2017届高考英语一轮复习基础巩固学案：Challenging Yourself Ⅰ Using a Dictionary》（重大版必修2）

　　重点单词识记

　　1．division /dIvIʒ(ə)n/ n．(分出来的)部分；分开；区分；分配

　　2．desire /dIzaIə(r)/ vt.想要；渴望；希望(做某事)；n.愿望；欲望

　　3．consider /kənsIdə(r)/ vt.认为；以为；考虑

　　4．narrow /nærəʊ/ adj.狭的；窄的；狭小的

　　5．rude /ruːd/ adj.原始的；粗鲁的；无理的

　　6.differently /′dIfrəntlI/ adv.不同地；不一致地；有差别地→different adj.不同的；有差别的→difference n．不同；区别→differ vi.不同；相异

　　7．accomplish /əkɒmplIʃ/ vt.完成；成就；达到(目的)→accomplishment

　　n．完成；实现；成就

　　8．various /veərIəs/ adj.各种各样的；多方面的→variety n．各种各样；种类繁多

　　9．formal /fɔːml/ adj.正式的；仪式上的→informal adj.非正式的；简略的；口语的

　　10．impolite /ˌImpəlaIt/ adj.没礼貌的；粗鲁的→polite adj.有礼貌的；文雅的

　　11．helpful /helpf(ə)l/ adj.有帮助的；有益的；有用的→helpless adj.无帮助的；无依无靠的；无保护的

　　.重点短语识记

　　1．work_as任……职，做……工作

　　2．come_out出现；出版；(意义)清楚

　　3．apart_from除了……

　　4._look_up查找；检查

　　5．make_out设法应付；了解；声称

　　6．make_sure确定；确保

　　.经典原句默写与背诵

　　1．It took him over 27 years to_write_his_book.

　　他花了27年多的时间来完成这本书。

　　2．There_comes_a_time_when context clues and knowledge of word parts is not enough to help you understand an unknown word’s meaning.

　　有时，上下文线索和词根方面的知识不足以让你明白一个生词的意思。

　　3．The dictionary is more_than a record of a word’s meaning.

　　词典不仅仅只记录着单词的意思。

　　4．Apart_from the meaning of a word，we can look up many things in the dictionary：...

　　除了单词的意思之外，我们还能在词典中查到许多东西：……

　　1．Highly trained technicians are in great demand.(untrained)

　　2．That narrowed the range of the group’s responses and pointed them in the wrong direction.(narrow)

　　3．Her rudeness was an example of her typically bad manners.(rude)

　　4．Don’t make any decisions before you’ve considered the matter.(consider)

　　5．It was one of the president’s greatest accomplishments.(accomplish)

　　6．People changed their minds for a variety of reasons.(various )

　　1

　　graduate from从……毕业

　　graduate in毕业于……专业

　　graduation n．毕业

　　It was my first job after graduation.

　　这是我毕业后的第一个工作。

　　夯实基础

　　(1)同义句改写

　　As soon as he graduated from university，he was sent where he was needed most.(用“on＋名词”结构改写句子)

　　On_his_graduation_from_university，he_was_sent_where_he_was_needed_most.

　　(2)翻译句子

　　你什么时候毕的业？

　　When_did_you_graduate?

　　2

　　have a desire for sth./to do sth.渴望得到某物/做……

　　satisfy one’s desire满足某人的愿望

　　at one’s desire照某人的希望；应某人的要求

　　desire to do...希望做……

　　desire sb.to do...希望某人做某事

　　They seem to have lost their desire for life.

　　他们似乎已丧失了对生活的渴望。

　　He desired me to inform her that he had made his peace with God.

　　他想让我告诉她他已接受了上天的安排，获得了心灵的安宁。

　　特别提醒

　　desire后接宾语从句、同位语从句或表语从句时，从句中使用“should＋do”，should可省略。

　　夯实基础

　　(1)同义句改写

　　He desires that I should go abroad for further education.(用desire to do改写句子)

　　He_desires_me_to_go_abroad_for_further_education.

　　(2)用所给动词的适当形式填空

　　His friendly warnings have caused the desired_(desire) response.

　　②Anyone desiring(desire) to vote must come to the meeting.

　　③I desire that these letters (should)_be_burnt (burn) after my retirement.

　　3

　　accomplish one’s object/aim达到某人的目标

　　We didn’t accomplish much at work this week.

　　我们这星期在工作上没什么成就。

　　词义辨析　accomplish，complete，finish

　　(1)accomplish强调一个过程的完成，也可指依靠努力达到目的或结果。

　　(2)complete侧重指完成预定的任务或使某事完善，补足缺少的部分等。

　　(3)finish侧重圆满地结束或完成已着手的事，尤指日常事务的完成或结束。

　　夯实基础

　　用accomplish，complete，finish的适当形式填空

　　(1)Though he had time，yet he didn’t

　　finish his work.

　　(2)They didn’t accomplish the purpose desired.

　　(3)We should try our best to complete our plan.

　　(4)What have you done to

　　accomplish your dreams?

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．She has a strong ________ for fame.

　　A．intention

　　B．fortune

　　C．purpose

　　D．desire

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为：她强烈地渴望获得名声。have a desire for渴望得到……。

　　2．How do you plan to ________ your life goal?

　　A．accomplish

　　B．complete

　　C．finish

　　D．all the above

　　答案　A

　　解析　A、B、C三项都有“完成”的意思，但只有accomplish 有“实现”的意思。句意为：你打算如何实现你的人生目标？

　　3．The old woman ________ her sons and daughters ________ and see her from time to time.

　　A．suggested；to come

　　B．hoped；to come

　　C．desired；coming

　　D．desired；to come

　　答案　D

　　解析　suggest doing...建议做……；hope to do sth.希望做……；desire sb.to do...希望某人做……。句意为：这位老妇人希望她的儿女们不时地来看望她。

　　4．He is one of Scotland’s most ________ pianists.

　　A．accomplishing

　　B．accomplishment

　　C．accomplish

　　D．accomplished

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为：他是苏格兰最杰出的钢琴家之一。accomplished熟练的，有才艺的，符合题意。

　　5．After________the university he was sent to work in a factory in his hometown.

　　A．graduate from

　　B．graduating

　　C．graduating from

　　D．graduate

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：他大学毕业后，被派到家乡的一个工厂里工作。after 为介词，后面要跟动名词形式，所以排除A、D两项，“从……学校毕业”应用graduate from。故选C项。

　　.汉译英

　　我18岁了今年七月即将从新星外语学校毕业。(graduate)(2011·辽宁·书面表达)

　　I’m_18_years_old_and_will_be_graduating_from_Xinxing_Foreign_Languages_School_this_July.

　　1．She works_as a nurse in the hospital.

　　2．Apart_from that，he had no private income.

　　3．The state should make_sure that everyone could enjoy themselves，whether you work or not.

　　4．They stayed until the last person came_out.

　　5．Look_up this word in the dictionary.

　　1

　　in order not to do...为了不做……

　　in order for sb.to do...为了让某人做……

　　so as to do...为了做……

　　in order that/so that为了……

　　So，in order to increase people’s awareness of protecting polar bears，I apply for the spokesman for polar bears sincerely.

　　因此，为了提高人们保护北极熊的意识，我真诚地申请为北极熊代言。(2011·重庆·书面表达)

　　特别提醒

　　in order to与so as to都可以表示目的，但so as to不能用于句首，而in order to既可置于句首，也可置于句中。两者都可转换成in order that/so that引导的状语从句。

　　夯实基础

　　同义句改写

　　(1)He ordered me to remain in order that I could put his papers in order.(用in order to改写句子)

　　He_ordered_me_to_remain_in_order_for_me_to_put_his_papers_in_order.

　　(2)Members work hard so as to support each other and not let the team down.(用so that改写句子)

　　Members_work_hard_so_that_they_can_support_each_other_and_not_let_the_team_down.

　　2

　　instead of后面可接名词、代词、形容词、副词、动名词、介词短语、动词等。

　　instead adv.代替，可置于句首或句末，在句首时常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。

　　Instead of shouting empty slogans，it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need.

　　不要空喊口号，把书和体育用品捐给那些需要的孩子们会更有意义。(2017·江苏·书面表达)

　　夯实基础

　　用所给词的适当形式填空

　　(1)This order of yours is smaller instead of larger(large)．

　　(2)He will go instead of me(my)．

　　(3)He went to the library instead of going(go) to see the sight.

　　(4)That increased instead of decreased(decrease) our courage.

　　(5)They went there on foot instead of by_bus(bus)．

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．All these gifts must be mailed immediately ________ in time for Christmas.

　　A．in order to have received

　　B．in order to receive

　　C．so as to be received

　　D．so as to be receiving

　　答案　C

　　解析　主语gifts和receive之间为被动关系，故只有C为正确答案。

　　2．________ the weather，the sports meet will be held on time.

　　A．Instead of

　　B．In relation to

　　C．Regardless of

　　D．In favor of

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：不管天气如何，运动会都会按时举行。regardless of不管，不顾，符合句意。instead of代替，而不是；in relation to关于，涉及；in favor of有利于，支持。

　　3．—I was surprised to see wild flowers in Alaska.

　　—Many people think there is nothing ________ice and snow.

　　A．except for

　　B．rather than

　　C．apart from

　　D．regardless of

　　答案　C

　　解析　第二句意为“许多人认为那儿除了冰和雪之外什么也没有”，apart from除了，也可用except。

　　.汉译英

　　1．为了鼓励学生进行户外锻炼，我们学校在4月10号组织了爬山活动。(in order to)(2017·江西·书面表达)

　　In_order_to_encourage_the_students_to_take_outdoor_exercise，our_school_organized_a_mountain­climbing_on_April_10.

　　2．父母不应为孩子包办一切，而应是鼓励他们克服困难，激励他们自我发展。(instead of)(2017·福建·书面表达)

　　Instead_of_doing_everything_for_them，parents_should_encourage_their_children_to_overcome_difficulties_and_inspire_them_to_develop_by_themselves.

　　It took/takes sb.some time to do...花了某人多少时间做……

　　表达“花费”的其他句型：

　　(1)sb.＋spend...on sth./in doing...

　　(2)sth.＋cost sb...

　　(3)sb.＋pay...for sth.

　　(4)sb.＋buy...for＋钱

　　It took me years to get back on my feet.

　　我花了好几年才重新找到自己。

　　It’s going to cost me over $100,000 to buy new trucks.

　　买几辆新卡车将花掉我10多万美元。

　　夯实基础

　　用take，cost，spend，pay，buy的适当形式填空

　　(1)It takes the boy most of his free time to learn drawing.

　　(2)I spent $120 on the books.

　　(3)She pays ￡200 a week for this apartment.

　　(4)Good words cost nothing，but are worth much.

　　(5)He bought the bag for ten dollars.

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．The accident________ him his life.It________ 3 years for his wife to________ off the debts he left.

　　A．took；spent；pay

　　B．cost；spent；take

　　C．cost；took；pay

　　D．spent；cost；take

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：事故使他失去了生命，他的妻子花费了3年的时间才还清了他留下的债务。sth.costs sb....，it takes sb. some time to do...为固定句型，pay off为固定短语。故选C项。

　　2．So difficult ________ it to live in an English­speaking country that I determined to learn English well.

　　A．I have felt

　　B．have I felt

　　C．I did feel

　　D．did I feel

　　答案　D

　　解析　“so ＋形容词”放在句首，主句要用倒装语序，再根据时态选D项。

　　3．Tom kept quiet about the accident ________ lose his job.

　　A．so not as to

　　B．so as not to

　　C．so as to not

　　D．not so as to

　　答案　B

　　解析　so as to...的否定式是so as not to...。

　　.汉译英

　　现在你正在告诉他你是怎样理解的这幅画，你为什么这么想。(what makes...)(2017·北京·开放作文)

　　Now_you_are_telling_him_how_you_understand_the_picture_and_what_makes_you_think_so.

　　1．On Monday mornings it usually ________ me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.(2017·陕西，11)

　　A．takes

　　B．is taking

　　C．took

　　D．will take

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为：我通常在周一早上要开一个小时的车去上班，尽管实际上只有二十英里的路程。由usually可知应用一般现在时。

　　2．You have to move out of the way_________the truck cannot get past you.(2017·新课标全国，34)

　　A．so

　　B．or

　　C．and

　　D．but

　　答案　B

　　解析　or否则，不然的话。句意为：你别挡道，否则那辆卡车过不去。

　　3．The police officers in our city work hard ________ the rest of us can live a safe life.(2011·上海，37)

　　A．in case

　　B．as if

　　C．in order that

　　D．only if

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：我们城市里的警察努力工作目的是为

　　了让我们生活得安全。in order that引导目的状语从句，符合句意。

　　4．The young man couldn’t afford a new car.________，he bought a used one.(2011·天津，9)

　　A．Besides

　　B．Otherwise

　　C．Instead

　　D．Still

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：这个年轻人买不起一辆新汽车，他就买了辆二手汽车代替。besides此外，表示语意上的递进；otherwise否则的话，表示语意的转折；instead相反，取而代之，符合语境；still仍旧。

　　5．________ good service，the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.(2011·福建，22)

　　A．Far from

　　B．Apart from

　　C．Instead of

　　D．Regardless of

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为：除了良好的服务以外，这家餐馆还提供不同种类的传统福建美食。far from离……远，远非；apart from除……之外(还)；instead of代替，而不是；regardless of不管。由句意可知B项正确。