2017届高考英语一轮复习基础巩固学案：Unit 2《Working the land》（重大版必修4）

　　Unit 2　Working the land.语境填词

　　1．In the old days the working people used to suffer from cold and __________(饥饿)．They often went ________(hunger)．

　　2．The big company，which ________(生产，制造) thousands of tons of wine every year，________(输出)about 20,000 boxes of wine to the US last year.

　　3．People are ________(困惑的) about all the different labels on these bottles ________(discovery) underground.

　　4．Blood ________(循环) through the body ________(freedom)．

　　5．Having worked on the seaside and exposed to strong sunshine，the superstar’s skin was ________(晒黑)，which ________(disturbing)her very much these days.

　　.选词填空

　　…free of,be rich in,search out, be concerned with, buid up

　　1．You must ________________ your bad habit of carelessness，or you will fail in the exam.

　　2．It’s too far，so I ________________ go there by train than by bus.

　　3．You’ve done well at school.No wonder your parents ________________________ you.

　　4．I’m very glad to see that your vocabulary is gradually ________________.

　　5．The meeting ________________________ reforms and everyone present was interested in it.

　　6．In order to ________________ the truth，he spent about two years staying in the lonely village.

　　7．Our country ________________ natural resources.

　　8．Eating well and good exercise can __________ you ________________ cold.

　　.完成句子

　　1．他总是第一个来且最后一个离开。

　　He is always the first ________________ and the last ________________.

　　2．他们的房子比你们的房子大两倍。

　　Their house is ________________________ yours.

　　＝Their house is ________________________ yours.

　　＝Their house is ________________________ yours.

　　3．我永远也忘不了毕业宴会上校长说的话。

　　I’ll never forget ________________________________ at the graduation party.

　　4．如果每天浇一次水，这花会长得很好。

　　________________________，the flower will grow very well.

　　5．我认为该受责备的是汤姆而不是你。

　　I think Tom，________________________，is to blame.

　　.单项填空

　　1．People should open the window in the morning to make air________ in order to keep the indoor air fresh.

　　A．spread

　　B．remove

　　C．float

　　D．circulate

　　2．I，along with my classmates，always ________ Lisa with her sister—they are so alike.(2011·黄冈中学模拟)

　　A．suffer

　　B．combine

　　C．connect

　　D．confuse3．At times the balance of nature is ________，resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.

　　A．troubled

　　B．confused

　　C．disturbed

　　D．puzzled

　　4．—I am wondering whether you can remember the name of the place.

　　—I’m afraid that ________ me for the moment.

　　A．reminds

　　B．worries

　　C．disturbs

　　D．escapes

　　5．It was the young doctor that ________ her of the pain；she felt better after the operation.

　　A．reminded

　　B．robbed

　　C．informed

　　D．ridded

　　6．Having heard my answer，the master nodded ________ satisfaction，“I’m quite satisfied ________ you.”

　　A．with；with

　　B．on；by

　　C．in；to

　　D．in；of

　　7．This plan will be kept ________.

　　A．carrying out

　　B．from carrying out

　　C．being carried out

　　D．from being carried out

　　8．What a table！I’ve never seen such a thing before.It is ________ it is long.

　　A．half not as wide as

　　B．wide not as half as

　　C．not half as wide as

　　D．as wide as not half

　　9．He is the last person ______ to Mary’s birthday party.

　　A．to invite

　　B．to be invited

　　C．invited

　　D．being invited

　　10．______ his parents，he would work in a local factory.

　　A．Rather than leave

　　B．Rather than leaving

　　C．Rather than to leave

　　D．Instead of leaving1．struggle 斗争，拼搏；奋斗；努力

　　【归纳拓展】

　　struggle against/with同……作斗争，与……抗争

　　struggle with...for...为争取……而与……作斗争

　　struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来

　　They struggled in their desperate attempts to escape but missed the exit and started heading in the wrong direction.(2010·湖北，阅读理解A)

　　他们在无望的尝试中挣扎着逃走，但错过了出口，开始朝错的方向前进。

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)There were no ________________________ at the murder scene.

　　在凶杀现场没有搏斗的痕迹。

　　(2)She ________________________________ and continued walking.

　　她挣扎着站起来，继续走。

　　(3)As we know，________ is the bridge to success.

　　A．struggle

　　B．war

　　C．conflict

　　D．fight2．expand (使)变大；伸展；(使)膨胀

　　________ n．扩大；扩张

　　________ adj.易扩张的【归纳拓展】

　　expand on/upon sth.详细阐明；充分叙述

　　expand in...在……方面膨胀

　　expand into...扩展成为……，膨胀成……

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)A child’s vocabulary ________________ reading.一个孩子的词汇量通过阅读得到扩大。

　　(2)Why not try to ________________________ a novel？为什么不把你的故事扩展成小说呢？

　　(3)________ a series，the story will become more famous.

　　A．Expanding in

　　B．Expanded in

　　C．Expanded into

　　D．Expanding into　3．regret 遗憾；惋惜；遗憾；懊悔

　　【归纳拓展】

　　regret doing sth.后悔做了某事

　　regret to do sth.(常和tell，say，inform等词连用)对将要做某事表示遗憾

　　to one’s regret让某人感到遗憾的是

　　He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he could have expressed it differently.(2009·江苏，28)

　　他并没有遗憾说了他所做的事情，但是他觉得他本来可以用别的方式表达。

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)I ________________ say I am unable to help you.很抱歉，我爱莫能助。

　　(2)I ________________ unable to come today.

　　＝I regret that I can’t come today.

　　今天我不能前来，很遗憾。

　　(3)We regret________ you that you are to be dismissed next week.(2011·昌都地区调研)

　　A．telling

　　B．to tell

　　C．to be told

　　D．tell4．comment 评论；理解；意见

　　【归纳拓展】

　　have a/some/any comment(s) on/about sth.对……有评论、意见

　　ask for comment征求意见

　　make comments on sth.评论某事

　　no comment无可奉告

　　comment on评论，谈论；对……提意见

　　My other comment is that the text aged.(2010·湖北，阅读理解D)

　　我另一个评价是这篇文章过时了。

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)The teacher often ________________ how different the two boys are.

　　老师经常谈论这两个男孩有多么不同。

　　(2)Have you ________________________ the proposals?

　　你对这些建议有什么意见吗？

　　(3)He made several critical (批评性的)________ on his new book.(2011·滨州调研)

　　A．punishments

　　B．commentsC．opinions

　　D．ideas5.equip vt.配备；装备

　　________ n．装备；设备

　　【归纳拓展】

　　equip...with...用……装备……

　　be equipped with...装备有……

　　equip sb.for (doing) sth.使某人为(做)某事而准备

　　equip sb.to do sth.使某人能够做某事

　　a piece of equipment一件设备【活学活用】

　　(1)Your education will ________________ your future life.

　　你所接受的教育将使你能适应今后的生活。

　　(2)The explorers were told to________ themselves with everything they would need for their voyage.

　　A．communicate

　　B．feed

　　C．equip

　　D．associa　6．thanks to幸亏；由于，因为

　　(1)thanks to是介词短语，只能作状语，多用于褒义。

　　(2)due to意为“因为，由于”，可以作表语或状语，不能位于句首。be due to do sth.意为“被安排去做某事”。

　　(3)owing to意为“由于”，多用作状语，作状语时常用逗号隔开。

　　(4)because of语气最强，多用于表示直接原因。一般放在主句之后，有时也可放在主句之前。

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)用thanks to，due to，owing to，because of填空

　　The accident was ________ careless driving.

　　②____________ his carelessness，Tom failed in the exam.

　　____________ his tiredness，he does not want to go with us.

　　Everyone knows about it now，____________ you!

　　(2)________ his help，we solved the problem.

　　A．For

　　B．Because

　　C．Thanks to

　　D．Due to7．build up建立，确立；增进；扩大

　　【归纳拓展】

　　turn up找到；证明出；调大

　　set up建立

　　make up编造；化妆

　　bring up抚养；呕吐

　　take up占据；从事

　　He built up his fortune from scratch.

　　他白手起家积累起了财富。

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)They ________________________ a powerful army.他们已建立起一支强大的军队。

　　(2)You need rest to ________________________ after your illness.

　　生病后，你需要多休息来恢复体力。

　　(3)Taking exercise helps us________ our body and keep a clear mind.(2011·泰安月考)

　　A．put up

　　B．build up

　　C．set up

　　D．make up8．lead to导致，造成(后果)(cause，result in)；通向

　　【归纳拓展】

　　lead sb.to do sth.致使某人做某事

　　lead sb.to sth.使某人得出；引导某人

　　in the lead领先；处于首位

　　take the lead带头；领先

　　(1)We firmly believe that war never settles anything.It only leads to violence.

　　我们坚决认为战争不会解决任何事情，只会导致暴力。

　　(2)This street will lead you to the center of the city.这条大街可以使你到市中心。

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)What ________________ believe I was not good at maths?

　　是什么使你相信我数学不好的？

　　(2)It is said that a cigarette end ________________________________ the forest fire.

　　据说是一个烟头引起了这场森林大火。

　　(3)The discovery of new evidence led to________.

　　A．the thief having caught

　　B．catch the thief

　　C．the thief being caught

　　D．the thief to be caught

　　9．free from不受……影响的；没有……的

　　【归纳拓展】

　　for free免费

　　be free of摆脱了……的

　　set free 释放；使获得自由

　　Aunty Misery was free from the trouble at last. (2008·陕西，完形填空)

　　米斯里阿姨最终摆脱了烦恼。

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)The Chinese Central Government ________ the

　　farmers ______________ farming tax.

　　中国中央政府免除了农民的农业税。

　　(2)If I owned a restaurant，I could eat ____________________________________________.

　　如果我有餐馆，我就可以免费就餐了。

　　(3)Can’t we just live in today，________ the worries of tomorrow or the regrets of the rest？(2011·银川统考)

　　A．free from

　　B．aware of

　　C．sure of

　　D．tired 10．What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat?

　　译文　___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　句式提取：特殊疑问词＋do you think＋陈述句

　　能用于此结构的还有：do you believe/suppose/expect/suggest等。

　　What do you think he will do next?

　　你认为他下一步要做什么？

　　【活学活用】

　　(1)________ do you think __________ hand in my homework?

　　你认为是谁帮我交了作业？

　　(2)What prize________ in the following competition?

　　A．do you think you will get

　　B．do you expect will you get

　　C．do you think you have got

　　D．do you expect have you got

　　[写作句型公式]1．It is said/thought/hoped/believed...that...

　　＝Sb.is said/thought/hoped/believed to...

　　It is said that he is studying abroad.

　　＝He is said to be studying abroad.

　　据说他正在国外学习。

　　It is said that he has finished his work.

　　＝He is said to have finished his work.

　　据说他已经完成了他的工作。

　　2．特殊定语从句句型

　　我们大家都知道中国人口最多。

　　(1)As is known to us all，China has the largest population in the world.

　　(2)China has the largest population in the world，which/as is known to us all.

　　(3)It is known to us all that China has the largest population in the world.

　　(4)What is known to us all is that China has the largest population in the world.

　　3．No matter what/which/who/where/when/whose/how...＋从句＋主句

　　Whatever/No matter what you do，wherever you go，I will be here waiting for you.

　　无论你做什么，无论你在哪里，我都会在此等待你。

　　[日常交际用语]33．it’s quite something：something should be admired because it is impressive真了不起；真精彩

　　Running your own company at age 21 is really/quite something.

　　21岁就经营自己的公司，真了不起！

　　34．an overnight success：something suddenly becomes very popular or successful突如其来的成功

　　The show was really an overnight success on Broadway.这场表演在百老汇真是一炮打响。课前准备区

　　.1.hunger；hungry　2.produces；exported

　　3．confused；discovered　4.circulates；freely

　　5．sunburnt；disturbs

　　.1.get rid of　2.would rather　3.are satisfied with　4.building up　5.was concerned with

　　6．search out　7.is rich in　8.keep；free of

　　.1.to come；to leave　2.three times as big as；twice bigger than；three times the size of

　　3．what the headmaster said　4.Watered once a day　5.rather than you

　　.1.D　[考查动词辨析。circulate表示“(空气、液体等的)流通”。spread传播；remove去掉；float漂浮。]

　　2．D　[confuse此处意为“(将……)混淆，混同”。]

　　3．C　[trouble麻烦，添麻烦；confuse使困惑；disturb打乱，扰乱；puzzle迷惑。句意为：有时候，自然界的平衡被打乱了，导致了许多无法预料的后果。故C项符合句意。]

　　4．D　[remind提醒；worry使担忧；disturb打扰，扰乱；escape逃走，避免(不愉快的事物)；被遗忘(不用于被动语态)。句意为：——我想知道你是否能记起那个地方的名字。——恐怕此刻我想不起来了。由句意可知答案为D项。]

　　5．D　[此处是一强调句型。被强调成分是主语the young doctor。考查固定搭配rid sb. of sth.使某人免除……；使某人摆脱……。remind提醒；使想起；rob抢劫；inform通知。]

　　6．A　[with satisfaction满意地；be satisfied with对……满意。]

　　7．D　[keep ...from doing sth.禁止……做某事。]

　　8．C　[考查倍数表达法。]

　　9．B　[不定式作定语，当名词前面有序数词或last，next等词修饰时，名词后面多用不定式作定语。]

　　10．A　[考查would...rather than...宁愿……也不……。将rather than提到句首只是为了强调，其后所接的动词形式应与would后的动词形式一致，仍是原形。]

　　课堂活动区

　　1．活学活用

　　(1)signs of a struggle　(2)struggled to her feet

　　(3)A　[句意为：众所周知，奋斗是通向成功的桥梁。struggle奋斗，努力。]

　　2．expansion；expansive

　　活学活用

　　(1)expands through　(2)expand your story into

　　(3)C　[过去分词短语作状语，和其逻辑主语the story为动宾关系。]

　　3．活学活用

　　(1)regret to　(2)regret being　(3)B　[regret to do sth.对将要做某事表示遗憾，为常用结构。]

　　4．活学活用

　　(1)comments on　(2)any comments on　(3)B　[短语make/have comments on...意为“对……作评价或评论”。]

　　5．equipment

　　活学活用

　　(1)equip you for

　　(2)C　[equip...with...用……装备……，为固定搭配。句意为：探险者被告诉用他们所需要的一切来装备自己。]

　　6．活学活用

　　(1)due to　Owing to　Because of

　　④thanks to

　　(2)C

　　7．活学活用

　　(1)have built up　(2)build up your strength

　　(3)B　[句意为：锻炼身体帮助我们增强体质。build up逐渐增加；增强，符合句意。]

　　8．活学活用

　　(1)led you to　(2)caused/led to/resulted in

　　(3)C　[lead to导致，to为介词，排除B；the thief(贼)与catch(逮)之间为被动关系，排除A；根据题意这贼已被抓，又排除D项。]

　　9．活学活用

　　(1)keeps；free of　(2)for free　(3)A

　　10．你认为将会发生什么如果明天突然没有米吃了。

　　活学活用

　　(1)Who；helped me　(2)A　[do you think/expect用作插入语，后面的从句应用陈述语序，且应用将来时。] .单项填空(建议用时8′)

　　1．The boy lay on his back，his teeth ________ and his glaring eyes ________.(2011·烟台调研)

　　A．set；looked

　　B．set；looking

　　C．setting；looked

　　D．setting；looking

　　2．People are struggling________ pollution.

　　A．for

　　B．against

　　C．to

　　D．on

　　3．It is often said that ________ teachers have ________ very easy life.

　　A．/；/

　　B．/；a

　　C．the；/

　　D．the；a4．—May I open the window to let in some fresh air?

　　—________

　　A．Come on.

　　B．Take care.

　　C．Go ahead!

　　D．Hold on!

　　5．He expanded________ his new theory.

　　A．in

　　B．into

　　C．about

　　D．on

　　6．Susan wanted to be independent from her parents.She tried ________ alone，but she didn’t like it and moved back home.(2011·威海调研)

　　A．living

　　B．to live

　　C．to be living

　　D．having lived

　　7.—You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.

　　—Well，now I regret________ that.

　　A．to do

　　B．to be doing

　　C．to have been done

　　D．having done

　　8．—Anything to say about the latest talk between the two countries?

　　—________

　　A．No comment!

　　B．Nothing to say.

　　C．I beg your pardon?

　　D．Go ahead.

　　9．The factory is equipped________ modern machinery and ________ the most recent techniques.

　　A．with；uses

　　B．on；using

　　C．by；use

　　D．into；to use

　　10．It’s acknowledged that the traffic accident was largely________ the driver’s carelessness.

　　A．because of

　　B．due to

　　C．thanks to

　　D．with a result of

　　11．For all these years I have been working for others.I’m hoping I’ll________ my own business someday.

　　A．turn up

　　B．fix up

　　C．set up

　　D．make up

　　12．Some studies even suggest that playing more________ bigger brains that are________ at reasoning and learning.(2011·滨州月考)

　　A．refers to；good

　　B．turns to；better

　　C．sticks to；good

　　D．leads to；better

　　13．If your wages are small，you’ll be free ________ income tax.

　　A．with

　　B．about

　　C．to

　　D．of

　　14．________ in your class?

　　A．Whom do you think is the tallest student

　　B．Do you think who is the tallest student

　　C．Who do you think is the tallest student

　　D．Who you think is the tallest student

　　15．—He will come tomorrow.

　　—But I’d rather he ________ the day after tomorrow.(2010·日照统考)

　　A．will come

　　B．is coming

　　C．came

　　D．had come

　　.阅读理解

　　A

　　(建议用时7′)

　　Two years ago，the Funk family of suburban Chicago adopted a Chinese baby girl who had been abandoned on a sidewalk near a textile factory in Yangzhou.

　　Last year，the Ramirez family of suburban Miami adopted a girl who had been abandoned a week later on the same spot.

　　Both families named their daughters Mia.It turns out，a first name and Chinese heritage aren’t the only things the three­year­olds have in common.The girls’ mothers—Holly Funk and Diana Ramirez—met on a website for parents who had gone through international adoptions.After a lot of emails comparing photographs and biographical details，DNA testing proved the families’ suspicions: The girls are probably fraternal twins.

　　“I was in shock，” said Ramirez，who lives with her husband Carlos in Pembroke Pines，Florida.“Well，now this is for real.”

　　The Internet and Web groups revolving around international orphanages are increasingly being used to link adopted children with biological kin(亲属)．The site that Funks and Ramirezes used has a membership of 137 people，with 15 sets of twins and 7 sets of siblings whose relationships have been confirmed.

　　At a reunion at Chicago’s O’Hare International Airport，Mia Diamond Funk and Mia Hanying Ramirez shyly surveyed each other，and then reached for each other’s hand.

　　DNA tests establish an 85 percent probability that the girls are at least half­sisters.Scientists do not have a biological parent to test and reach a greater certainty，but given their ages and physical similarities，experts say it is likely they are fraternal twins.

　　Douglas and Holly Funk hope to bring their Mia to Miami in October. Both sets of parents say they are committed to staying in touch and often let the two sisters talk to each other on the phone.16．Both the adopted girls shared a first name ________.

　　A．because they both came from China

　　B．because of their physical similarities

　　C．because their US parents suspected they were twins

　　D．for no good reason

　　17．Why did the girls’ mothers meet on the Internet?

　　A．To compare photographs of the two girls.

　　B．To find the girls’ biological kin.

　　C．To test their suspicions.

　　D．To know how to adopt children.

　　18．Experts are still not 100 percent sure that the two girls are fraternal twins because ________.

　　A．DNA tests are still not accurate enough

　　B．the two girls were born in two different families

　　C．the DNA of a biological parent is still missing

　　D．one girl was born a week later than the other

　　19．What Ramirez said in Paragraph 4

　　suggests that she ________.

　　A．didn’t believe what had happened

　　B．was surprised at what had happened

　　C．didn’t want to accept the fact

　　D．was pleased with what they had done

　　20．What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A．Adopted Sisters Are Reunited

　　B．Adopted Sisters Live Happily in the US

　　C．Suspicion Turned into Reality

　　D．The Stories of Two FamiliesB

　　(建议用时8′)

　　The earth，moon，sun and all visible stars in the sky make up less than one percent of the universe.Almost all the rest is dark matter and dark energy，unknown forces that puzzle astronomers.

　　Observations in recent years have changed the basic understanding of how the universe evolved and have indicated how little is known about the major forces and substances that shaped our world.

　　Astronomers now know that luminous(发光的) matter—stars，planets and hot gas...accounts for only about 0.4 percent of the universe.Non­luminous components，such as black holes and intergalactic(星系间的) gas，make up 3.6 percent.The rest is dark matter，about 23 percent，and dark energy，about 73 percent.

　　Dark matter，sometimes called “cold dark matter”，has been known for some time.Only recently have researchers come to understand the key role it played in the formation of stars，planets and even people.

　　“We owe our very existence to dark matter，” said physicist Paul Steinhardt.“Dark matter dominated the structure formation in the early universe，” Steinhardt said.“For the first few billion years dark matter contained most of the mass of the universe.You can think of ordinary matter as a froth(泡沫状物) of an ocean of dark matter.The dark matter dumps and the ordinary matter falls into it.That led to the formation of the stars and galaxies(星系)．Without dark matter，there would be virtually no structure in the universe.”

　　The nature of dark matter is unknown.It cannot be seen or detected directly.Astronomers know it is there because of its effects on celestial(天上的) objects that can be seen and measured.But the most dominating force of all in the universe is called dark energy, a recently proven power that astronomers say is causing the galaxies in the universe to separate at a faster and faster speed.

　　21．We know from the text that ________.

　　A．all visible stars are very important in the universe

　　B．the basic understanding of the universe evolution was totally wrong

　　C．dark matter is also known as dark energy

　　D．dark energy makes up about three quarters of the universe

　　22．The text tells us “dark matter” ________.

　　A．plays an important part in forming stars，planets and humans

　　B．has been fully understood by researchers

　　C．remains an unimportant force to the universe like dark energy

　　D．has nothing to do with the formation of the universe today

　　23．“The major forces and substances that shaped our world” (in Para.2) refers to ________.

　　A．luminous matter

　　B．non­luminous matter

　　C．dark matter

　　D．ordinary matter

　　24．According to Paul Steinhardt，our existence today ________.

　　A．depends mainly on dark matter

　　B．has something to do with ordinary matter

　　C．results from the formation of celestial objects

　　D．evolves from the mass of the universe

　　25．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

　　A．Dark Matter or Dark Energy

　　B．The Formation of the Universe

　　C．Dark Forces Dominate the UniverseD．Unknown Forces Puzzle Astronomers.单项填空1．B　[考查独立主格结构在句中作伴随状语。teeth与set两个词之间含有逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词；look这一动作是eyes所发出，所以用looking。]

　　2．B　[struggle against同……作斗争，符合句意。]

　　3．B　[第一空表示“泛指”某一职业，不需要用冠词。而第二空短语have a very easy life意思为“过着简朴的生活”，需要用冠词。]

　　4．C　[根据语境可知：去开吧，去做吧。所以答案为C。]

　　5．D　[expand on sth.详细说明某事。]

　　6．A　[考查非谓语动词的用法。根据句意可知苏珊尝试着过一个人的生活，但是不喜欢。]

　　7.D　[regret doing sth.后悔做了某事。]

　　8．A　[A项，“无可奉告”。]

　　9．A　[be equipped with...装备有……，且and前后形式应一致。]

　　10．B

　　11．C　[turn up出现；证明出；调大；fix up修补；解决；set up建立；成立；make up编造；化妆。]

　　12．D　[lead to致使，导致；better此处用来表示比较。]

　　13．D

　　14．C　[do you think作插入语应置于特殊疑问词后，且特殊疑问词作主语。]

　　15．C

　　得分策略

　　[经典例题]　Seeing her father，the little girl ran to him，her schoolbag________ behind her.

　　A．flying　B．flew

　　C．to fly

　　D．was flying

　　错因分析　有些考生会把后面部分当作一个句子，而句子缺少谓语动词，于是误选B或D。其实，前后两部分之间是逗号，说明后面部分不是一个句子，而选项C表示一个还未发生的动作，显然与语境不符，因此选A项。

　　[得分笔记]　在英语中，一般来说，非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子主语。如果它的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，就必须在其非谓语动词之前加上适当的名词或代词。这样“名词或代词＋非谓语动词”就构成了独立主格结构，在句子中作状语。.阅读理解16．D　[推理判断题。两位母亲都给女儿取了Mia这个名字，后来在网上交流时才发现两个女孩长得很像，因此断定两个母亲取名时是无意的，仅是一种巧合。]

　　17．B　[细节理解题。从文章第五段中的“The Internet and Web groups...”可知答案。]

　　18．C　[细节理解题。文章倒数第二段说科学家还没有女孩亲生父亲或母亲的DNA，因此不能作出确切的判断。]

　　19．B　[细节理解题。从第四段Ramirez所说的话可以看出她非常吃惊，但还是相信眼前发生的一切。]

　　20．A　[标题归纳题。这两个姐妹分别被两个家庭收养，最终得以团聚。A项最能体现本文的中心。]

　　21．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“...dark energy，about 73 percent.”可知，正确答案为D项。原文中的account for与make up同义，表示“占(比例)”。]

　　22．A　[细节理解题。通读全文可知，近年来的观察改变了天文学家对于宇宙演变历史的认识，也就是直到最近天文学家才认识到：dark matter(暗物质) 又称为“cold dark matter”，在宇宙早期结构形成的过程中起主导作用。其他选项的陈述都与原文不一致。]

　　23．C　[推理判断题。根据第五段第二句话可知，暗物质(dark matter) 在宇宙早期结构形成的过程中起着支配的作用。]

　　24．A　[细节推断题。第五段第一句话告诉我们，我们今天的存在应归功于暗物质，即暗物质决定了我们的存在。]

　　25．C　[标题归纳题。全文的内容可以概括为：科学家最近认识到暗物质被证明是存在的一种能量，这种能量正影响着整个宇宙的构成，并主宰着宇宙。]

　　得分策略

　　面对较难的阅读材料，该如何下手？(二)

　　[经典例题]

　　The latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not I．Q.，a generally bad predictor of success.Instead，it’s purposeful practice.Top performers spend more hours practising their craft.If you wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop，you’d take a girl who possessed a slightly above average language ability.It wouldn’t have to be a big talent，just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction.Then you would want her to meet，say，a novelist，who coincidentally shared some similar qualities.Maybe the writer was from the same town，had the same family background，or shared the same birthday.

　　This contact would give the girl a vision of her future self.It would give her some idea of a fascinating circle she might someday join...

　　Then she would practise writing.Her practice would be slow，painstaking and error­focused...

　　The primary quality our young writer possesses is not some mysterious genius.It’s the ability to develop a purposeful，laborious and boring practice routine.The latest research takes some of the magic out of great achievement.But it underlines a fact that is often neglected.Public discussion is affected by genetics and what we’re “hard­wired” to do.And it’s true that genes play a role in our capabilities.But the brain is also very plastic.We construct ourselves through behaviour.

　　76．The passage mainly deals with ________.

　　A．the function of I．Q.in cultivating a writer

　　B．the relationship between genius and success

　　C．the decisive factor in making a genius

　　D．the way of gaining some sense of distinction

　　答案解析　C　该文章相对来说比较难，但是考生如果抓住首段和尾段，就能很快找到答案。因为有关主题思想试题的答案往往会在文章首段或尾段总结时给出，抓住首尾段的内容可以轻松克服阅读材料太难的问题。本文为议论文，结构清晰。首段给出讨论的观点，第二段和第三段列举了一个小女孩如何成为一位有天赋的作家的例子，在末段再次重述成功不仅仅取决于基因遗传，更多在于自身实践改变自我的道理。对于主旨大意题，考生应在了解文章结构后，重点寻找与主旨相关的句子，进行深层阅读，把握住关键词。本文的主题可在文章第一段中的第二、第三、第四句中找到。