took advantage of it.

　　(3)He knew it was to his advantage to raise the first objection.

　　(4)Handsome men are always at an advantage.

　　11

　　take/seek shelter from躲避……

　　under the shelter of在……的庇护下

　　give shelter to庇护

　　shelter...from...保护……免于……

　　Although horses do not generally mind the cold，shelter from rain and wind is important.

　　尽管马一般不怕冷，但是有个能遮风挡雨的马棚也是重要的。

　　Trees shelter the house from the wind.

　　树给房子挡住了风。

　　[夯实基础]

　　语法填空

　　(1)They found shelter from the storm in a barn.

　　(2)Under the shelter of a tent，a crowd is gathered for a brunch.

　　(3)They sheltered from a downpour under a tree.

　　12

　　There is a limit to...……是有限度的

　　limit...to...把……限定在……之内

　　within the limits of限定在……范围之内

　　over/beyond the limit超量，超出限度

　　set a limit on对……规定限度

　　The team performed to the limit of its capabilities.

　　这个队已竭尽全力。

　　[夯实基础]

　　(1)In my opinion，you had better set a limit on(对……限定) the expense of your trip.

　　(2)There is a limit to(……是有限度的) what one person can tolerate.

　　1

　　[应试指导]　 turn短语语境词义辨析

　　turn away打发走；禁止入内

　　turn around翻身，转身

　　turn down拒绝；调小

　　turn into变成

　　turn out生产；结果是；证明是；出席，在场

　　turn over移交

　　turn on/off打开/关掉

　　turn to sb.向某人求助

　　as it turned out果然如此

　　take a turn转变；转弯

　　Some all­A students in school have turned out not to be as successful in society as they were expected.

　　学校里一些优秀学生踏入社会后不像人们预料的那么成功。(陕西·书面表达)

　　[夯实基础]

　　选择方框内的短语填空

　　(1)When the sports hero turned up at our party，he was welcomed with open arms.

　　(2)I would，indeed，turn the evidence over to the police.

　　(3)New technologies have made it possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.

　　(4)Don’t turn off the computer before closing all programs，or you could have problems.(2017·北京，22)

　　(5)If nothing is done，the oceans will turn into fish deserts.

　　2 get across使理解(某事)

　　get away from从……脱离；逃脱

　　get away with(做了某事)而不受惩罚；携带……跑掉

　　get over克服；恢复

　　get down to开始；着手

　　get sb.down使沮丧；使悲伤

　　get round/around走动；(消息)传开

　　The policeman can’t have the thief get away with stealing people’s money.

　　警察不能容忍小偷偷了人们的钱而跑掉。

　　I like to get down to work by 9.

　　我喜欢在9点之前开始工作。

　　[夯实基础]

　　用get短语的适当形式填空

　　(1)She gets around with the help of a stick.

　　(2)Have you got over the scare you had yesterday?

　　(3)He sometimes has trouble getting his meaning across in English.

　　(4)She got away from the dog but she had bite marks on her leg.

　　3

　　[应试指导]　“break＋副词”类语境词义辨析

　　break up打碎；解散；结束；分手；拆散

　　break off中断

　　break through突破；冲破

　　break out爆发

　　Negotiations between the two sides have broke down.

　　双方谈判失败了。

　　Police were called in to break up the meeting.

　　有人叫来了警察将聚会驱散。

　　[图解助记]

　　[夯实基础]

　　语法填空

　　(1)His health broke down from the stress of the new job.

　　(2)My girlfriend has broken up with me.

　　(3)It will take ten years to break through the cultural barriers.

　　(4)A fire broke out last night.

　　4

　　[多词一义]　run out of，give out，use up

　　run out结束；用完主语为物，无被动语态

　　give out用完；放出热、光等；公布不及物，一般不用于进行时态

　　use up用完及物

　　run away from逃离，躲避

　　So many places of interest does Beijing offer that most visitors simply ran out of time before seeing it all.

　　北京提供了如此多的有趣景点以至于大多数游客用光了所有时间也没有看完。

　　Our food will soon run out.

　　我们的食物不久就要吃光了。

　　[夯实基础]

　　He ran out of his ink.(一句多译)

　　(1)His ink was run out of.(改为被动句)

　　(2)His ink ran out.(用run out改写句子)

　　(3)His ink gave out.(用give短语改写句子)

　　(4)His ink was used up.(用use up改写句子)

　　1Although people enjoyed reading his book，many of them thought that Marco’s

　　Stories about China were too fantastic to be true.虽然人们喜欢读他的书，但是有许多人认为马可波罗写的关于中国的故事太神奇而不可信。

　　1too...to...太……而不能……

　　2too...to...与not或never连用时，意为“无论……也不过分，越……越好”。cannot be too...再……也不过分

　　3only/just/but too...to...非常……去做too前的only/just/but不仅没有否定意义，反而加重了too的肯定语气。

　　4too ready/easy/eager/willing/anxious/happy...to...句型表示肯定，作“过于、太会……”解。

　　5too...not to...表示肯定，含义是“非常……必定能；太……不会不……”。

　　That’s the new machine whose parts are too small to be seen.

　　那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。

　　I’ll be only too pleased to be able to do the job for you.

　　我能为您效劳，真是十分高兴。

　　[夯实基础]

　　翻译句子

　　(1)Mary is too wise not to know it.

　　玛丽很聪明，不会不懂的。

　　(2)She is too ready to get angry.

　　她动不动就生气。

　　(3)You cannot be too careful.

　　小心无过火。/你再小心也不为过。/你越小心越好。

　　(4)One is never too old to learn.

　　活到老学到老。

　　2

　　当then，there，up，down，away，off，now，here，in，out等表示方位或位置变化的副词放在句首，且谓语是表示存在的动词如lie，live，sit，stand或come，go，rise等动词并且主语是名词时，句子一般要全部倒装，即把谓语动词整个提到主语前。这类句子比自然语序的句子更为生动、形象。但如果主语是代词时，即使把这些词放在句首，也不倒装。

　　Now，here goes the story.这个故事是这样的。

　　Away flew the bird.那只鸟飞走了。

　　There she goes.她去那儿了。

　　[夯实基础]

　　单句改错

　　(1)Here comes it.

　　Here it comes.

　　(2)At the top of the hill the tiny church stood.

　　At the top of the hill stood the tiny church.

　　3单元语法

　　——语法填空

　　(1)This is the very bus that I’m waiting for.

　　(2)Look out！Don’t get too close to the house whose roof is under repair.

　　(3)All the neighbors admire this family，where the parents are treating their child like a friend.

　　(4)We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people，most of whom are healthy.

　　(5)After graduation she reached a point in her career where she needed to decide what to do.

　　　高考题组

　　Ⅰ.短文改错(2017·辽宁)

　　Dear Jeremy and Alice,

　　Although we’ve been delighted to have you as neighbors，we’re hoping to settle something that bothers to us.In a word，your dog—Cleo.

　　We’ve called several time about Cleo’s early morning barking.It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she’s outside.The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby.Beside，Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day.This morning she starts barking even before 5 o’clock.That is too much for us，considering how closely the houses are.

　　We appreciate our apologies and goodwill，but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.

　　Sincerely，

　　Jack and Rose

　　答案

　　Dear Jeremy and Alice,

　　Although we’ve been delighted to have you as neighbors，we’re hoping to settle something that bothers to us.In a word，your dog—Cleo.

　　We’ve called several

　　about Cleo’s early morning barking.It is difficult to

　　why she barks every minute she’s outside.The early morning barking

　　been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby.，Cleo tends to bark

　　average of six hours a day.This morning she

　　barking even before 5 o’clock.That is too much for us，considering how

　　the houses are.

　　We appreciate

　　apologies and goodwill，but we hope that you can figure

　　a good way of settling the matter.

　　Sincerely，

　　Jack and Rose

　　Ⅱ.写作常用句翻译

　　1.这些书有许多优点。(advantage)(2017·辽宁·书面表达)

　　These books have many advantages.

　　2.他出生于一个贫穷家庭，童年只接受过有限的教育。(limit)(2017·浙江·书面表达)

　　He was born in a poor family，and only received a limited education in his childhood.

　　3.在我们学校里有各种各样的活动，例如艺术和体育。(various)(2011·四川·书面表达)

　　In our school，there are various kinds of activities，for example，arts and sports.

　　4.然后我向老师求助，他劝我和他人合作。(turn to)(2011·湖北·短文写作)

　　Then I turned to my teacher and he advised me to cooperate with others.

　　模拟题组

　　Ⅰ.语法填空

　　1.Although they differ in character from each other，it does not make much difference to their friendship.

　　2.Food supplies in the flood­stricken area are running (run) out.We must act immediately before there’s none left.

　　3.I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school who I met in the English speech contest last year.

　　4.After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，which turned out to be a wise decision.

　　5.This treatment is not available in the majority of hospitals.

　　6.How could you turn down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months?

　　7.I hope that full advantage is taken (take) of our library.

　　8.Some parents are just too protective.They want to shelter their kids from every kind of danger，real or imagined.

　　9.It’s unfair that he gets away with cheating because he’s a famous author.

　　10.Large quantities of information，as well as some timely help have been offered (offer) since the organization was built.

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1.We all know that he has a preference of pop music rather than classic music.of→for

　　2.He said he was quite preparing to do anything for us.preparing→prepared

　　3.He is often observed go shopping with his classmates.observed后加上to

　　4.I hope that full advantage is taken the hotel facilities.taken后加上of

　　5.He risked his life save the boy who fell into the river.life后加上to

　　6.The two squares different in color but not in size.squares后加上are或different→differ

　　7.They are running out oil and the plane has to land on the field.out后加上of

　　8.The bus had been broken down，so the passengers had to ask for a lift.去掉been

　　9.And our porters carry your luggage，it means that you can simply enjoy the experience.it→which

　　10.Large quantities of information，as well as some timely help，have offered since the organization was built.have后加上been

　　Ⅲ.写作句式升级训练

　　1.We expect that every one of you will be part of the event.It encourages creative minds.(素材来源于2017·辽宁·书面表达)

　　Every one of you is expected to be part of the event which encourages creative minds.(用expect的被动形式及which从句改写句子)

　　2.Along with your wonderful innovation，you need to hand in a report，which explains how you think of the idea and the materials you use.(素材来源于2017·辽宁·书面表达)

　　Along with your wonderful innovation，you need to hand in a report，explaining how the idea occurs to you and what materials you use.(用现在分词作定语、what从句及高级词汇改写句子)

　　(一)

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　Research suggests that if a woman runs her household without any help，she has less interest in scaling the career ladder.

　　But the reason for this is not quite what you might expect，such as being too tired.According to experts，the satisfaction of being in charge of day­to­day domestic tasks leaves mothers with less of a thirst for success at work.If she were indeed to “have it all”—a family life，a love life and a career—she would need to be prepared to carve up some of the home decisions with her spouse，a study suggests.

　　The study asked 136 men and women aged 18 to 30 whether being in control of household decisions is something they desire.Both sexes agreed that being in charge is an advantage.Then,150 women were asked to imagine being a married mother and either making most of the household decisions or making them jointly with her husband.Those who had imagined being in control at home placed less value on things such as earning a high salary than those who had imagined sharing the running of the household.

　　Then，almost 650 men and women were asked to imagine one of the same two scenes but with division of household chores.The men’s interest in work was not affected by thoughts of being in charge at home.And if a woman imagined having to do all the chores，without making the decisions at home，she was still hungry for power in the workplace.

　　Researcher Professor Serena Chen said，“This suggests it is the power aspect of household control that reduces women’s interest in power outside of the home.To realise true gender equality in both private and public fields，our results suggest women may need to at least partially give up the role of household directors and men must share such decision­making.”

　　1．What could be learned from the text?

　　A．Women are fond of doing household tasks.

　　B．Women have no interest in the office work.

　　C．Women can do well at home or beyond if they share household decisions with men.

　　D．Women can do well at home as well as in the workplace.

　　答案　C

　　解析　文意理解题。从全文对研究内容和结果的论述可知，如果妻子想在家庭和事业上都取得成功，她就得和丈夫共同决策家庭事务。第二段最后一句也有明确提示。

　　2．What leaves women with less of a thirst for a successful career?

　　A．Pressure from household tasks.

　　B．Lack of working experience.

　　C．Poor physical and mental state.

　　D．Satisfaction of being in charge of household tasks.

　　答案　D

　　解析　细节理解题。从第二段中信息“the satisfaction of being in charge of day­to­day domestic tasks leaves mothers with less of a thirst for success at work”可知，女性从掌管家庭事务中获得的满足感导致她们对成功事业的渴望减少。

　　3．Professor Serena Chen suggested that

　　.

　　A．it was hard to realize true gender equality

　　B．men must work as household directors

　　C．men and women should share household decisions

　　D．women should be as wise as men

　　答案　C

　　解析　细节理解题。从最后一段中的“To realise true gender equality in both private and public fields，our results suggest women may need to at least partially give up the role of household directors and men must share such decision­making.”可知，Professor Serena Chen认为夫妻应当分享家庭决策权。

　　4．Who would be most interested in the text?

　　A．Researchers.

　　B．Breadwinners.

　　C．Employers.

　　D．Working mothers.

　　答案　D

　　解析　推理判断题。文章研究妇女怎样才能在事业上成功，因此对该文章最感兴趣的应该是职业妈妈，所以D项正确。

　　Ⅱ.阅读填空

　　How to concentrate on studies

　　How to get your mind to concentrate on studies when there are all possible distractions(分心的事)？This is the biggest question that students face when it’s exam time.Well，here are some tips that can help you with concentration.

　　Plan your timetable

　　5

　　However，be realistic with your timetable and do not expect too much out of yourself.

　　6

　　If you study for 5 hours without rest，you maybe get bored.So it is advised that you keep on changing your subjects so that you do not get bored.However，make sure you study at least 2 hours at each subject at a stretch(连续地)．

　　Take interest

　　Unless you like what you are doing，it is not possible to focus on that task.

　　7

　　You can start with your favorite subject and move on to difficult ones，once you begin to study.You can also take the difficult subject when your mind is most refreshed.

　　Set up a study area

　　It is better to have a study room where you can concentrate properly without any distractions.If that is not possible，you can set up a study table in a separate corner in you home.

　　8

　　9

　　Your mind will be at its sharpest only if you let it rest for enough time.Sleep for at least 6－8 hours depending upon your individual requirements.Eat healthy meals and reward yourself some free time after studies.

　　A．Get enough rest

　　B．Introduce variety

　　C．Get rid of distractions

　　D．You may even ask a friend to study with you.

　　E．It is always best to have a plan before studying.

　　F．So you have to take interest in what you are studying.

　　G．Make sure you study at this place so that you can help your mind focus.

　　答案　5.E　6.B　7.F　8.G　9.A

　　Ⅲ.短文改错

　　Can you imagine wear a pretty sweater made of garbage？It could not happen！A few companies across the country are making clothes from things those are thrown away by people.For example，the company makes sweaters from old plastic bottles.First，the bottles are cut into small piece.The pieces are melted.Then the melting plastic is made into long and thin threads.The threads are used to making sweaters which are very soft and light.Believe it not，these sweaters sell well in spite of the fact that they are not expensive at all.Many people think that these recycled clothes can help us cut up on garbage.

　　答案　

　　Can you imagine

　　a pretty sweater made of garbage？It could not happen！A few companies across the country are making clothes from things

　　are thrown away by people.For example， company makes sweaters from old plastic bottles.First，the bottles are cut into small .The pieces are melted.Then the

　　plastic is made into long and thin threads.The threads are used to

　　sweaters which are very soft and light.Believe it

　　not，these sweaters sell well in spite of the fact that they are not

　　at all.Many people think that these recycled clothes can help us cut

　　on garbage.

　　Ⅳ.书面表达

　　不久前，为零售商提供数据的美国服务机构SumAll对网上购物的优惠情况进行了调查。调查发现，一周内优惠最多的并不是人们普遍认为的周末。下面的图表显示了每天的优惠率(百分比)。请根据图表写一篇100词左右的英语短文。短文应该包含以下要点：

　　1．分析图表内容；

　　2．发表你的观点和看法。

　　参考范文

　　If you think that shopping online on weekends can get you the best deals，then think again.According to a survey of online shopping，Tuesday is actually the best day of a week if you want to grab a bargain.

　　The best day of a week is Tuesday when savings are 4.81 percent，followed by Thursday at 4.80 percent.In the third place is Friday at 4.65 percent，then Monday at 4.30 percent and Wednesday at 4.13 percent.It’s not advisable to shop on Saturday when you only save 3.84 percent and Sunday is the worst with 3.37 percent.

　　Shopping online has become something of a science.So，if you do not want to spend more than you should，do it on the right day.

　　(二)

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　Made In Japan Morgan Hill is the company to turn to for all of your service needs.Our owner and operator has over 25 years’ experience in the industry，and our friendly and knowledgeable service department is AAA approved with ASE certified technicians.We take pride in the quality of the work we perform.Made In Japan Morgan Hill is easy to find，and we provide service throughout the South Valley，CA area.We service all makes and models (both foreign and domestic) of cars，trucks，and vans.For your enjoyment and convenience，we have a clean waiting room with satellite TV and Wi­Fi!

　　Promotions

　　•Free Tire Rotation(换位) (Normal

　　20) with Oil Change Through Apr.30

　　•10% Off Repairs Over 100

　　•30 Off Brake Service

　　Our Services

　　Auto Repair/Brake Repair/Oil Change/Transmission Repair/Truck Repair/Auto Diagnostic

　　Business Hours

　　Monday to Thursday：8 AM to 5：30 PM

　　Friday：8 AM to 5 PM

　　Saturday：8 AM to 4 PM

　　Sunday：Closed

　　Build a relationship with us and get great auto repair service each and every time！Come to Made in Japan Europe USA today to speak with a mechanic from our team.We also have flexible，trouble­free scheduling available.We look forward to working with you.

　　Call Today！408­740­5204

　　Read What One Customer Is Saying

　　“Yes，I would recommend Made in Japan to anyone needing work in their car.I find the personal to be honest，the communication and every step of the way very clear as well as the convenience to drop off the car or have a courtesy shuttle take you home.”

　　—Viva Gallegos，May 2017

　　1．According to the ad，Made In Japan Morgan Hill

　　.

　　A．is a company devoted to car selling service

　　B．can be found throughout the USA

　　C．only provides service to cars made in Japan

　　D．opens every day except Sunday

　　答案　D

　　解析　细节理解题。根据Business Hours提供的信息“Sunday：Closed”可知，D项正确。

　　2．On which of the following occasions can you save most?

　　A．When you need tire rotation.

　　B．When you purchase oil change through Apr.30.

　　C．When your repairing cost is 150.

　　D．When you need brake service.

　　答案　D

　　解析　细节理解题。根据Promotions中提供的信息“Free Tire Rotation(换位)(Normal

　　20) with Oil Change Through Apr.30”可知，在4月30日之前换位和换油可节省20美元；根据信息“10% Off Repairs Over

　　100”可知，当修理费用为150美元时，可节省10美元；根据信息“ 30 Off Brake Service”可知，修理刹车服务可节省30美元，故D项正确。

　　3．It can be inferred from the passage that

　　.

　　A．you can’t surf the Internet while in the waiting room

　　B．the company will take your home for free while your car is under repair

　　C．the business hours of the company are absolutely fixed

　　D．the staff only work at workdays

　　答案　B

　　解析　推理判断题。由文中最后部分客户的评价“the convenience to drop off the car or have a courtesy shuttle take you home”可知他们免费送客户回家。

　　4．Why is Viva Gallegos mentioned in the passage?

　　A．To praise its staff.

　　B．To attract more customers.

　　C．To inform readers of more information.

　　D．To give readers some recommendations.

　　答案　B

　　解析　推理判断题。本文是一则广告，文中提到了顾客对这家车辆服务公司的赞扬，很明显是为了吸引更多的顾客。

　　B

　　We all know that global warming is caused by greenhouse gases，largely carbon dioxide，which are given out by everything ranging from home appliances(电器) and cars to the heating and lighting systems of office buildings.But since we don’t see the gas，most of us simply shake our heads and then continue with our bad habits.Now，researchers at Arizona State University are trying to change that.

　　Directed by associate professor Kevin Gurndy，the Hestia Project’s main goal is to make something that is currently intangible(无形的) into something a little more tangible，by allowing all of us to visually see how much each and every one of us is “contributing” to global warming.

　　In order to obtain a complete picture of the city’s environment，the team begins by collecting data from all different sources.Then，using special software，they divide the emissions into three categories—commercial entities(实体)(office buildings and industrial plants)，households and vehicles.This is the stage where things start to get really interesting.That’s because instead of showing all this information using graphs that we all instantly lose interest in，they create a visual“film”that shows not only the carbon emitted by each entity，but also the exact location it is coming from and the amount，which varies depending on the time of day or season.For example，the car emissions during rush hours are the highest，as is the case for commercial buildings during the day，especially during winter months when the heating is on.

　　Kevin knows that some of the data shown may start a blame game among the residents(居民) of the city.However，he is hoping that the people will go beyond that and use it to make changes in their daily lives instead.

　　5．According to the text，most people ignore the problem of greenhouse gases mainly because

　　.

　　A．the problem is not very serious

　　B．bad living habits are hard to change

　　C．greenhouse gases can’t be seen

　　D．they think they have done nothing wrong

　　答案　C

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“But since we don’t see the gas，most of us simply shake our heads and then continue with our bad habits.”可知，人们因为看不见温室气体，所以容易将其忽略。

　　6．With the efforts of Kevin’s team，people can

　　.

　　A．see a film about the effects of greenhouse gases

　　B．study methods of cutting greenhouse gases

　　C．know a certain place’s emission at different times

　　D．get information on emissions with various graphs

　　答案　C

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“...that shows not only the carbon emitted by each entity，but also the exact location it is coming from and the amount，which varies depending on the time of day or season.”可知，通过该系统，人们可以看到特定地点不同时间的碳排放情况。

　　7．By saying “some of the data shown may start a blame game among the residents(居民) of the city”，the author means that

　　.

　　A．Kevin’s team may get criticized

　　B．the Hestia Project may be treated as a game

　　C．residents may feel guilty of their bad behavior

　　D．people may accuse each other of carbon emissions

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意理解题。结合下句“However，he is hoping that the people will go beyond that and use it to make changes in their daily lives instead.”可知该句是说，各处的温室气体排放情况在人们面前一目了然，因此人们可能会相互指责。

　　8．What’s the purpose of the text?

　　A．To introduce a research project.

　　B．To give advice on cutting emissions.

　　C．To show the harm of carbon emissions.

　　D．To call on people to protect the environment.

　　答案　A

　　解析　写作目的题。全文主要介绍了Kevin Gurndy和他的团队做的一个研究项目Hestia Project。

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　My first­grade teacher，Mr.Gunderson，once told my class a story.A father is killed in a car accident and the son is

　　9

　　hurt.But when the boy arrives at the

　　10

　　，the doctor on duty says，“I can’t

　　11

　　surgery on this patient.This is my son！” Mr.Gunderson asked，“Who is the doctor？” Hands went up and my classmates shouted out

　　12

　　，but they didn’t arrive at the correct answer.Mr.Gunderson didn’t let me

　　13

　　because he knew it would be very easy for me to understand that the surgeon was the boy’s

　　14

　　.I suppose that Mr.Gunderson’s

　　15

　　would be a lot easier for today’s first­graders.

　　Being a doctor at that time，my mother was considered very

　　16

　　because female doctors were rare then.

　　17

　　，to my sister and me，she was and is just Mom.When we were kids，we came home from school to a

　　18

　　，who watched us until our parents came home.Mom took Fridays off so she could spend more time with us，and we could tell that she felt

　　19

　　about not being home more often.

　　My younger sister and I

　　20

　　at a fairly young age that this was Mom’s weak spot，and we

　　21

　　it mercilessly whenever we wanted a new toy or snacks.I wish I had

　　22

　　doing that the first time Mom told me about one of her

　　23

　　who had died，but I’m sure I didn’t.I can’t imagine what it’s like to spend all day taking care of other people’s

　　24

　　children，some of whom are not going to

　　25

　　it，and then come home to find that your own kids are acting like that.We were just like

　　26

　　brats(顽童) then.I suppose she could have worked that angle to find our guilty weak spots to make us

　　27

　　，but she never did.I think I’d better

　　28

　　her for that.

　　9．A.simply

　　B．gradually

　　C．frequently

　　D．seriously

　　答案　D

　　解析　根据前文父亲在车祸中死亡且用“and”连接并列句，下文又提到男孩需要做手术可知，这个孩子伤得很重。seriously严重地，符合语境。

　　10．A.hospital

　　B．room

　　C．station

　　D．spot

　　答案　A

　　解析　根据下文“the doctor on duty says...”可知，孩子被送到了医院。

　　11．A.determine

　　B．represent

　　C．perform

　　D．deliver

　　答案　C

　　解析　这位医生说：“我不能给这个病人做手术。这是我儿子！”perform做，执行，符合语境。determine决定，决心；represent表示，象征；deliver递送。

　　12．A.programs

　　B．guesses

　　C．dreams

　　D．suggestions

　　答案　B

　　解析　作者的同学们举手喊出自己的猜想，但他们谁也没有给出正确的答案。guess猜想，符合语境。

　　13．A.conclude

　　B．remind

　　C．answer

　　D．question

　　答案　C

　　解析　根据下文“because he knew it would be very easy for me to understand that...”可知，老师知道这个问题对于作者来说很容易理解，所以没有让作者回答(answer)。conclude断定；remind提醒；question询问。

　　14．A.grandpa

　　B．mother

　　C．stepfather

　　D．uncle

　　答案　B

　　解析　根据第二段的第一句可知，作者的母亲是一名医生，所以作者会很容易知道那个外科医生是男孩的母亲。

　　15．A.trick

　　B．explanation

　　C．theory

　　D．puzzle

　　答案　D

　　解析　作者认为Gunderson先生出的这道难题对于今天的一年级的孩子来说会很简单。trick诡计，欺诈；explanation解释；theory理论；puzzle难题，困惑。

　　16．A.special

　　B．silly

　　C．wealthy

　　D．average

　　答案　A

　　解析　根据下文“because female doctors were rare then”可知，当时女医生很少，所以作者的母亲被认为是很特别的(special)。silly傻的；wealthy富有的；average平均的。

　　17．A.Therefore

　　B．However

　　C．Also

　　D．Last

　　答案　B

　　解析　虽然女医生当时很少见，但对于作者和妹妹而言，她只是母亲。前后是转折关系，因此选择B。

　　18．A.member

　　B．father

　　C．passer­by D．baby­sitter

　　答案　D

　　解析　根据下文“who watched us until our parents came home”可知，作者和妹妹由临时保姆(baby­sitter)照顾。

　　19．A.angry

　　B．curious

　　C．careful

　　D．sorry

　　答案　D

　　解析　根据下文“about not being home more often”可知，作者和妹妹知道母亲因不能常在家照顾她们而感到愧疚。

　　20．A.made

　　B．figured

　　C．designed

　　D．worked

　　答案　B

　　解析　根据第二段最后一句中的“we could tell that she felt

　　about not being home more often”可知，作者和妹妹很小就认为这是母亲的弱点。figure认为，以为，符合语境。

　　21．A.took advantage of

　　B．looked forward to

　　C．kept away from

　　D．looked down upon

　　答案　A

　　解析　作者和妹妹利用母亲的弱点使自己的要求得到满足，比如新玩具或零食。take advantage of利用；look forward to期待；keep away from远离；look down upon轻视，瞧不起。

　　22．A.continued

　　B．started

　　C．stopped

　　D．considered

　　答案　C

　　解析　当作者的母亲第一次向作者讲述一个去世的病人(patients)的故事时，作者希望自己停止(stopped)那样做。

　　23．A.colleagues

　　B．friends

　　C．patients

　　D．relatives

　　答案　C

　　解析　参见上题解析。

　　24．A.educated

　　B．sick

　　C．exciting

　　D．dangerous

　　答案　B

　　解析　作者无法想象整天照顾别人家生病的孩子，有的还不能活下来，回到家又看到自己的孩子也是这个样子是什么感受。此处指被医生照顾的生病的孩子。

　　25．A.mention

　　B．favor

　　C．require

　　D．make

　　答案　D

　　解析　make it表示“渡过难关(指重病或重伤)”，为固定搭配。

　　26．A.spoiled

　　B．supported

　　C．honored

　　D．defeated

　　答案　A

　　解析　作者意识到当时自己和妹妹就像是被宠坏了的顽童。spoiled表示“宠坏的”，符合语境。

　　27．A.imagine

　　B．cry

　　C．wait

　　D．obey

　　答案　D

　　解析　作者觉着妈妈本可找到我们的软肋使我们顺从，可她却没这么做。obey遵从，服从，顺从，符合语境。

　　28．A.judge

　　B．support

　　C．thank

　　D．hate

　　答案　C

　　解析　此处指作者感谢(thank)母亲没有那样做。

　　Ⅲ.写作素材(关于沙漠探索)

　　1．探索沙漠是令人劳累和不舒服的事情。

　　2．但去沙漠冒险是我的志向之一。

　　3．要做到这一点，需要进行严格的训练，充分的准备，需要具有坚强的毅力和耐心。

　　4．在沙漠中有可能存活不下来，有失去生命的危险。

　　5．但我相信我能实现我的目标。

　　提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用动名词作主语，what’s more，otherwise，however等词语。

　　连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇60词左右的英语短文)

　　Exploring the desert is tiring and uncomfortable.But going to the desert for adventure is one of my ambitions.To do this，I am required to have rigorous training，adequate preparation；what’s more，I need to have strong willpower and patience.Otherwise，I may not survive in the desert，or even run the risk of losing my life.However，I believe I can achieve my aim.