2016届高考英语二轮词法专题讲座素材：16 状语从句

　　英语词法专题讲座十六：状语从句

　　一、引导词的选择：

　　1. 时间状语从句

　　1). 由when、while、as（当……时候）引导的时间状语从句。

　　When jack got home, his mother was cooking.

　　2). 由after/ before (在….之后/ 前)引导的时间状语从句。

　　The football match played after school was over.

　　3). 由as soon as (一…..就……)引导的时间状语从句。

　　I’ll ring you as soon as I reach Beijing.

　　4). 由not….until（直到…..才…..）引导的时间状语从句。

　　They didn’t stop until they finished the work.

　　2. 原因状语从句

　　由because、since、as（因为、既然、由于）引导的原因状语从句。

　　Since you have known about that, please tell us what to do.

　　3. 地点状语从句

　　由wherever（无论在哪儿）引导的地点状语从句。

　　Wherever he goes, he always brings his pet dog.

　　4. 目的状语从句

　　由so that (以便、为的是)引导目的状语从句。

　　He got up very early so that he could catch the early bus.

　　5. 条件状语从句

　　由if或unless 引导条件状语从句。

　　I won’t go to his party unless I am invited.

　　6. 比较状语从句

　　由than、 as…as、not as……as 引导比较状语从句。

　　There are more students in our class than in theirs.

　　7. 让步状语从句

　　由though、even though/ if、although引导让步状语从句。

　　Although he didn’t pass the exam, his father didn’t get angry with him.

　　8. 方式状语从句

　　由as if (好像)引导方式状语从句。

　　He talked about that as if he knew everything.

　　9. 结果状语从句

　　由so…that…、such….that…（如此…..以致于…）引导结果状语从句。

　　It was raining so hard that we couldn’t see the road.

　　二、状语从句与主句的时态问题

　　1. 时间状语从句、条件状语从句与主句的时态不一致。（主句用将来时，而时间、条件状语从句用一般现在时）

　　If it ________(not rain) tomorrow, we______(go) to climb the hill.

　　He ________ (become) a sodier when he ______(grow) up.

　　2. since引导的时间状语从句。 It is + 时间+ since + 一般过去时

　　It_____(be) ten years since we ________(leave) that city.

　　3. 由when、while引导的时间状语从句的时态：

　　主句（过去进行时）+when +从句（一般过去时）

　　主句（一般过去时）+when +从句（过去进行时）

　　主句（一般过去时）+while +从句（过去进行时）

　　主句（过去进行时）+while +从句（过去进行时）

　　注意：看动词为短暂性动词用一般过去时，动词为延续性动词则用过去进行时。

　　Mother _______(cook)supper when I ______(get)home yesterday.

　　Last Sunday I_______(meet)Lin Hong when I _______(walk)in the street.

　　While Han Meimei _______(sweep)the floor, Lucy _______(carry) water.

　　When the students ________(have)a meeting, the teacher _______(come) in.

　　4. 由when、after、before、by the time引导的时间状语从句的时态：

　　主、从句的谓语动作都以完成，则先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的动作用一般过去时。

　　When they _______(get) to the cinema last light, the film ________(start).

　　I _________(go) out with my friends after I _______(finish) all the homework last night.