2017届高考英语一轮复习基础巩固学案：Challenging Yourself Ⅱ《Countries and Regions》（重大版必修4）

　　Ⅰ.重点单词识记

　　1．arouse /əraʊz/ vt.激起；唤起

　　2．mobile /məʊbaIl/ adj.移动的

　　3．reserved /rIzɜːvd/ adj.沉默寡言的；缄默的

　　4．limit /lImIt/ n．限制；界限

　　5．recommend /ˌrekəmend/ vt.推荐；介绍

　　6．moreover /mɔːrəʊvə/ adv.而且；此外

　　7．inquiry /InkwaIərI/ n．询问；调查

　　8．adjust /ədʒʌst/ vi./vt.校准；调整

　　9．admiration /ædməreIʃən/ n．钦佩；羡慕→admire vt.钦佩；羡慕

　　10．technically /teknIkəlI/ adv.技术上地；专门地→technical adj.技术上的；专门的

　　11．symbolize /sImbəlaIz/ vt.象征→symbol n．象征；符号

　　12．convenient /kənviːnjənt/ adj.方便的；合宜的→convenience n．方便；舒适

　　Ⅱ.重点短语识记

　　1. packs of一捆捆的……；一包包的……

　　2．struggle for为……努力

　　3．dig into钻研；挖掘进去

　　4．as a result结果；因此

　　5．on condition that如果；在……条件下

　　6．in advance预先；事先

　　7．from time to time有时；不时

　　Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵

　　1．Never have I lacked interest in reading A Dream of Red Mansions，A Journey to the West，Three Kingdoms, and many others which have been translated into many languages all over the world，including my mother tongue，Indonesian.

　　自始至终我都抱着浓厚的兴趣品读《红楼梦》、《西游记》和《三国演义》等古典名著，还有其他许多被译为多国语言的作品，包括我的母语——印尼语。

　　2．For me，learning about the history of China is like digging into the vast earth；even if you reach the bottom，you are still forced to dig deeper until you reach the deepest foundation.

　　对我而言，对中国历史的学习就好比掘地三尺，即使你已挖到了底，仿佛还有一种力量驱使着你继续挖下去，直到你触到根基。

　　3．Having chosen China in which to do my advanced studies was the best decision I have ever

　　made in my life.

　　选择来中国进修是我一生中作出的最明智的选择。

　　1．She had no other dress suitable for the occasion.(suit)

　　2．A friend can be a reserve of help in times of trouble.(reserved)

　　3．Water exists in three states：liquid，gaseous，and solid.(state)

　　4．You may not like him，but you have got to admire his persistence.(admiration)

　　5．The advance of the enemy troops was stopped by a heavy snow.(advanced)

　　6．It is highly recommended that all weight trainings should be done under supervision of experts.(recommend)

　　7．We are going to hold a party next weekend.Please come at your convenience.(convenient)

　　8．This kind of desk can be adjusted to the height you need.(adjust)

　　1

　　admire sb.for sth.因某事而钦佩/羡慕某人

　　admire sb.as...钦佩某人是……

　　with/in admiration钦佩地

　　in admiration of对……表示钦佩

　　have/express admiration for sb./sth.(表示)羡慕/钦佩某人/某物

　　I really admire your enthusiasm.

　　我确实钦佩你的热情。

　　I have great admiration for her as a writer.

　　我十分钦佩她这个作家。

　　特别提醒

　　admire后不接that引导的宾语从句。

　　夯实基础

　　(1)用admire的适当形式填空

　　①He is always looking in the mirror，admiring himself.

　　②Meg’s eyes widened in admiration.

　　(2)We admire the old scientist for(因……钦佩这位老科学家) his contributions to the country.

　　2

　　recommend sb.sth.＝recommend sth.to sb.向某人推荐某物

　　recommend doing sth.建议(劝告)某人做某事

　　recommend sb.to do sth.劝告某人做……

　　recommend sb.as...推荐某人当……

　　recommend that...(should) do...建议某人做……

　　a letter of recommendation推荐信

　　Secondly，I hope our teachers can recommend more interesting books and magazines and give us more free time to read them.

　　第二，我希望老师能给我们推荐一些更有趣的书和杂志，给我们更多的自由时间进行阅读。(2010·江苏·书面表达)

　　I have just spent a holiday there and would recommend it to anyone.

　　我刚刚在那里度过假，很想把它推荐给每一个人。

　　夯实基础

　　同义句改写

　　I recommend that you should go by subway.(改为简单句)

　　I recommend your going by subway.

　　3

　　There is a limit to...……是有限度的

　　limit...to...把……限定在……之内

　　within the limits of限定在……范围之内

　　over/beyond the limit超量，超出限度

　　set a limit to对……规定限度

　　The team performed to the limit of its capabilities.

　　这个队已竭尽全力。

　　夯实基础

　　(1)In my opinion，you had better set a limit to(对……限定) the expense of your trip.

　　(2)There is a limit to(……是有限度的) what one person can tolerate.

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．Come and see me whenever

　　.

　　A．you are convenient

　　B．you will be convenient

　　C．it is convenient to you

　　D．it will be convenient to you

　　答案　C

　　解析　convenient作表语时，主语不能是人，一般用it is convenient for/to sb.结构。D项的时态错误。

　　2．In the zoo，the number of visitors is tightly

　　to avoid putting stress on the animals.

　　A．limited

　　B．encouraged

　　C．expected

　　D．intended

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为：在动物园，游客的数量受到严格限制是为了避免对动物产生压力。limit限制，符合题意。

　　3．The doctor recommended that you

　　swim after eating a large meal.

　　A．wouldn’t

　　B．couldn’t

　　C．needn’t

　　D．shouldn’t

　　答案　D

　　解析　recommend后的从句中用虚拟语气，即(should) do。

　　4．I really

　　you for your way of making decisions.

　　A．accept

　　B．absorb

　　C．advise

　　D．admire

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为：我真的佩服你做决定的方式。admire sb. for...佩服某人……。

　　5．The rapid development of computer has in turn

　　the development of technology itself.

　　A．increased

　　B．advanced

　　C．produced

　　D．predicted

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为：计算机的快速发展反过来又推进了科技本身的发展。advance推进，符合句意。increase 增加，增长；produce生产；predict预测。

　　Ⅱ.汉译英

　　1．同桌非常羡慕我流利的英语，我经常被他的赞美所鼓舞。(admire)(2017·湖北·短文写作)

　　My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.

　　2．他出生于一个贫穷家庭，童年只接受过有限的教育。(limit)(2017·浙江·书面表达)

　　He was born in a poor family，and only received a limited education in his childhood.

　　1．My mother was over the age limit and as a result，her application for the job was rejected.

　　2．The taxi drivers had to struggle for a living.

　　3．They offered to go on condition that we supply food and drinks.

　　4．Everything must be planned in advance.

　　5．I’m worried about our listening habits.

　　1

　　as a result of由于；作为……的结果

　　without result毫无结果地

　　result from由……引起

　　result in导致；结果

　　As a result，I have made steady progress in my studies.结果我在学习上稳步上升。(2011·安徽·书面表达)

　　图解助记

　　夯实基础

　　同义句改写

　　His carelessness resulted in his death.

　　(1)His death resulted from his carelessness.(用his death作主语改写句子)

　　(2)He died as a result of carelessness.(用as a result of改写句子)

　　2

　　in a whisper＝in whispers低声地

　　with one voice异口同声；众口一词

　　raise/lower one’s voice提高/压低嗓门

　　at the top of one’s voice大声地；高声地

　　voice one’s view表达某人的观点

　　These men began to talk in a low voice.

　　这些人开始低声说话。

　　Teacher lecture；two classmates comment in a low voice below.老师讲课，两个同学在下面小声议论。

　　夯实基础

　　同义句改写

　　They’re talking in a low voice.

　　(1)They’re talking in a whisper/in whispers.(whisper n．)

　　(2)They’re whispering.(whisper v．)

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．Her car broke down on her way to the park；

　　，she had to ask someone to repair it.

　　A．sooner or later

　　B．more or less

　　C．what’s more

　　D．as a result

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为：她的车在去公园的路上坏了，结果，她不得不叫人修理它。as a result结果，符合句意。sooner or later迟早；more or less或多或少；what’s more而且。

　　2．As parents and teachers，you should allow children the space to

　　their opinions，even if they are different from your own.

　　A．announce

　　B．sound

　　C．declare

　　D．voice

　　答案　D

　　解析　announce宣布，通知；sound听起来；declare公开宣称；voice表达，发表……言论。根据句意，选D项。

　　3．—Did he say something in the lecture that

　　you?

　　—Not really.Actually I felt sleepy over his speech.

　　A．adjusted to

　　B．attached to

　　C．referred to

　　D．appealed to

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查动词短语辨析。根据下文可知演讲并没有吸引我，故选appeal to对……有吸引力。adjust to适应；attach to依附于……；refer to提及。

　　Ⅱ.汉译英

　　结果我又累又沮丧。(as a result)(2011·湖北·短文写作)

　　As a result，I was tired out and depressed.

　　Never have I lacked interest in reading A Dream of Red Mansions...我自始至终都抱着浓厚的兴趣品读《红楼梦》……

　　否定词置于句首，要用部分倒装语序，即把谓语动词的一部分(助动词、情态动词或be动词)提到主语之前。这类否定词或含有否定意义的短语主要有：no，not，never，little，hardly，seldom，scarcely，barely，not until，neither...nor...，not only...but also...，no sooner...than...，hardly...when...，in no time，in no way，in no case，by no means，under no account/consideration，at no time，under no circumstances等。

　　Not until I failed in the exam did I realize how much time I had wasted.

　　直到我考试不及格我才意识到自己已浪费了很多时间。

　　特别提醒

　　(1)not until所在的从句不倒装，主句要用倒装。

　　(2)not only...but also...连接两个并列句时，前者倒装后者不倒装。

　　(3)neither...nor...连接并列的句子时，因neither/nor都是否定意义的词，前后两句都用倒装语序。

　　夯实基础

　　把下列句子改为倒装句

　　(1)She doesn’t frequently go downtown.

　　Not frequently does she go downtown.

　　(2)I knew little that she had already left.

　　Little did I know that she had already left.

　　(3)The lost car was nowhere to be found.

　　Nowhere was the lost car to be found.

　　(4)Churchill was not only a statesman，but also a writer.

　　Not only was Churchill a statesman，but also a writer.

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．Only yesterday

　　that his watch was missing.

　　A．he found out

　　B．did he find out

　　C．found he out

　　D．will he find out

　　答案　B

　　解析　only＋副词置于句首，句子用部分倒装。

　　2．Tom is in good health

　　he doesn’t get much exercise.

　　A．if

　　B．even though

　　C．unless

　　D．as long as

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为：尽管汤姆不经常锻炼，但他健康状况良好。even though尽管，即使。

　　3．Queen Elizabeth Ⅱis often thought to be the richest woman in the world.

　　，her personal wealth seems rather small.

　　A．Besides

　　B．Otherwise

　　C．However

　　D．Altogether

　　答案　C

　　解析　前面说她富有，后面说她个人财富相当少，故前后为转折关系，选C项。

　　Ⅱ.汉译英

　　我从未去过北京。(倒装句)

　　Never have I been to Beijing.

　　1．Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam

　　at the age of six months old.(2017·浙江，8)

　　A．was

　　B．be

　　C．were D．is

　　答案　B

　　解析　recommend建议，其后常接that 引导的宾语从句，而宾语从句中要用sb.should do或者sth.should be done的形式，should常可省略。 故本题应选B项。

　　2．Not once

　　to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.(2017·湖南，35)

　　A．occurred it

　　B．it did occur

　　C．it occurred

　　D．did it occur

　　答案　D

　　解析　考查倒装的用法。句意为：迈克尔成为班里的第一名这样的情况一次也没有发生过。否定副词not置于句首用于强调时，句子要用部分倒装。

　　3．Not until he went through real hardship

　　the love we have for our families is important.(2017·福建，34)

　　A．had he realized

　　B．did he realize

　　C．he realized

　　D．he had realized

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为：直到他经历了真正的困难，他才意识到我们对家人的爱的重要性。由题干中句首的关键信息Not until可知此处要用部分倒装，排除C、D两项；而A项用了过去完成时，表示“realize表示的动作发生在从句谓语went through表示的动作之前”，这显然不合逻辑，所以排除A项；而B项无论从语序还是从时态上讲，都是非常正确的。

　　4．—Have you paid? What’s my share of the bill?

　　—

　　.It wasn’t very much.

　　(2017·江西，27)

　　A．Don’t worry about it

　　B．It’s my share

　　C．None of your business

　　D．It’s up to you

　　答案　A

　　解析　此类题目要注重上下文表达的一致性，前一句在询问账单中自己应付的一份是多少，后面是提示账单数量不大。A项表示“不要担心”；B项“算我的”；C项“不关你的事”；D项“由你决定”。C项干扰大，其实开头就表明了是要AA制的，可以排除C项。

　　5．Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful，but they may also

　　our thinking.

　　(2011·湖北，26)

　　A．direct

　　B．limit

　　C．change

　　D．improve

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为：我们要想成功，知识的学习是很重要的，但它们也可能会限制我们的思考。direct指导；limit限制；change改变；improve改进。由but可知，前后在意义上是转折关系，故选B项。

　　6．Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon，or

　　it is convenient to you.(2011·江西，29)

　　A．whenever

　　B．however

　　C．whichever

　　D．wherever

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为：请打电话让我的秘书安排一个会议，在今天下午或是任何你方便的时候。whenever无论何时；however无论如何；whichever无论哪一个；wherever无论何地。此处or连接的是和this afternoon并列的两个时间状语(从句)，故只有A项正确。