2017届河北省高考英语阅读理解一轮限时训练（4）

　　河北省武强县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮限时训练题（4）及答案

　　【陕西省西安市长安一中2017第二次模拟】

　　阅读些列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出你最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Tony Blair, former Prime Minister of Britain, would not have felt excited over Oxford’s intention to offer him an honorary doctor’s degree had he known it were later to be taken back.

　　The story should begin from a girl called Catherine Lisa Bell.

　　Catherine Lisa Bell was a girl from a remote mountain area. She was the first graduate in that area to reach Oxford’s entry score, but her application was refused in the interview, because the professors thought she lacked creative potential.

　　The government of the girl’s hometown paid a special visit to Minister of Education and asked him to speak for her to Oxford. The Minister called at Oxford and hoped they would give the girl special admission. Quite unexpectedly, however, his pleading was refused. The Minister turned to the deputy prime minister, but he got turned down as well. The deputy prime minister couldn’t help but turn to Prime Minister Blair. Blair telephoned to Oxford himself to show his personal attention to the matter. He tried his best to persuade the university officials to change their decision, only to be greeted with a declaration from Oxford: “We admit that Prime Minster’s proposal comes out of concern for the students from less developed areas, but it is unacceptable. There is but one reason: On matters of enrolment (招生), no one has the right to change the interview conclusion the professors draw. This is hundreds of years of tradition of Oxford.”

　　Feeling a loss of face, Blair complained in private that Oxford was too stiff (古板) and needed reforming. Famous people have no privacy (隐私). The complaint soon found its way to the teachers and students of Oxford and aroused great anger among them. Immediately the university cancelled the plan to give Blair an honorary doctorate and delivered a strong protest against government intervention (干涉) on university affairs.

　　53. Oxford refused admission of the girl because ________.

　　A. she was thought to lack creativity

　　B. she was from a low developed area

　　C. her score didn’t meet the requirement

　　D. her local government didn’t support her

　　54. The reason why Oxford refused Blair was that ________.

　　A. Oxford stuck to its ancient tradition

　　B. it was too stiff and needed reforming

　　C. they respected the professors’ opinion

　　D. Blair was not yet its honorary doctor

　　55. Oxford canceled their plan to offer Blair an honorary doctor’s degree because ________.

　　A. they learned about Blair’s privacy

　　B. Blair asked them to get reformed

　　C. they were angry with his complaint

　　D. he showed his excitement too early

　　56. What kind of a university do you think Oxford is?

　　A. Its professors are self-willed.

　　B. It fears no power or influence.

　　C. It always stands on principles.

　　D. It is stubborn and inflexible.

　　【参考答案】53—55、ACC 56、C

　　C8 [2017·新课标全国卷Ⅰ] ---B

　　The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert(警觉). Twenty

　　centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other，her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focus—until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns：she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?

　　Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment，but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects(a comb，a key，an orange and so on)，changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be the pattern that two things make，as opposed to three? No again.Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise(同样地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.

　　60．The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby's________．

　　A．sense of hearing

　　B．sense of sight

　　C．sense of touch

　　D．sense of smell

　　61．Babies are sensitive to the change in ________．

　　A．the size of cards

　　B．the colour of pictures

　　C．the shape of patterns

　　D．the number of objects

　　62．Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?

　　A．To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.

　　B．To see how babies recognize sounds.

　　C．To carry their experiment further.

　　D．To keep the babies' interest.

　　63．Where does this text probably come from?

　　A．Science fiction.

　　B．Children's literature.

　　C．An advertisement.

　　D．A science report.

　　【要点综述】 本文是一篇说明文。通过变化纸上的黑点及鼓的敲打次数对婴儿的视觉、听觉进行实验。

　　60．B　推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“She stares at it carefully.”可知，本段是对孩子的视觉进行实验。故选B。

　　61．D　事实细节题。根据文章第二段中的“Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two.”可知D正确。

　　62．C　推理判断题。文章第一段描述对孩子的视力进行实验，接下来用鼓来对孩子的听力继续实验。所以选C。

　　63．D　推理判断题。纵观文章，这是一篇医学实验报告，所以选D。

　　C8 [2017·浙江卷] ----B

　　Below is a selection from a popular science book.

　　If blood is red, why are veins(静脉) blue?

　　Actually, veins are not blue at all. They are more of a clear, yellowish colour. Although blood looks red when it's outside the body, when it's sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin, it's more of a dark reddish purple colour. At the right depth, these blood－filled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin, making them look blue by comparison.

　　Which works harder, your heart or your brain?

　　That kind of depends on whether you're busy thinking or busy exercising. Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise, and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker. But, in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when you're sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.

　　Why do teeth fall out, and why don't they grow back in grown－ups?

　　Baby(or“milk”) teeth do not last long; they fall out to make room for bigger, stronger adult teeth later on. Adult teeth fall out when they become damaged, decayed and infected by bacteria. Once this second set of teeth has grown in, you're done. When they're gone, they're gone. This is because nature figures you're set for life, and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off.

　　Do old people shrink as they age?

　　Yes and no. Many people do get shorter as they age. But, when they do, it isn't because they're shrinking all over. They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力). Many(but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older. Men lose an average of 3－4 cm in height as they age, while women may lose 5 cm or more. If you live to be 200 years old, would you keep shrinking till you were, like 60 cm tall, like a little boy again? No, because old people don't really shrink! It is not that they are growing backwards—their legs, arms and backbones getting shorter. When they do get shorter, it's because the spine has shortened a little. Or, more often, become more bent and curved.

　　Why does spinning make you dizzy(眩晕的)?

　　Because your brain gets confused between what you're seeing and what you're feeling. The brain senses that you're spinning using special gravity－and－motion－sensing organs in your inner ear, which work together with your eyes to keep your vision and balance stable. But when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out of control, and your brain thinks you're moving while you're not!

　　Where do feelings and emotions come from?

　　Mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system. All mammals have this brain area—from mice to dogs, cats, and humans. So all mammals feel basic emotions like fear, pain and pleasure. But since human feelings also involve other, newer bits of the brain, we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on the planet.

　　If exercise wears you out, how can it be good for you?

　　Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them. And as far as your body is concerned, it's “use it, or lose it”！ It's not that exercise makes you healthy; it's more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.

　　46. What is the colour of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin?

　　A. Blue.

　　B. Light yellow.

　　C. Red.

　　D. Dark reddish purple.

　　47．Why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?

　　A. Because their spine is in active use.

　　B. Because they are more easily affected by gravity.

　　C. Because they keep growing backwards.

　　D. Because their spine becomes more bent.

　　48．Which of the following statements about our brain is true?

　　A. In the long run, our brain probably works harder than our heart.

　　B. When our brain senses the spinning, we will feel dizzy.

　　C. The brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans.

　　D. Our feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.

　　49．What is the main purpose of the selection?

　　A. To give advice on how to stay healthy.

　　B. To provide information about our body.

　　C. To challenge new findings in medical research.

　　D. To report the latest discoveries in medical science.

　　【要点综述】 本文是一篇常见的应用文，主要向读者介绍了与我们人体相关的一些知识和信息。

　　46．D　考查细节理解。从第一则中的“…it's more of a dark reddish purple colour.”可知，血液应该是深紫红色，所以答案选D项。

　　47．D　考查细节理解。从第四则中的“They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse…”可知，由于脊柱的弯曲，所以导致老年人看起来有点矮了，所以答案选D项。

　　48．A　考查细节理解。从第二则中的“But, in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when you're sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.”可知，脑子要比心脏更努力、更辛苦，所以答案选A项。

　　49．B　考查写作意图。从全文知，这是一篇医学科技类的文章，主要介绍了与我们人体相关的一些知识，所以B项能很好地概括全文。

　　【浙江省金丽衢十二校2017高考英语第二次联考】

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的．四个选项（A,B,C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项标号涂黑。

　　Think of the last time a song really moved you, or meant something to you．Listening to and

　　playing music affects marry different sections of the brain, affecting us physically as well.．Why are we as humans so connected to music?

　　Making music is something that we are born with. There's a reason we refer to music as the

　　“universal language”；there has been no known human culture without music,．Dancingand

　　music came before agriculture, and possibly even before language．The fact that whale music and

　　human music have so much in common suggests that music may exist before humans and that we

　　may be latecomers to the musical scene rather than being the inventors of music．

　　We begin life being affected by music; babies first begin to respond to music even before

　　their birth，Whether or not it's true, everyone has heard that playing classical music; for your baby

　　supposedly helps him or her become smarter. A study done in the United Kingdom concluded that

　　children were able to .recognize and even preferred music that they had heard lip to three months

　　before birth. Although it made no difference whether it was rock music or country music, the

　　babies who were exposed to faster songs showed a stronger preference for that song than those

　　who had heard something slower. Researchers have also found that the playing of soft background

　　music or a mother's soft singing actually helps premature (早产的）babies. Those who were.

　　subjected to the music tended to gain weight faster and were able to leave hospitals earlier than

　　those who weren't. However, the study in the UK uncovers no links between babies listening to

　　music and increased intelligence or brain development.

　　Another experiment at the University of California at Irvine compared the puzzle-solving

　　abilities of 3-year-olds who were given piano lessons with those of others who sang, used

　　computers, or did nothing. The children studying the piano were better at the puzzles．Also, high

　　school students with a musical background seem to do better in their SATs，Whether it's natural

　　intelligence that helps the children do better in both music and math，or the music that helps

　　develop other areas, you can't deny the benefits of a musical background.

　　On the other hand, it's possible that some music and lyrics（歌词）could be had for children

　　and teenagers．The lyrics of today's popular music are stated more and more clearly. A study oil

　　mass media and teenagers showed that a group of 14- to 16-year-olds in 10 different southeastern

　　cities listened to music an average of 40 hours per week. Obviously, the music they are listening

　　to plays a large part in their lives，and especially influences self-identity. So any bad influences

　　in the music will have a very direct effect on the teenagers.

　　Several other experiments mentioned in the American Academy of Pediatrics' policy statement on the "Effect of Music Lyrics and Music Videos on Children and Youth" supported this idea. One study from Sweden found that children who developed a preference to rock music were more likely to be influenced by their peers than by their parents. Others showed links between a predilection for heavy metal and detrimental behaviors, including taking drugs, self-killing risk,

　　and other risk-taking habits. The American Acajeny of Pediatries (AAP)

　　doesn't support the idea of censorship（检查制度）, but strongly encourages parents to monitor what their children are listening to.

　　50.Music is regarded as the “universal longunge” because____

　　51.Acording to Paragrapg 3,what afgerts bubies’ preference for songs?

　　A.The tone

　　B.The specal

　　C.The style

　　D.The lyries

　　【参考答案】50、C

　　51—54、BDAD