2017届高考英语一轮复习顶尖学案：选修8 Unit 23　Conflict　冲突（北师大版）

　　2017届高考英语一轮复习顶尖学案：选修8 Unit 23　Conflict　冲突（北师大版）

　　核心词汇

　　1．I hope we shall come to a ____________(妥协，和解)．

　　2．I haven’t got one particle of race p____________.

　　3．People who work in libraries spend a lot of time c__________ books.

　　4．He s____________a large sum of money to the relief fund.

　　5．The i____________of 1956 included many people from Hungary.

　　6．She ____________(消耗，花费)most of her time in reading.

　　7．She has many a____________in the business community.

　　8．It is a systematic attempt to ____________(加强)our competitive ability.

　　9．Some articles of ____________(家具)were lost when we moved to a f____________department.

　　1．compromise　2.prejudice　3.classifying　4.subscribed　5.immigration　6.consumed　7.acquaintances

　　8．strengthen　9.furniture；furnished

　　高频短语

　　1．________________把……交给

　　2．________________

　　瞬间，即刻

　　3．________________

　　保护，维护

　　4．________________

　　与……详细讨论……

　　5．________________

　　请(某人)

　　6．________________

　　有……的天赋

　　7．________________

　　减去

　　8．________________

　　(在困境中)坚持

　　9．________________

　　要求……介入

　　10．________________

　　遵守诺言

　　11．________________

　　发生

　　12．________________

　　看不起……

　　13．________________

　　解决(问题或困难)；分类

　　14．________________

　　给某人招来(不愉快的)事情

　　15．________________

　　提议，提出

　　16．________________

　　让步，屈服

　　17．________________

　　派人去叫

　　1．hand over　2.in a flash　3.stand up for　4.talk sth.over with sb.　5.call in　6.have a gift for　7.keep off8.hold out　9.call on　10.keep one’s word　11.come about　12.look down on　13.sort out　14.bring sth.on sb.　15.put forward　16.give in　17.send for

　　重点句式

　　1．____________________had they moved in__________the noise began and rarely did they get a full night’s sleep.

　　他们刚搬进来，噪音就开始了，并且他们几乎没有一晚上睡好觉的。

　　2．Yang Ming hates____________________an alcoholic，__________________the fact____________people have ____________his music____________“noise”____________upsets him.

　　杨明讨厌被叫为嗜酒徒，但是人们把他的音乐归为噪音的事实也实在让他感到难受。

　　3．We’d be sitting there happily reading our newspapers，________suddenly________much water would come from above____________we’d be as wet__________________we’d showered____________our clothes________！

　　我们正坐在那里高兴地读报纸时，突然有很多水从上面流下来，使得我们会像穿着衣服淋浴一样湿。

　　4．In fact，____________ I use the bike，____________weight I seem to put on，despite following the instruction manual carefully.

　　事实上，虽然我认真地照说明指南去做，但我骑自行车的次数越多，似乎体重增加的越多。

　　1.No sooner；than　2.being called；but it is；that；classified；as；that　3.when；so；that；as if；with；on　4.the more；the more

　　知识详解

　　1 .expose　vt.　暴露；使置身于危险中

　　(回归课本P20)Yang Ming’s neighbours say they were being driven mad being exposed to such noise.

　　杨明的邻居说他们快因那些噪音而发疯了。

　　归纳拓展

　　例句探源

　　①(2010年高考辽宁卷)．..I am repeatedly exposed to the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas.

　　……我再三的接触那些基本的单词并且学习它们是怎么备用来解释事物和思想的。

　　②He exposed himself to great danger.

　　他使自己暴露于极大的危险中。

　　③Klaus von Bulow was exposed as a liar and a cheat.

　　克劳斯·冯·布洛被揭露是一个说谎者和骗子。

　　1．(2010年杭州模拟)Doctors warn people that one may develop skin cancer with his skin________to the sun too much.

　　A．exposes　B．exposing

　　C．exposed

　　D．being exposed

　　解析：选C。考查非谓语动词。his skin与expose是被动关系，且不强调正在进行，故选C。

　　2 .departure　n．　离开；离去

　　(回归课本P20)Yang Ming’s departure has pleased his neighbours.杨明的离开使他的邻居很高兴。

　　归纳拓展

　　例句探源

　　①We delayed our departure on account of bad weather.

　　由于天气不好，我们将动身的时间推迟了。

　　②What is the departure time of the flight?

　　飞机什么时候起飞？

　　③This is a new departure from the old method.

　　这是对旧的方案的新发展。

　　④All passengers departing for New York on flight UA179 should go to Gate 7.

　　乘坐UA179次航班前往纽约的乘客请到7号登机口登机。

　　⑤The play departs from tradition in its form.

　　这部戏在形式上摆脱了传统。

　　2．完成句子

　　(1)航班起飞前10分钟停止登机。

　　Gate will be closed 10 minutes________ ________.

　　答案：before departure

　　(2)你出发的日子已决定了吗？

　　Have you settled on a date ________ ________ ________？

　　答案：for your departure

　　3 .classify　vt.　把……分类

　　(回归课本P20)．..，but it is the fact that people have classified his music as “noise” that upsets him most.

　　……但就是人们把他的音乐划归为噪音的事实使他感到最不高兴。

　　归纳拓展

　　①(牛津P351)Only eleven of these accidents were classified as major.

　　这些事故中只有十一例被判定为重大事故。

　　②(牛津P351)The books in the library are classified according to subject.

　　图书馆的书是按照科目分类的。

　　③(牛津P351)Patients are classified into three categories.

　　病人被归为三种类型。

　　例句探源

　　3．We usually ________ types of character as good or bad.

　　A．treat B．regard

　　C．classify

　　D．consider

　　解析：选C。句意：我们通常把性格的类型分为善与恶。 classify 表示“分类”，符合句意。

　　4 .appoint　vt.　任命，委任；约定

　　(回归课本P134)Do you know I was appointed head of the student union?

　　你知道我被任命为学生会主席了吗？

　　归纳拓展

　　①They appointed him (to be) manager.

　　他们任命他为经理。

　　②They appointed him(as) captain of the English team.

　　他们任命他为英格兰队队长。

　　③(2010年高考江西卷)One of the duties of the person to be appointed is taking charge of research work.

　　那个人被指定的任务之一就是负责研究工作。

　　例句探源

　　4．(2010年沈阳模拟)We must ________ a new teacher at once to the mountain school.

　　A．appreciate　B．appoint

　　C．appeal

　　D．approach

　　解析：选B。考查动词辨析。句意：我们必须马上派一名新教师到那所山区学校。appreciate欣赏，赏识；appeal吸引；approach接近，靠近；appoint任命；根据题意应选B项。

　　5 .remark　vt.& n．　 说起，谈到；言论，评论

　　(回归课本P24)One of their men，speaking in English，remarked that he had worked in England for some years...

　　他们当中有一人会说英语，他说他在英国工作过好几年……

　　归纳拓展

　　remark on/upon sth.对……作出评论

　　make a remark on/upon sth.对……作出评论

　　remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的

　　例句探源

　　①(朗文P1933)He remarked on the difference in security measures at the two airports.

　　他讲到两个机场安全措施的不同。

　　②They made rude remarks about her appearance.

　　他们对她的外表横加粗暴的评论。

　　③His casual remark triggered a political storm.

　　他的一句戏言引发一场政治风暴。

　　5．用remark的适当形式填空

　　Obama made a ________ speech after being elected president.His ________ inspired many American people.

　　答案：remarkable；remark

　　6 .distribute　vt.　分发，分配

　　(回归课本P24)Bill distributed the beer among us and we consumed the lot.

　　贝尔给我们分发啤酒，我们喝了很多。

　　归纳拓展

　　distribute...over...把……分配到……

　　distribute sth. to...把某物分给……

　　distribute sth.among...(＝divide...among...)

　　把……分给……

　　例句探源

　　①The farmers are distributing manure over the field.

　　农民们正在田间撒肥。

　　②The old man has distributed the magazines to the children.

　　老人已把杂志分给了孩子们。

　　6．The doctors ________ the medicines to the people in the flooded area.

　　A．distinguishedB．choose

　　C．annoyed

　　D．distributed

　　解析：选D。句意：医生给遭受水灾地区的人们分发药品。distribute分发，分给，散发；distinguish区分，辨别；choose选择；annoy使烦恼，使生气。

　　7 .acquaintance　n.相识的人 ；对某事物的了解

　　(回归课本P25)Me and an acquaintance were walking behind an English pub once，...

　　我和一个熟人曾在一个英式小酒吧的后面散步……

　　归纳拓展

　　①(牛津P16)I had little acquaintance with modern poetry.

　　我对现代诗所知甚少。

　　②We are only casual acquaintances.

　　我们只是泛泛之交。

　　③I have no acquaintance with this book.

　　我不熟悉这本书。

　　④Residents should acquaint themselves with earthquake safety rules.

　　居民们应该了解地震安全防护规范。

　　例句探源

　　7．Who，Mary Smith？I’ve never made her ________.

　　A．recognition　B．practice

　　C．acquaintance

　　D．satisfaction

　　解析：选C。句意：是谁？玛丽·史密斯？我根本不认识她。make one’s acquaintance 认识某人，符合句意。

　　8

　　.intend　vt.　想要；打算

　　(回归课本P26)Unless I receive a positive reply within the next three weeks，I intend to take further action.

　　除非在以后的三周之内我收到肯定的答复才会打算采取进一步行动。

　　归纳拓展

　　①(2010年高考湖南卷)All the money from the book is intended for the Jurenile Diabetes Research Foundation(JDRF)．..

　　买书所得的钱都用在少年糖尿病研究基金会上……

　　②I fully intended to pay for the damage.

　　我确实诚心想赔偿损失。

　　③He intends his son to manage the company.

　　他打算让他儿子经营该公司。

　　例句探源

　　8．完成句子

　　I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(本打算早点出发)，but I got up too late.

　　答案：had intended to start earlier

　　9 .possession　n．私有物品

　　(回归课本P135)You’re always going off with my possessions and not giving them back.

　　你总是拿走我的物品并且不把它们还给我。

　　归纳拓展

　　①(2010年高考天津卷)He learned that the horse possess many qualities that make them an excellent choice for guiding people.

　　他知道马有许多品质，这些品质使它们做人们的向导成为一个极好的选择。

　　②Chinese peasants possess a wealth of knowledge about production.中国农民有丰富的生产知识。

　　例句探源

　　③He felt possessed of great strength and fearlessness.

　　他觉得力气很大，无所畏惧。

　　④The gang was caught in possession of stolen goods.

　　这伙人被逮住，人赃俱获。

　　⑤The possession of a passport is essential for foreign travel.

　　去国外旅行需持有护照。

　　9．She was ________ by a desire to be rich，so she invested all her money at hand on the stock market.

　　A．lost B．caught

　　C．possessed

　　D．tricked

　　解析：选C。句意：她一心想发财，因此将手头所有的钱都投到了股市里。be possessed by(思想，念头)缠住、迷住某人，符合句意。

　　10 .hand over　移交；交出

　　(回归课本P134)Friction between the family­run business and the military government first became serious when the owner wouldn’t hand over his“secret recipe”．

　　当秘方拥有者不肯交出他的“秘方”时，家族企业与军事政府之间的分歧首次变得严重起来。

　　归纳拓展

　　例句探源

　　①She got them to hand over all their money by a wicked deceit.她用卑鄙的手段使他们把所有的钱移交给她。

　　②We handed over the thief to the police.

　　我们把小偷移交给警察局。

　　10．It is certain that he will ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(把生意移交给儿子)when he gets old.

　　答案：hand his business down to his son

　　11 .put forward　提出；推荐；将……提前；把钟表拨快

　　(回归课本P23)You should put forward solutions and...

　　你应当提出解决的办法并且……

　　例句探源

　　①(牛津P1614)We’ve put the wedding forward by one week.

　　我们已把婚礼提前了一周。

　　②She often puts forward some useful advice.

　　她常常提出一些有用的建议。

　　③Can I put you/your name forward as golf club secretary?

　　我推荐你担任高尔夫球俱乐部的秘书怎么样？

　　11．The doctor has ________a new idea on the treatment，which is well thought of by his companions.

　　A．thought of

　　B．put forward

　　C．spoken up

　　D．regarded as

　　解析：选B。根据题意，此处应表示“提出一个新的治疗方案”。A项表示“认为……”；B项表示“提出”；C项表示“大声说出”；D项表示“把……当作”。

　　12 .hold out　维持，坚持；提供机会；给予希望；使有可能

　　(回归课本P135)They just hope that if they hold out for long enough things will get better by and by.

　　他们只是希望如果他们坚持足够长的话，不久之后，事情会慢慢变好起来的。

　　归纳拓展

　　例句探源

　　①The doctors hold out little hope of his recovery.

　　医生们对他的康复不抱多大希望。

　　②How long will our food supplies hold out?

　　我们的粮食还能维持多久？

　　③They held out against enemy for six months.

　　他们坚持不屈抗击敌人达六个月之久。

　　④It’s not easy for him to hold out to the end.

　　他很难坚持到底。

　　12．翻译句子

　　我们坚信病人会康复。

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　答案：We hold out much hope of the patient’s recovery.

　　13 .sort out　解决(问题或困难)；挑出；拣出

　　(回归课本P137)．..we can sort out the money for your injury on the spot.……我们可以当场解决由受伤引起的钱的问题。

　　归纳拓展

　　例句探源

　　①Could you sort out the toys that can be thrown away?

　　你把可以扔掉的玩具挑出来，好吗？

　　②I could hardly make out anything in the thick fog.

　　在浓雾中我几乎什么也看不见。

　　③(网络)Let me pick out some good ones for you.

　　让我来替你挑几个好的。

　　13．If you can’t ________ the difficulty yourself，I will ask Tom to help you.

　　A．make outB．sort out

　　C．figure out

　　D．pick out

　　解析：选B。在此句中，所填空白处的意思应为“解决”。make out理解；sort out 解决；figure out计算出；pick out 挑选出。

　　句型梳理

　　1【教材原句】　 Had_they_known_their_neighbour_was_a_drummer，they wouldn’t have moved into the building.( P20)

　　要是知道他们的邻居是个鼓手，他们就不会搬进来了。

　　【句法分析】　Had they...a drummer 为一种倒装结构的省略形式，补全应为If they had known...，即省去了if，且把had提前，本句是对过去情况的一种假设，为虚拟语气。

　　①Had I known the truth，I wouldn’t have scolded him.

　　我要是知道真相，就不会责备他了。

　　②Were I you，I would accept the job.

　　要是我是你，我就接受这份工作。

　　③Should it rain tomorrow，we wouldn’t go camping.

　　如果明天下雨，我们就不去野营了。

　　【温馨提示】　含有should，were，had的虚拟条件句，常可以省略if，将should，were，had提前。若条件从句为否定句，否定词not 应置于主语之后，而不能与were，should，had等缩略成weren’t，shouldn’t，hadn’t而置于句首。

　　14．________fired，your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.

　　A．Would you be B．Should you be

　　C．Could you be

　　D．Might you be

　　解析：选B。虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were，should或had时，可省略if，再把were，should或had移到从句的句省，实行倒装。句意：万一你被解雇了，医疗保障和其他福利也不会马上被取消。

　　2【教材原句】　No_sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did

　　they get a full night’s sleep.(P20)

　　他们刚搬进来，噪音就开始了，他们几乎没有睡过一个囫囵觉。

　　【句法分析】　No sooner...than... 一……就……。表示“一……就……”的结构有：

　　(1)hardly...when/scarcely...when/no sooner...than，注意句子主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；hardly/scarcely/no sooner 位于句首时，用倒装语序。

　　(2)as soon as；the moment/minute/instant...；

　　immediately/instantly

　　(3)on＋名词/动名词

　　on his arrival；on hearing the news

　　(4)at＋名词

　　at the sight of

　　①No sooner had he sat down than the phone rang.

　　他刚坐下，电话铃就响了。

　　②I’ll tell you the result immediately I get it.

　　我一得到结果就告诉你。

　　③On seeing her mother，she burst into tears.

　　一见到她妈妈，她就放声大哭。

　　④At the sight of the scene，he couldn’t help thinking of his hometown.

　　一看到这个场景，他就情不自禁地想起他的家乡。

　　15．句型转换

　　Hardly had I rushed out of the building when it fell onto the ground.

　　→________ ________had I rushed out of the building than it fell onto the ground.

　　答案：No sooner

　　3【教材原句】　One of their men，speaking in English，remarked_that he had worked in England for some years and that he was fed up to the neck with this war and would be glad when it was over.(P24)

　　他们之中有一个人会说英语，他说他在英格兰工作过好几年，他对这场讨厌的战争烦透了，如果战争结束他会感到高兴的。

　　【句法分析】　本句中remarked 后面跟有两个并列的宾语从句，均由that引导，第一个连词that可以省略，而第二个连词that不能省略。

　　①He explained to me (that) he would take a vacation to Qingdao and that he planned to buy some seafood there.

　　他对我解释说，他要去青岛度假并打算在那儿买些海鲜。

　　②Tom declared at the meeting (that) he was intended to divorce and that he would left for Japan.

　　汤姆在会上公开宣称，他意欲离婚然后动身去日本。

　　③The teacher told us (that) H1N1 flu was not frightening and that it could be cured if treated on time.

　　老师告诉我们，H1N1流感并不可怕，如果治疗及时是可以治好的。

　　16．完成句子

　　(1)他经常告诫我们，要把握现在，创造美好未来。

　　________ ________ ________ ________ ________we should seize the present opportunity and ________ we had better produce a bright future.

　　答案：He often warns us that；that

　　(2)他评论说金融危机已经过去，各个国家应该快速发展。

　　________ ________ ________ the worldwide economy crisis has passed by and ________ all the countries should speed up their development.

　　答案：He remarked that；that