所在位置: 查字典英语网 >高中英语 > 高考英语 > 高考高考英语 > 高考高考复习指南 > 2017届高三英语一轮语法专项真题:动词和动词短语

2017届高三英语一轮语法专项真题:动词和动词短语

发布时间:2017-04-14  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  动词和动词短语

  【2017新课标全国卷I】23.Try not to cough more than you can ________ since it may cause problems to your lungs.

  A.check

  B.allow

  C.stop

  D.help

  【解析】 本题考查动词的意义辨析。A项check“检查,核对”;B项allow“允许”;C项stop“停止”;D项help在这里不表示“帮助”,而是表示“control it or stop it happening”。根据句意“既然咳嗽可能引起肺病,那么你能不咳嗽就尽量不要咳嗽”可知,more than you can help是“除非忍不住;尽量控制……”的意思。故答案选D项。【答案】 D

  8.The watch was very good,and he ________ 20 percent down for it.

  A.paid

  B.cost

  C.bought

  D.spent

  【解析】 本题四个选项都为常见动词,都可以表示“花费”。本题题意为“这块手表很好,他先付了20%的订金”。pay...down(或pay down)付押金,付订金,符合题意。要注意以下表示“花费”的句式:sb.pay(s) money for sth.某人花钱买某物,主语为“人”,符合题意,故选A。sth.cost(s) sb.money某物花费某人多少钱,主语为“物”;sb.buy(s) sth.for money某人买某物花多少钱,for后面接money;sb.spend(s) money on sth.某人花钱买某物,主语为“人”,与介词on搭配。解答这道题目需要抓住句中的关键信息词down和for。【答案】 A

  2.If you are in trouble,Mike is always willing to ________ a hand.

  A.lend

  B.shake

  C.wave

  D.want

  【解析】 句意:“如果你有麻烦,迈克总是愿意伸出援助之手。”lend a hand意为“伸出援助之手”,符合语境。shake a hand意为“握手”,wave a hand意为“挥手”,want a hand意为“需要帮忙”,均与句意不符。【答案】 A

  9.When the group discussion is nearing its end,make sure to ________ it with important points.

  A.conclude

  B.lead

  C.avoid

  D.hold

  【解析】 题干的意思是:“小组讨论接近尾声时,一定要用几条要点作为结束。”conclude(使)结束,conclude...with以……结束,符合题意。lead领导,引领;avoid避免,回避;hold容纳,举行。其中nearing its end为重要信息提示。【答案】 A

  24.Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which ________ spending quite a lot of time with students.

  A.enjoys

  B.involves

  C.practices

  D.suggests

  【解析】 首先了解四个选项的汉语意思。enjoy表示“享受,喜欢”;involve表示“需要;包括;涉及,牵涉”;practice表示“练习,实践”;suggest表示“建议”。由题干中的关键信息a job以及spending...time...可知此处应填involve,意为“需要”。本题的意思是:“米歇尔找到了一份中学老师的工作,这份工作需要花费相当多的时间和学生在一起。”【答案】 B

  23.—The town is so beautiful! I just love it.

  —Me too.The character of the town is well ________.

  A.qualified

  B.preserved

  C.decorated

  D.simplified

  【解析】 本题中四个选项都为常见动词,句中使用过去分词作表语,具有形容词的性质。be qualified合格的,有资格的;be well preserved保存完好的;be well decorated装饰得很漂亮的;be simplified被简化的。根据句意:——这座小镇是如此美丽!我实在是喜欢它。——我也是。小镇的特色保存得很完好。可知选B项。【答案】 B

  23.While intelligent people can often________the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.

  A.sacrifice

  B.substitute

  C.simplify

  D.survive

  【解析】 根据语境,这里用simplify与后面的simple呼应,complex与后面的complicate呼应。另外三个选项的含义为:sacrifice“牺牲”;substitute“代替”;survive“幸存”。句意:聪明人经常能把复杂的事情简单化,而愚蠢的人更可能会把简单的问题复杂化。【答案】 C

  .According to the law, all foreigners have to________with the local police within two weeks of arrival.

  A.associate

  B.dispute

  C.negotiate

  D.register

  【解析】 这里说的是在警署登记注册,用register表示“登记,注册”,register with表示“在……处登记”。associate“将……联系起来”;dispute表示“异议,争论,争吵”;negotiate“协商;谈判”。句意:按照该法律,所有外国人在到来的两周内必须到当地警署登记。【答案】 D

  31.She________the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour.

  A.connected

  B.fitted

  C.equipped

  D.matched

  【解析】 选项中四个单词均为动词:connect意为“连接”;fit意为“(使)适合”;equip意为“装备,配备”;match意为“使相配,使相称”。句意:她装饰了一些非常好看的窗帘,使之在颜色上与地毯相配。故D项符合语境。【答案】 D

  17.Bears ________ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.

  A.pack up

  B.build up

  C.bring up

  D.take up

  【解析】 题干的意思是:“熊在整个夏天和秋天储存脂肪,以便有足够的能量维持它们冬眠期的生命。”pack up停止工作,收拾行装;build up逐渐增加,逐渐积累,逐渐增强;bring up教育,抚养;呕吐;take up从事,开始。根据题干的意思可知正确答案为B项。题干中have sth.to last sb.结构意为“足够某人使用/维持”。【答案】 B

  30.At the last moment,Tom decided to ________ a new character to make the story seem more likely.

  A.put up

  B.put in

  C.put on

  D.put off

  【解析】 本题考查动词短语的语意辨析。A项put up“搭建,张贴”;B项put in“把……放进”;C项put on“穿上,上演”;D项put off“推迟”。根据句意“在最后一刻,汤姆决定添加一个新的角色,从而使得这个故事显得更加真实”可知,答案选B项,put in有“加入,添加”的意思。【答案】 B

  2.Would you like to ________ with us to the film tonight?

  A.come along

  B.come off

  C.come across

  D.come through

  【解析】 首先了解四个选项的汉语意思。A项come along“一起来”;B项come off“成功,举行”;C项come across“偶尔;偶然发现”;D项come through“穿过;传来;(健康)恢复”。题干的意思是:“今晚和我们一起去看电影好吗?”根据with us及题意可知选A。【答案】 A

  8.I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn't able to ________.

  A.get away

  B.drop in

  C.check out

  D.hold on

  【解析】 本题四个选项都是常见动词词组。get away脱身,逃离;外出度假;drop in顺便拜访;check out检查,核实;hold on坚持。根据but可知后面的wasn't able to________与前面的had hoped to take a holiday构成转折关系,故get away符合题意。本题句意为“我本希望今年去度假,但是没能去成”。【答案】 A

  28.Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks ________ in disasters.

  A.turn down

  B.turn out

  C.break down

  D.break out

  【解析】 首先了解四个选项的汉语意思。turn down表示“调小;拒绝”;turn out表示“生产;结果是,证明是”;break down表示“出故障”;break out表示“(战争、疾病等的)爆发”。由题干中的关键信息old-fashioned phones matter和in disasters可知此处填break down“出故障”。本题的意思是:“在灾难中,当无线网络出故障时,老式电话就(显得)很重要了。”【答案】 C

  32.Briggs will ________ as general manager when Mitchell retires.

  A.get away

  B.take over

  C.set off

  D.run out

  【解析】 get away意为“走开;逃脱惩罚”;take over意为“接管;接任”;set off意为“出发;动身”;run out意为“用完;耗尽”。根据retires(退休)可得知答案。句意:当Mitchell退休时,Briggs将会接任总经理的职务。【答案】 B

  29.Team leaders must ensure that all members ________

  their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.

  A.get over

  B.look over

  C.take over

  D.come over

  【解析】 本题中四个选项均为常见的动词短语。get over克服,恢复,熬过,look over查看,仔细检查;take over接收,接管;come over过来,来访。根据句意“团队领导者必须确保所有成员克服他们发自内心的渴望——想要避免犯错所带来的尴尬。”可知,A项为正确答案。【答案】 A

  26.In much of the animal world, night is the time________for sleep—pure and simple.

  A.set aside

  B.set down

  C.set off

  D.set up

  【解析】 这里pure and simple表示“完全,不折不扣”,用来指某事只有唯一的原因。这里用set aside表示“留出,拨出(时间等)”,表示这段时间就是用来睡觉的。set down“写下”;set off“出发,引起”;set up“建立”。句意:在大多数动物世界里,夜晚就是完全用来睡觉的时间。【答案】 A

  22.Before you pay a visit to a place of interest,look in your local library ________ a book about it.

  A.on

  B.at

  C.for

  D.to

  【解析】 句意:在你到某一旅游胜地去游览之前,先在你当地的图书馆找本有关的书看看。本题考查动词短语look for,因为in your local library这一地点状语插入其中,从而增加了识别的难度。实际上,本句也可以表达为:...look for a book about it in your local library.故选C项。【答案】 C

  26.Traditionally,college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they ________ on their life journey.

  A.give up

  B.settle down

  C.get through

  D.set off

  【解析】 give up放弃;settle down定居,(使)安静下来;get through完成,读完,通过,用完;set off出发,(使)开始,引起。句意:依照惯例,为激励自己,大学生在踏上人生旅程之前会举行一场毕业典礼。根据句意应选D项。【答案】 D

  27.Mother always complains that children________their shoes very quickly.

  A.find out

  B.wash out

  C.wear out

  D.set out

  【解析】 四个选项均为动词短语:find out意为“查明”;wash out意为“洗净”;wear out意为“用坏,穿破”;set out意为“动身,出发”。句意:妈妈总是抱怨孩子们很快就把鞋子穿烂了。根据语境判断,此处用C项最为合适。【答案】 C

  25.My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking, but at least he has________.

  A.cut out

  B.cut down

  C.cut up

  D.cut off

  【解析】 cut out裁剪,戒掉;cut down削减,压缩,缩减;cut up切碎,切开;cut off切断,隔断,断绝。由语境My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking可知说话者的叔叔并没有“戒掉”吸烟,从后面的but at least的转折可以得知“他减少了吸烟的量”。因此该题的正确答案为B。题干的意思是:“我叔叔虽然没能戒掉吸烟,但是至少他吸得少了。”【答案】 B25.Butterflies________a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.

  A.carry on

  B.feed on

  C.put on

  D.focus on

  【解析】 四个动词短语的主要含义:carry on“继续”;feed on“吃,以……为食”;put on“上演,穿/戴上”;focus on“聚焦于”。句意:蝴蝶以花卉产生的一种甜甜的液体为食,蜜蜂和别的昆虫则采集这种液体。根据句意选B,表示“吃,以……为食”。【答案】 B

  答案A

  【解析我们一致同意,这个小舍将会给我们的家庭营造一个完美的假日家园。make表“可以用作,可发展为”,与for连用。urn表示“变为”,一般后跟into。

  答案 【解析

  【答案 【解析 out熄灭; put down记下,写下;put away收拾,把东西放好;put together放在一起。句意:Mary非常擅长在课上记笔记。她能把她的老师说得每个词写下来。

  【考点】考查动词短语的含义及语境理解。

  【2017浙江卷】15.Armed with the information you have gathered, you can_______ preparing your business plan.

  A. set out B. set about C. set off D. set up

  【考点】动词词组词义辨析。

  【答案】B

  【解析】根据句意:有这么些个你所收集的信息,你可以着手(set about doing sth.)准备你的商业计划了。set out to do sth.着手;set off出发;set up建立,均不符合语境,故排除。

  【2017浙江卷】12. According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to______ from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.

  A. differ B. shrink C. fail D. decline

  【考点】动词词义辨析。

  【答案】D

  【解析】根据句意:根据科学家研究,我们的精神气在22岁达到高峰值之后便从27岁开始下滑(decline)。differ不同;shrink缩水;fail失败、衰竭,均不符合语境,故排除。

  【2017湖北卷】 21. Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to ________ our school’s campaign “Help the Needy”, which was started by our former headmaster three years ago.

  A. sponsor

  B. launch

  C. organize

  D. plan

  【答案】A

  【】【】Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and ________ every page of my draft.

  A. approved

  B. quoted

  C. polished

  D. folded

  【答案】C

  【】考查。难度中等。

  【】”,符合句意,故C项正确。A项意为“通过”,B项意为“引用”,D项意为“折叠”,都与句意不符。

  【2017湖北卷】23. Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to ________ his courage.

  A. hold up

  B. keep up

  C. set up

  D. take up

  【答案】B

  【】考查。难度中等。

  【】I’m so glad you’ve come here to ________ this matter in person.

  A. lead to

  B. see to

  C. turn to

  D. refer to

  【答案】B

  【】考查辨析。难度中等。

  【】26.— OK, I've had enough of it. I give up.

  —You can't your responsibilities.

  A. run off with

  B. run up against

  C. run out of D. run away from

  【考点】动词短语辨析。

  【答案】D

  【解析】run away from意为“逃离,躲避”,run off with意为“偷走;与……私奔”;run up against意为“偶遇”;run out of意为“用完”。句意为:——好了,我已受够了,我放弃。——你不能逃避你的责任。根据句意,应选D项。

  【2017安徽卷】28. The athlete's years of hard training

  when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.

  A. went on

  B. got through

  C. paid off

  D. ended up

  【答案C

  【考点】考点本题考查动词词组pay off使人得益,有报偿付清某人的工资偿清欠款等等对某人或某事进行报复

  【2011全国卷,34】William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to

  .

  A.disappear

  B.fall

  C.fail

  D.damage

  【答案】C

  【考点】考查动词的辨析。

  【解析】disappear消失,不复存在;fall降落跌倒降低fail (指健康)衰退, 衰弱damage损害, 毁坏, 加害于William 发现阅读越来越困难了,因为他的视力开始衰退increasingly difficult越来越困难”是个渐进的过程,故选C。

  【2011全国卷II,10】Mary, I_____John of his promise to help you.

  A. told

  B. reminded

  C. warned

  D. advised

  【答案】B

  【考点】考查动词的辨析。

  【解析】句意为“玛丽,我已经提醒约翰注意他帮助你的承诺了。”remind… of… 就提醒(某人)使(某人)想起warn含有警告的意思。

  【2011天津卷summer vacation.

  A.borrowed

  B.opened

  C.entered

  D.ordered

  【答案】B

  【考点】考查动词的辨析。

  【解析】句意为“暑假兼职打工挣了1000美元后,我在银行开了帐户。”open a bank account在银行开帐户。

  【2011江苏卷28】——Are you still mad at her?

  ——Not really, but I can’t ______ that her remarks hurt me.

  A.deny

  B.refuse

  C.reject

  D.decline不见得我不否认deny否认,否定;refuse,reject ,decline都是拒绝的意思。not deny无法否认。故选A。

  【2011福建卷28】I’d prefer to

  my judgement until I find all the evidence.

  A.show

  B. express

  C.pass

  D.reserve

  【答案】D

  【考点】考查动词的辨析。

  【解析】句意为“我宁愿保留我的判断直到我发现所有的证据。”reserve预订或保留(座位、住处等) 推迟留到以后until相一致。

  【2011安徽卷As the story______, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.

  A. begins

  B. happens

  C. ends

  D. develops

  【答案】D

  【考点】考查动词的辨析。

  【解析】句意为“随着故事的展开,这个神秘数字的真相渐渐地被解开了develop开发, 发展把(主题或情节)逐步展现出来2011湖北卷26】Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also________ our thinking.

  A. direct

  B. limit

  C. change

  D. improve

  【答案】B

  【考点】考查动词的辨析。

  【解析】句意为“如果我们想要获得成功,知识和学习很重要。但是它们或许会限制我们的思维。”direct指示, 指引导演(戏剧或电影);指挥(管弦乐队)limit限制;change改变;improve改进,改善。根据句中but的转折,选B。

  【2011湖北卷27】The minister said, “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but we’ll never_______ with criminals.”

  A. negotiate

  B. quarrel

  C. argue

  D. consult

  【答案】A

  【考点】考查动词的辨析。

  【解析】negotiate谈判;quarrel吵架,argue辩论,争辩consult商议,咨询2011湖北卷28】Clinical evidence began to__________, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals. A. operate

  B. strenghten

  C. approve

  D. accumulate

  【答案】D

  【考点】考查动词的辨析。

  【解析】句意为“不断增加的临床证据表明:比起原先从动物实验中所得到的预计,这些新药具有更加广泛有用性。”operate手术,操作;strenghten加强;approve赞成;accumulate积累,(数量)逐渐增加2011辽宁卷22】What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You're

  to be asleep.

  ,

  A. supposed

  B. known

  C. thought

  D. considered

  【答案】A

  【考点】考查动词的辨析。

  【解析】句意为“Tom,你不睡觉做什么?你现在应该睡觉。”out of bed未上床起床be supposed to do应当,应该。

  【2011辽宁卷24】You are old enough to

  your own living.

  A.win

  B. gain

  C. take

  D. earn

  【答案】D

  【考点】考查动词的辨析。

  【解析】句意为“你长大了,可以自谋生路了。”earn one’s living 谋生,固定搭配。

  【2011全国卷,26】I can

  the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.

  A. come up with

  B.put up with

  C. turn to

  D.stick to

  【答案】B

  【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。

  【解析】句意:房子里东西凌乱讨厌come up with想出, 提出put up with  忍受, 容忍turn to转向翻书到求助于(使)变成stick to坚持紧跟粘住忠于untidy不整洁的;凌乱的2011天津卷take after 长得像性格类似于效仿穿过, 越过偶然遇见2011山东卷桥梁打开(水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等)(使)感兴趣; (使)兴奋算出,实现。拓宽桥梁卷30】——You look upset. What’s the matter?

  I had my proposal _______ again.

  A.turned over

  B.turned on

  C.turned off

  D.turned downturn over翻身,翻转把……移交turn on打开(水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等)(使)感兴趣; (使)兴奋turn off关掉(电器、水龙头等)使厌烦turn down关小(音量等)拒绝2011福建卷31】Born into a family with three brothers, David was

  to value the sense of sharing.

  A.brought up

  B.turned down

  C.looked after

  D.held back

  【答案】A

  【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。

  【解析】句意:出生在一个三兄弟家庭,David受到了要看重与人分享的教育。bring up教育养育(孩子)呕吐(食物)turn down关小(音量等)拒绝look after照顾;hold back阻碍抑制隐瞒2011安徽卷 34】If you _____faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.

  A. come across

  B. care about

  C. look for

  D. focus upon

  【答案】A

  【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。

  【解析】句意为“如果你发现这辆自行车有毛病但还是想要,你就要求这家商店的营业员减价。”come across偶然遇到;care about关心,在乎;look for寻找;focus upon专注于。

  【2011浙江卷,6】The school isn’t the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose I’ll just have to

  __________it,

  A. make the best of

  B. get away from

  C. keep an eye on

  D. catch up with

  【答案】A

  【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。

  【解析】句意为“这所学校并不是我原来真正想去的,但我现在想尽量好好利用它了。”make the best of充分利用尽量好好去做get away from逃离keep an eye on照看,留心; 注意catch up with追上赶上12】He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ______at a hotel for the night.

  A. putting down

  B. putting off

  C. putting on

  D. putting up

  【答案】D

  【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。

  【解析】句意:他决定一路驾车回家,不在旅馆留宿。put down放下镇压记下put off推迟;put on穿上戴上上演put up举起建立张贴投宿2011四川卷7】To get a better grade, you should __________the notes again before the test.

  A. go over

  B. get over

  C. turn over

  D. take over

  【答案】A

  【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。

  【解析】句意为“为了获得好成绩,你应该在考试前好好复习这些笔记。”go over审查复习重温从头到尾检查一遍get over越过完成克服(困难)从(疾病、失望、震惊等)中恢复过来turn over翻身,翻转把……移交take over接管; 接替2011四川卷14】I often

  the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the lnternet.

  A.look up

  B.look at

  C. look for

  D.look into

  【答案】A

  【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。

  【解析】句意为“我经常在字典里或网上查我所不懂的单词。”look up查(单词、电话号码等);look at看注视(某人或某物)look for寻找;look into深入地检查研究调查2011陕西卷25】Some insects________the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.

  A. take in

  B. take off

  C. take on

  D. take out

  【答案】C

  【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。

  【解析】take in吸收,欺骗;take off拿走, 取下脱去起飞take on承担呈现雇用take out把…带出去清除, 除掉体色与其周围环境的颜色相似2011湖北卷29】The government has taken measures to _________ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.

  A. take down

  B. bring down

  C.

  hand down

  D. tear down

  【答案】B

  【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。

  【解析】句意为“政府已经采取措施来降低日常生活用品的价格以保持市场的稳定。”take down拆卸记录记下bring down 使(某物或某人)掉下〔倒下〕 击败降(价)hand down把…传递下来遗留; 流传tear down拆毁; 拆卸2011辽宁卷26】The exam results will be

  on Friday afternoon.

  A. put down

  B. put off

  C. put up

  D. put away

  【答案】C

  【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。

  【解析】句意:考试结果将在星期五下午公布。put down放下平定, 镇压记下put off推迟;put up举起建立张贴投宿put away放好储存抛弃2011江西卷35】You can’t predict everything. Often things don’t ____ as you expect.

  A.run out

  B.break out

  C.work out

  D. put out.

  【答案】C

  【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。run out 耗尽;break out 打破;work out 算出,实现;put out 扑灭。句意为“你无法预言一切。事情常常不会像你期待的那样实现。”选C。

查看全部
推荐文章
猜你喜欢
附近的人在看
推荐阅读
拓展阅读
大家都在看

分类
  • 年级
  • 类别
  • 版本
  • 上下册
年级
不限
类别
英语教案
英语课件
英语试题
不限
版本
不限
上下册
上册
下册
不限