2015届高考英语一轮复习课时作业38 Unit 5（人教版选修8）

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　　课时提升作业(三十八)

　　选修8　Unit 5

　　. 阅读理解

　　A

　　(2017·长春模拟)While tofu is a household name in Asia, it has still not been completely accepted into the Western kitchen. When it arrived in the West, tofu found itself sitting alone in the food playground, ignored by the other kids. And when tofu did make friends, it was only with the open-minded, peace-loving vegetarians sometimes referred to as“hippies”.

　　Why is it that such a staple(主要的)ingredient in the East has been subject to(遭受)such discrimination in the West? Well, tofu quite literally(简直)missed the boat. Tofu originated in China some 2, 000 years ago. But when the Europeans first arrived in China they ignored it. While rice was embraced with open arms and brought home with popular acclaim(称赞), tofu followed later and with much less success.

　　Growing up in Australia I only had a vague notion of what tofu was. It was just last year, when I lived in the Dutch town of Maastricht, that we were really introduced. In that town, lots of students choose to live in“squats”—old run-down factories rented out for very cheap prices. One of these squats holds a“Vegan Dinner”every Monday. In the dishes served there, tofu was a staple and I found that I quite liked it!

　　Slowly but surely tofu is becoming accepted into mainstream Western cooking circles. In March, the singer Justin Timberlake dressed up in a tofu suit for a sketch(短剧)on NBC’s show Saturday Night Live to promote the silky food. And notable UK food experts such as Nigel Slater and Fuchsia Dunlop are singing tofu’s praises as well. As Slater writes in an article published in The Guardian, “I think the Chinese know what they are talking about and I must give their beloved dou-fu(yet)another chance”. He found that when cooked with chilli, garlic and ginger, tofu was a very welcome guest at his dinner party!

　　【文章大意】豆腐越来越受西方人的青睐, 它是怎样做到如此受欢迎的呢?

　　1. When tofu was introduced to the West, it　.

　　A. was not accepted, just like rice

　　B. was well-received mostly by hippies

　　C. was difficult to find things to cook with it

　　D. was viewed as a toy instead of food

　　【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话可知B为正确答案。

　　2. The phrase“missed the boat”in the second paragraph probably means“　”.

　　A. failed to take advantage of an opportunity

　　B. was in the same situation

　　C. experienced a big change

　　D. drew much attention

　　【解析】选A。词义猜测题。上文提到了豆腐在西方遭遇歧视, 而下文又进一步提到了当欧洲人把大米和豆腐先后带到西方时, 大米遇到了优待, 而豆腐则错失良机, 没有那么成功, 所以missed the boat表示“没有利用好机会, 错失良机”, 故选A。

　　3. The first time the author tasted tofu in Maastricht, she　.

　　A. had already eaten it in Australia

　　B. developed a love for it

　　C. felt it was not her cup of tea

　　D. found that she had expected too much from it

　　【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第三段最后一句话可知B为正确答案。

　　4. By quoting Slater in the last paragraph, the author intends to show　.

　　A. it is beneficial to eat tofu now and then

　　B. a new creative way to cook tofu has been praised

　　C. tofu is becoming a staple at Western dinner parties

　　D. tofu is becoming popular in the West

　　【解析】选D。推理判断题。最后一段的中心句是该段的首句, 下文以Justin Timberlake和food experts such as Nigel Slater and Fuchsia Dunlop为例来说明豆腐在西方日渐流行, 故答案为D。

　　B

　　(2017·濮阳模拟)

　　Our world natural park is one of the most famous parks in the world. Millions of visitors from different countries visit this park every year. In order to protect it, please do as follows:

　　◆Protect the natural and cultural heritage. Don’t damage or deface any buildings, displays and other facilities. Take care of all plants. Put rubbish in the bins provided.

　　◆Take care when you are going up and down steps or stairs and when you are walking nearby the waters.

　　◆Please buy tickets before entering the scenic spot. One ticket is only for one person. Adult: $60 per ticket. Children over 6 and under 18, half price. People over 60 and children under 6 are free.

　　◆If you are going into the wooded and hilly lands, for your own safety, please go with three people at least and don’t take any tinder(易燃物)along with you. The hill is steep, so please take care of yourself.

　　This scenic spot is the reserve of water source: No fishing, swimming, washing and any behaviors that are harmful to the water source. Meanwhile, please follow the management rules of the scenic spot conscientiously.

　　◆Opening time: From Monday to Friday, 8: 00 a. m. -18: 00 p. m. ; From Saturday to Sunday, 6: 00 a. m: -24: 00 p. m.

　　◆Small animals such as rabbits, peacocks, squirrels, frogs must be taken care of: None of them shall be killed.

　　If you have any trouble in visiting our world natural park, please call 477—866—7044. Our staff will do our best to help you.

　　【文章大意】在世界自然公园中游玩时, 应该注意些什么呢?

　　5. How much will be paid for a 65-year-old man with his 8-year-old grandson?

　　A. Free. B. $30. C. $60. D. $120.

　　【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据游客须知: 60岁以上老人和6岁以下儿童免费, 6岁以上18岁以下孩子半价, 成人价60美元。可知B项正确。

　　6. On weekends, the opening time is　hours longer than weekdays.

　　A. 4 B. 6

　　C. 8

　　D. 10

　　【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据“From Monday to Friday, 8: 00 a. m. -18: 00 p. m. ; From Saturday to Sunday, 6: 00 a. m. -24: 00 p. m. ”可知, C项正确。

　　7. From the passage, we can infer that the water in this park is　.

　　A. clean B. polluted

　　C. dangerous

　　D. colorful

　　【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据游客须知第五条第一句话可以推断选项A正确。该风景区是饮用水的水源, 因此可以推断这里的水是清洁的。

　　8. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A. Tourists can hike alone in the hilly lands.

　　B. Small animals are under protection in the park.

　　C. Children can play with small animals.

　　D. Tourists can have a swim in the water.

　　【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据游客须知最后一条“Small animals such as rabbits, peacocks, squirrels, frogs must be taken care of: None of them shall be killed. ”可知, 小动物受到保护。

　　C

　　Once, the Paiter-Surui tribe(部落)lived a happy life in the heart of the Amazon rainforest in Brazil. But after the tribe’s first meeting with Westerners several decades ago, they were nearly wiped out; diseases brought by outsiders reduced the Surui’s numbers from 5, 000 to about 250.

　　Today, some 1, 300 tribe people live in 23 villages across 600, 000 acres. Though they are as likely to wear T-shirts and jeans as feathered headdresses, the Surui are determined to preserve and protect the tribal culture of their homeland. Now they are under threat again, from illegal logging and deforestation(滥伐), but this time it’s different. The Surui have put aside their bows and arrows and taken up a new weapon: the Internet.

　　The tribe people learned to use the Web from their leader, Chief Almir Narayamoga. “We decided to use computers and technology to bring attention to our situation, ”says Narayamoga, 36. The first in his tribe to attend college, Chief Narayamoga learned how to use computers at the Federal University of Goiás in Goiânia, a city of 1. 2 million. In 2007, he fled the Surui homeland after his fight against loggers who placed a $100, 000 reward on his head. He traveled to the United States and paid a visit to Google headquarters in California. He came armed with a big idea.

　　Narayamoga’s visit to Google was considered a great success. And Google sent teams to the Amazon to train the Surui in using computers, cameras, and smart phones to photograph logging sites, which could be pinpointed using GPS technology and then uploaded to Google Earth. The Surui have now mapped the entire reserve and recorded the biodiversity and the rainforest within it.

　　【文章大意】本文主要讲了巴西土著居民正在利用因特网让世人知道他们的处境, 并开始保护他们的家园。

　　9. What caused the population of the Amazon tribe to reduce greatly?

　　A. The change of their lifestyles.

　　B. Deforestation.

　　C. Diseases.

　　D. Fighting.

　　【解析】选C。细节理解题。从文章第一段最后一句可知, 由外来者带来的疾病导致土著人口剧减。

　　10. Chief Narayamoga fled his homeland because　.

　　A. he owed a large debt

　　B. the loggers wanted to kill him

　　C. he wanted to learn computers

　　D. he failed to fight against logging

　　【解析】选B。细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段可知, 酋长逃离家乡的原因是伐木者悬赏捉拿他并置他于死地。

　　11. What kind of idea did Chief Narayamoga have after he returned to his homeland?

　　A. He could ask the US government for help.

　　B. He could negotiate with the loggers.

　　C. He could save their land with the Internet.

　　D. He could make a map of their land.

　　【解析】选C。推理判断题。联系文章最后两段可知, 酋长从美国回来, 开始用“谷歌”搜索和全球定位技术来引发世人关注, 从而利用社会舆论来保护自己的家园, 由此可知C项正确。

　　12. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

　　A. Deforestation has been stopped in Amazon.

　　B. Narayamoga’s efforts are paying off.

　　C. The Internet is still something new to the tribe people.

　　D. Logging has been stopped due to the use of GPS technology.

　　【解析】选B。推理判断题。文章最后一段说明, 酋长的美国之行获得了成功, 现在土著民族正运用高科技来测量自己的领地, 由此推断, 他们的努力正在获得回报。

　　Ⅱ. 完形填空

　　(2017·青岛模拟)

　　One Monday morning, news got around in the schoolyard about a fire over the weekend. Soon Mr. Johnson, my teacher, came to explain that the Art class would be　1　due to the fire. He also warned us not to approach the Art room because it could be　2　.

　　During the morning break, Kirn and I decided to take a　3　. A first hand observation would make us heroes at lunch. At the appointed time, Kirn and I　4　the Art room, ignoring the consequence we would face　5　we got caught. We stood on tiptoes looking hard　6　the door window, trying in vain to see　7　was forbidden. Suddenly a firm　8　on our shoulders stopped us.

　　Turning around, I found a teacher staring angrily at us. In those seconds millions of　9　flashed through my mind. My father would beat me hard. 　10　than that, my mom might be so mad that she might not stop him. My spirits　11　even lower while realizing how　12　Mr. Johnson would be.

　　When Kirn and I were led back to our classroom, I could found　13　to hide and wanted to melt into the　14　. However, Mr. Johnson had a different　15　to teach.

　　Slowly, he bent down to look me in the　16　, and I was met with a look of concern rather than anger. He spoke softly as he explained why he was　17　in my decision to go where I may have got hurt. He cared more about my　18　than the fact that I’d broken a rule. My heart was　19　with regret, and I discovered that he still loved me even after I’d disappointed him. The rest of the day, he didn’t even mention it in class publicly, 　20　did he tell my parents. It was the first time I felt the power of being given an unexpected second chance.

　　【文章大意】由于火灾, 老师禁止我们进入艺术教室。然而出于好奇我要去一探究竟, 却被老师逮住了。本以为老师会严厉地责备我并告诉家长, 但是他却更关心我的安全。

　　1. A. confirmed　B. examined　C. cancelled　D. suggested

　　【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。confirm证实, 肯定; examine检查, 调查; cancel取消, 废除; suggest建议。根据前面的the Art class知道应该用cancel, 指艺术课被取消了。

　　2. A. useless B. dangerous

　　C. childish

　　D. naughty

　　【解析】选B。前后照应题。useless无用的; dangerous危险的; childish孩子气的; naughty调皮的。从上文来看Art room发生了火灾, 因此此处应该是由于危险而不能靠近。

　　3. A. test B. risk

　　C. check

　　D. chance

　　【解析】选B。固定搭配题。test检查, 测试; risk危险; check检查; chance机会。根据前文可知我们应该是冒险去做某事。take a risk冒险。

　　4. A. reached B. searched

　　C. entered

　　D. cleaned

　　【解析】选A。词义辨析题。reach到达; search搜索; enter进入; clean清理。从后文“looking hard　the door window”可知, 我们并没有进入the Art room。

　　5. A. until B. unless

　　C. as

　　D. if

　　【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。until“直到……”; unless“除非……”; as“当……时”; if“如果”。根据文章意思推测, 本句应该是: ……如果我们被抓所面临的后果。

　　6. A. over B. within

　　C. through

　　D. across

　　【解析】选C。背景常识题。over在……的上方; within在……里面; through穿过, 通过; across穿过。根据文章应该是通过门上的窗户看……, 故选through。

　　7. A. what B. how

　　C. why

　　D. which

　　【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。what什么; how怎么样; why为什么; which哪个。从句子看此处的宾语从句缺少主语, 故选what。

　　8. A. word B. hold

　　C. cry

　　D. order

　　【解析】选B。词义辨析题。word话; hold握, 抓; cry哭; order命令。从后面的shoulder可知是: 抓住了肩膀。

　　9. A. thoughts B. feelings

　　C. solutions

　　D. excuses

　　【解析】选A。词义辨析题。很多的想法在脑子里出现。thoughts想法; feelings感觉, 知觉; solutions解决办法; excuses理由, 辩解, 借口。

　　10. A. Easier B. Less

　　C. More

　　D. Worse

　　【解析】选D。固定搭配题。更糟糕的是……。easier更容易的; less更少的, 较少的; more更多的; worse更糟糕的。

　　11. A. changed B. lifted

　　C. sank

　　D. lost

　　【解析】选C。前后照应题。change改变, 交换; lift提, 举; sink陷入, 衰退, 下沉; lose丢失, 迷失。从前面可知Mr. Johnson禁止去做这件事, 所以当我意识到Mr.

　　Johnson会有多生气时, 我的情绪应该是消沉。所以此处应该选择sank。

　　12. A. strange B. angry

　　C. kind

　　D. sad

　　【解析】选B。词汇复现题。strange奇怪的; angry生气的; kind和蔼的; sad悲伤的。本段首已经提到老师很生气。

　　13. A. somewhere B. anywhere

　　C. nowhere

　　D. everywhere

　　【解析】选C。词义辨析题。somewhere某处; anywhere任何地方; nowhere无处; everywhere每处。由于羞愧心理, 我应该是想找地方藏起来, 却找不到。所以应该选择nowhere。

　　14. A. fire B. laugh

　　C. table

　　D. floor

　　【解析】选D。前后照应题。fire火; laugh笑; table桌子; floor地板。根据上题可知我想躲起来。melt into the floor藏到地下去。

　　15. A. course B. lesson

　　C. knowledge

　　D. ability

　　【解析】选B。固定搭配题。course课程, 过程; lesson教训, 课; knowledge知识; ability能力。

　　16. A. eye B. head

　　C. hand

　　D. feet

　　【解析】选A。固定搭配题。eye眼睛; head头; hand手; foot脚。look sb. in the eye正视某人。

　　17. A. embarrassed B. excited

　　C. disappointed

　　D. moved

　　【解析】选C。前后照应题。embarrassed窘迫的, 尴尬的; excited激动的, 兴奋的; disappointed失望的; moved被感动的。后文解释了老师很失望的原因。

　　18. A. grade B. honesty

　　C. interest

　　D. safety

　　【解析】选D。词义辨析题。比起我破坏规则来说老师更加关心我的安全。grade分数; honesty诚实; interest兴趣; safety安全。

　　19. A. full B. heavy

　　C. relaxed

　　D. empty

　　【解析】选B。前后照应题。面对老师对我的教育, 我应该感觉到愧疚。full满的; heavy沉重的; relaxed放松的, 松懈的, 随意的; empty空的。be full和of连用。

　　20. A. so B. nor

　　C. either

　　D. yet

　　【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。老师既没有在班上公开提到这件事, 也没有告诉我的父母。so如此; nor也不, 也没有; either或者; yet然而, 但是。

　　. 语法填空

　　阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　(原创)In his heyday pop star Rod Stewart had thousands of girls screaming and crying at his concerts.

　　And years later his emotive power still existed as a little girl cried and laughed when her mother sang one of his 1988　1　(hit)to her.

　　A video　2　recorded the moment　3　(post)on YouTube and showed the 10-month-old baby going through a range of emotions as her mother sang My Heart Can’t Tell You No.

　　It started　4　the smiling baby sitting in a baby chair as her mother asked, “Do you want mummy　5　(sing)a song? Let me know　6　you feel about this song. ”

　　As the mother began to sing, the baby looked　7　(puzzle)and then broke into a wide smile as she continued. 　8　then her eyes started to fill up with tears and she frowned.

　　Salty tears rolled down her cheeks into her mouth and she paused to taste　9　before looking more upset.

　　But just as suddenly she then smiled wide and looked as if she was enjoying　10　song again.

　　When the mother finished and told the little girl“It’s just a song, ”she then laughed happily.

　　【文章大意】加拿大一个10个月大的小宝宝, 听着妈妈唱着伤心的情歌, 仿佛真的听懂了歌中的伤痛, 哭得泪流满面。

　　1. 【解析】hits。考查名词。此处的hit是可数名词, 意为“风靡一时的(电影、歌曲等)”, one of后面跟的是可数名词的复数形式。

　　2. 【解析】which /that。考查关系代词。which/ that引导的是一个定语从句, 修饰video, 且在从句中作主语。

　　3. 【解析】was posted。考查时态和语态。由上下文可知, 此处描述的是过去的事情, 且post与主语video之间是被动关系, 应用一般过去时的被动语态。

　　4. 【解析】with。考查介词。start with以……开始, 是固定搭配。

　　5. 【解析】to sing。考查不定式。want后接不定式作宾语或者宾语补足语。

　　6. 【解析】how。考查副词。句意: 让我知道你对这首歌有什么样的感觉。how如何, 怎样。

　　7. 【解析】puzzled。考查-ed形容词。句意: 妈妈唱起歌来时, 宝宝一开始看起来有点迷茫, 歌声继续, 她脸上露出大大的笑容。puzzled迷惑不解的。puzzling令人不解的。

　　8. 【解析】But。考查连词。上下文之间是转折关系, 应用连词but表转折。

　　9. 【解析】them。考查代词。代替上文的tears, 应用them。

　　10. 【解析】the。考查冠词。此处用定冠词the特指上面提到的歌曲。

　　. 短文改错

　　(2017·遵义模拟)

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(), 并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除: 把多余的词用斜线(划掉。

　　修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

　　2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　As a middle school student of Senior Three, I do sport one and two hours a

　　sports

　　or

　　day, such as doing morning exercises, playing basketball and long-distance running. I think it is helpfully to me. Take exercise makes me more healthier so that I

　　helpful

　　Taking

　　won’t be ill very often. What’s more, I also get myself relaxing in different kinds of

　　relaxed

　　sports. Only in this way∧I do a better job in my study in high spirits. For doing

　　can/will

　　By

　　physical exercise, I’m becoming stronger and more confident than before. I did think

　　do

　　it is necessary for everyone to spend some time on sports every day so people’s health

　　because

　　is important in modern life.

　　Ⅴ. 书面表达

　　下面这幅漫画展现了人生的一个道理, 请根据你对这幅漫画的理解用英语写一篇短文。

　　你的短文应包含以下内容:

　　1. 描述图画内容, 如图中人物的行为和心情等;

　　2. 揭示图画所要表达的人生哲理;

　　3. 结合自身实际, 谈谈这一漫画给你的启示。

　　注意:

　　1. 词数100个左右。开头已经写好, 不计入总词数;

　　2. 文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。

　　3. 参考词汇: 挖土cut earth　钻石diamond

　　Many people fail in life because they do not realize how close they are to success when they give up.

　　In this picture, we can see___________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　【参考范文】

　　Many people fail in life because they do not realize how close they are to success when they give up.

　　In this picture, we can see a man is cutting earth in a tunnel, hoping to find some diamonds. He works hard. However, after a long time of pains without gains, he gives up. With one or two more attempts of cutting, he would have seen those diamonds.

　　This story tells us a very simple but important piece of truth: we should be confident in what we have chosen to do and never stop our efforts until we succeed.

　　As a student, I should learn a lesson from the man. Just like the diamonds in the picture, success is just waiting for my last efforts. I have been cutting earth for so many years, so I will not give up until I succeed.

　　【语篇随练】多练一点　技高一筹

　　根据完形填空内容, 回答下列问题。

　　1. Why didn’t Mr. Johnson allow the students to approach the Art room? (no more than 10 words)

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　　2. What can we know about Mr. Johnson according to Paragraph 3? (no more than 20 words)

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　　3. What’s the best title of the passage? (no more than 8 words)

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　　答案: 1. Because the room will be dangerous due to the fire.

　　2. He is often strict and will connect the students’ parents if they break the school rules.

　　3. An unexpected lesson/An unexpected second chance.