2015届高考英语一轮复习配套课件：M8 Unit 1《The written word》（译林版）

　　◆She would listen to her classmates rather than her parents. 她宁愿听同学的话，也不听父母的。 有时，为表示语气上的强调，可将rather than置于句首。 ◆Rather than get money in such a dishonest way, he would beg in the street. 与其以这种不诚实的方式挣钱，他不如上街去行乞。 (1)“would rather＋动词原形”是英语中常见的一个惯用句式(美国英语中多用had rather)。 'd rather为would (或had) rather的缩写形式。would (had)在此决无“过去”之意，且无词性、时态变化，它是一个情态助动词。该句式常用来表示选择的意愿，意为“宁可……”、“宁愿……”、“最好……”。 ◆Which would you rather have, tea or coffee? 你宁愿喝哪一种饮料，茶还是咖啡？ (2) would rather后面跟从句时，其从句谓语动词常用过去时来表示现在或将来的动作。 ◆I'd rather you forgot the unpleasant experience in the city. 我宁愿你把在城市不愉快的经历忘掉。 (3) would rather后还可接动词的完成式，表示主语要做某事，而结果却事与愿违。 ◆We ourselves would rather have left on December 16th, but we didn't because of the bad weather. 我们本想在12月16日动身的，但因为天气原因没有离开。 ①— Will you join us in the game?

　　— Thank you, ______

　　A. but why not?

　　B. but I'd rather not.

　　C. and I won't.

　　D. and I'll join. ①B　由问句“你愿意参加我们的游戏吗？”及答句“谢谢”可知应填入表示转折的词，而A表示“但是为什么不参加呢？”，不符合语境。只有B“但是我不想参加”才与问句吻合。 ②他宁愿玩也不愿工作。

　　He ________________.

　　②would rather play than work 怎样写好描写文 一、描写文的概述 描写(Description)就是用生动、形象的语言把人物、事物、景物等的特征和性质活灵活现地刻画或描绘出来，使读者如见其人，如闻其声，如临其境。为了使人或事物的特征跃然纸上，我们往往在写文章时把叙述和描写结合起来。描写就是形象化的叙述。 1. 描写文的分类 就描写对象而言，描写可分为人物描写、景物描写和场面描写等。

　　(1)人物描写：指描写人物的肖像、语言、动作、心理活动及生活细节等，旨在塑造活灵活现的人物。 (2)景物描写：是指对山川风光、鸟树鱼虫、风花雪月等的描写。 (3)场面描写：指对一个特定时间和地点发生的事情的描写，如劳动场面、会议场面、战斗场面等的描写。 2．描写文的语言 描写文的语言特征就是大量使用动词和具有定语性质的形容词进行描述，使我们所接触的人或事物能够具体、形象地表现出来。为了使文章更生动，要适当地运用形容词、同义词或派生形容词、副词等，避免重复、单调。 3．描写文的具体写法

　　(1)描写文的写法多种多样，可以先从具体描写某一事物开始，然后再泛写与之相关的其他事物；也可以先写不重要的事物，最后重点突出所要描写的事物；也可以按照事物所处的空间顺序，如前后左右等，来描述事物。 (2)灵活运用各种修辞手法 根据需要恰当地运用比喻、拟人、夸张等修辞手法，使描述更生动、形象，更好地说明问题。如： He says he is almost as busy as a bee.

　　他说他忙得团团转。(比喻) My heart is like a singing bird.

　　我心情舒畅。(比喻) (3)要写好描写文，既要有丰富的想象力和敏锐的观察力，还要具有语言描写能力。因此，我们在中学阶段应该有意识地努力培养这两种能力。在日常生活中要多观察周围的事物，并在英语学习中，进行广泛的阅读，多积累词汇、素材，多做练习。 二、写作模板 第一段：导语，揭示核心内容。如：On May Day… went to… 第二段：描述主体，对事件的详细描述。如：Upon their arrival… Then they started… When it was time… 第三段：结束语，概括总结。如：What they did has… 三、典例分析 1．试题要求 写一篇短文，简述Green School受欢迎的原因。要求包含以下内容： (1)历史悠久； (2)校园美丽； (3)设备良好。教学楼、实验楼、语音室、计算机房、图书馆及体育馆都是全市最好的；

　　(4)收费合理； (5)教师出色，大部分毕业于名牌大学。他们有耐心，有经验，热爱学生。 注意：不要逐条翻译。不少于120词。 2．内容分析 这是一篇提示类作文，内容涉及Green School，故它实际上是一篇描述性说明文。该文写作重点是Green School受欢迎的原因，题干中提供了较为充实的写作材料，考生可从Green School的历史、环境、设备、收费以及教师品质等几个方面加以说明。 注意事项： ①题干所提供的内容较为繁杂，动笔前应仔细分析材料加以整合，以便于描写； ②所使用句式应注意变化，避免出现单一的It is… /It has…之类的句式。 3．佳作赏析 Why is Green School so popular?

　　Green School is a beautiful school with a long history, in which trees and flowers are growing here and there. Having the best facilities such as the classroom buildings, the experiment labs and the sound labs, the computer rooms, the library as well as the gymnasium, the school is equipped very well. What's more, it is less costly than other schools. Even so, teachers in the school are excellent and most of them graduated from famous universities and colleges. These experienced teachers who are devoted to their teaching are patient with students and have deep love for the students as well.

　　4．满分揭秘 要点齐全，表达准确，层次清晰，行文连贯，给人一气呵成之感。文章足以显示作者扎实的语言功底和驾驭语言的能力，是一篇名副其实的满分作文。 (2017·江苏卷改编)生活中冲突时有发生。假设你班同学苏华和李江打篮球时发生争执， 导致关系紧张。请你结合此事， 并根据以下提示， 用英语写一篇短文， 向学校英文报“Happy Teens”专栏投稿。 注意： 1. 适当发挥要点，不少于120词。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。 2. 作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。

　　Conflicts with others are common in everyday life. During the basketball game yesterday afternoon, Su Hua and Li Jiang bumped into each other, trying to catch the ball. Then they started shouting and yelling, and it turned into a horrible quarrel. ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ One possible version：

　　Conflicts with others are common in everyday life. During the basketball game yesterday afternoon, Su Hua and Li Jiang bumped into each other, trying to catch the ball. Then they started shouting and yelling, and it turned into a horrible quarrel.

　　To be honest, it was Su's fault but Li was also to blame — they were not calm enough and both said some really mean things. They cared too much about winning and losing.

　　As a matter of fact, blocking, pushing and bumping are just part of a tough game.

　　To avoid such conflicts, we should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life. It is also a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful society. Instead of blaming each other, we should communicate more and put ourselves in others' place.

　　Don't be self­centered and try to be considerate. We must learn to handle conflicts calmly and wisely. * Module 8 Unit 1　 The written word

　　1、desperate adj. 绝望的，不顾一切的，极其想要的 ◆The situation is desperate. 这种情况令人绝望。 与hopeless相比，desperate的语气要轻些。 ◆The situation was desperate but not hopeless. 这种情况令人绝望，但也不全无希望。 desperate后可接不定式，表示“发疯似的想要……”。 ◆When the war was over, Tom was desperate to return to civilian life.当战争结束的时候，汤姆发疯似的想要回到平民的生活。  他极想喝一杯水。

　　He's 　 a glass of water. desperate for 2、vain adj. 自负的，徒劳的，无效的，虚荣的

　　常用搭配：in vain 徒劳无益；自费力气 ◆She is vain and foolish, and yet people like her.

　　她自负而愚蠢，然而人们喜欢她。 ◆All our work was in vain.

　　我们的工作全都白干了。 in vain to

　　他白费力气想抓住停在花上的蝴蝶。

　　He tried 　 catch the butterfly on the flower. 3、abuse

　　vt. 滥用；辱骂；虐待

　　abuse one's power 滥用权力 caused; abuse

　　这个男孩打碎了窗户玻璃，招致一阵恶骂。

　　The boy's breaking of window glasses ______ a hail of ______.

　　4、resist v.反抗，抵制，抵挡

　　◆The soldiers resisted the enemy attacks.

　　士兵们抵抗了敌人的进攻。

　　cannot resist (doing) sth. 忍不住，按捺不住(做)某事 ◆I can never resist the urge to laugh.

　　我克制不了大笑的冲动。 ◆He couldn't resist showing off his new car.

　　他忍不住要炫耀自己的新车。 5、 adore vt. 爱慕，崇拜，热爱 ◆Men can only adore women who are adorable.

　　男人们只爱慕那些让人爱慕的女人。 like, love, enjoy, fancy, adore, prefer 这些动词都有“喜欢、喜爱”之意。 like 最常用词，往往只表不太强烈的兴趣或关注，不带强烈的感情，除非另加修饰语。 love 不但表示强烈的喜欢，而且含依恋之情，因此多用于能激起深厚情感的人或物。 enjoy 指对能提供感官或智力上满足或快乐的东西表示欣赏或喜爱。 fancy 指喜爱投合自己心意、嗜好或欲望等的人或物。 adore 非正式用词，口语体，指非常喜爱，带强烈的感情色彩。 prefer 指有选择性或偏向性的喜欢。 adore the handsome mathematics teacher 我们学校里所有女孩子都崇拜那个恰巧是单身汉的英 俊数学老师。

　　All the girls in our school ________________________ who happens to be a bachelor.

　　6、 rescue vt. 营救，援救

　　◆He dived from the bridge to rescue the drowning child.

　　他从桥上跳入水中去抢救那名溺水儿童。

　　◆Had Jim not dived in to rescue him, the boy would have drowned.

　　如果不是吉姆跳下水去救，那小男孩早就淹死了。

　　◆The government has rescued the firm from bankruptcy by giving them a grant.

　　政府拨款给这家公司使其免于破产。 rescue, save 这两个动词均有“营救、拯救、搭救”之意。 rescue 多指营救某人脱离紧迫的危险。 save 含义广泛，既可指营救某人使脱离危险，也可指精神或道德上的拯救。 to rescue 训练有素的机组人员设法营救出了大部分乘客。 The well­drilled crew managed ____________ most of the

　　passengers.

　　7、spring v.跳，弹，快速站起，突然提出 The cat crouched ready to spring. 那猫躬起背准备跳。 Roberts kept springing to his feet to shout at the referees.

　　罗伯茨不停地跳起来冲裁判嚷嚷。 ◆Many new factories have sprung up in my home town.

　　我的家乡建了许多新工厂。 spring up 今天傍晚将开始刮西北风。

　　The northwest wind will this evening. 8、intend v. 打算；计划

　　I intend you to take over my career.

　　我打算让你来接替我的事业。 The school is intended for the children whose parents are doing odd work outside.

　　这所学校是专门为父母在外做特殊工作的小孩而开设的。

　　be intended for 专供……使用，专为……而设计 　intend to do/doing 打算做…… 　intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 　intend sth. for sb. / be intended for sb. 打算供某人

　　使用；打算送给某人 　It's intended that… 按计划…… ①B　考查省略。省略了to后面的do 也就是study German。 ①— Does your brother intend to study German?

　　— Yes, he intends______.

　　A. /

　　B. to

　　C. so

　　D. that

　　②intended to do表示“过去打算做某事(可能做了，也可能没做)”，而intended to have done sth.表示“过去打算做某事而实际上没做”，是虚拟语气的一种表达形式，相当于had intended to do sth.。

　　②你知道intended to do和intended to have done sth.的内在含义吗？ _________________________________________________ be set in (on)

　　安置，放置；(电影、故事等)以……为背景 ◆The campsite is set in the middle of a forest.

　　野营点设置在森林的中心。 ◆This story is set in New York in the late 1950s.

　　这个故事是以20世纪50年代末为背景的。

　　set about (doing) sth. 开始 / 着手(做)某事 　set aside 留出；拨出；不顾 　set back 把(钟表等)往回拨 　set in (尤指不愉快的事情)开始，来临；盛行 　set sb. down 使乘客下车 　set sth. down 放下；记下 　set forth 启程； 动身 　set off 出发，动身；使爆炸；引起 　set out 出发，动身； 开始，着手 　set…free 释放…… 选用下列词填空   ①He set ________ washing his car. ②She set a good example ________ all of us. ③The rainy season has set ________. ④The school was set ________ 50 years ago. ⑤She has set ________ some money for a trip to Beijing. ①about　②to　③in　④up　⑤aside about　aside　down　to　in　up 1、Many people do not read them because they think they are old­fashioned and boring, and have nothing to do with life today. 许多人不读经典文学作品是因为觉得他们过时了，枯燥乏味，与今天的生活没有任何关系。 这是一个复合句，其中because引导原因状语从句。be/have nothing to do with 与……无关。 ◆Go out! It's nothing to do with you.

　　出去！这根本就不关你的事。 　be / have something to do with 与……有关 　for nothing 免费；平白无故地 　nothing but 只不过 　anything but一点也不，除……外都 ◆We could have got into the cinema for nothing. 我们本来不花钱就能进入电影院的。 ◆That has something to do with what we are discussing. 那与我们正讨论的问题有关。 — Is he content to accept our price? — Yes. He cares more about the quality. Money is ______ to him.

　　A. everything

　　B. none

　　C. nothing

　　D. something C　句意“他更在乎质量，钱对他来说不算什么”。此处nothing才是最合适的。 2、Pip's sister seldom has a kind word to say, but Joe is a kind and simple man, who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip. 皮普的姐姐极少说好话，但乔是一个淳朴善良的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到伤害。 此句的句式“would rather…than…”意为“宁愿……而不愿……”、“与其……不如……”。用以表达主语的意愿，强调经过选择后做其中一件事，而不愿做另一件事。than 后应接动词原形，但如果该句型前后连接的两个动词相同，则than之后的那个动词可省去。 ◆I would rather you told me the truth now than (you told me) tomorrow. 我宁愿你现在而不是明天告诉我真相。 【注意】would rather…than…也可改写成 “would…

　　rather than…”，其用法及含义仍不变。 *