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2016届江苏省高考英语二轮专项突破:语法 专题2 非谓语动词

发布时间:2017-03-31  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  专题二 非谓语动词

  考点1 非谓语动词作状语

  1.Like ancient sailors,birds can find their way ________ the sun and the stars.(2015·重庆,11)

  A.used

  B.having used

  C.using

  D.use

  2.When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile,she stood rooted to the ground,________ whether to stay or leave.(2015·湖南,30)

  A.wondering

  B.wonder

  C.to wonder

  D.wondered

  3.________in painting,John didn’t notice evening approaching.(2015·天津,5)

  A.To absorb

  B.To be absorbed

  C.Absorbed

  D.Absorbing

  4.________ for two days,Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.(2015·天津,8)

  A.To work

  B.Worked

  C.To be working

  D.Having worked

  5.________ more about Chinese culture,Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.(2015·福建,28)

  A.Learn

  B.Learned

  C.To learn

  D.To be learning

  6.Time,________ correctly,is money in the bank.(2017·湖南,23)

  A.to use

  B.used

  C.using

  D.use

  考点归纳

  1.分词作状语表示时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随或方式、目的、评论性状语等;现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动;分词的完成时表示动作先于谓语动词发生。

  United,we stand;divided,we fall.

  合则立,分则败。(表示条件)

  He entered the room,following his father (followed by his father).

  他进了房间,跟在他爸爸的后面(他爸爸跟在后面)。(表示伴随)

  She fell off her bike,breaking her left leg.

  她从自行车上摔了下来,摔断了左腿。(表示结果)

  Personally speaking,it’s a good idea!

  就我个人而言,我认为这是个好的观点。(评论性状语)

  2.不定式作状语主要表示原因、目的、结果、评论性状语等。表原因时通常和形容词连用,如be happy/sorry/surprised/ashamed等;表目的时其前可加上in order或so as (so as to do一般不放在句首);表结果时其前通常与only连用,往往表示出乎意料的结果。

  She is interesting to talk to.

  和她谈话很有意思。(表示原因)

  To succeed,one must first of all believe in himself.

  要想成功,首先应该自信。(表示目的)

  Tom took a taxi to the airport,only to find his plane high up in the sky.(2017·四川,6)

  汤姆乘出租车去机场,却发现他要乘坐的飞机高高地飞在空中。(表示结果)

  I’ve never seen such a person,to tell you the truth.

  实话告诉你,我从来没有见过这样一个人。(评论性状语)

  考点2 非谓语动词作定语

  1.Amie Salmon,disabled,is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ________ to guard her.(2017·浙江,14)

  A.to appoint

  B.appointing

  C.appointed

  D.having appointed

  2.There are still many problems ________ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.(2017·北京,28)

  A.solving

  B.solved

  C.being solved

  D.to be solved

  3.There’s a note pinned to the door ________ when the shop will open again.(2017·山东,6)

  A.saying

  B.says

  C.said

  D.having said

  考点归纳

  1.分词作定语,单个分词作定语一般放在所修饰词的前面;分词短语作定语一般放在所修饰词的后面;分词的完成时(having done 或having been done)形式一般不作定语。现在分词短语作定语表示主动或进行;及物动词的过去分词短语作定语表示被动或完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示完成不表示被动。不定式作定语一般放在所修饰的词之后,不定式表示的是将来的动作,主动形式用to do,被动形式用to be done。

  This is a problem discussed.

  =This is a problem which was discussed.

  这是一个已讨论了的问题。

  This is a problem being discussed.

  =This is a problem which is being discussed.

  这是一个正在被讨论的问题。

  This is a problem to be discussed.

  =This is a problem which is to be discussed.

  这是一个将要讨论的问题。

  2.动名词作定语表示用途,如swimming pool相当于a pool for swimming,reading room相当于a room for reading 等。

  考点3 非谓语动词作宾(主)补

  1.Back from his two­year medical service in Africa,Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother________ good care of at home.(2015·陕西,18)

  A.taking

  B.taken

  C.take

  D.be taken

  2.Listening to music at home is one thing,going to hear it ________ live is quite another.(2015·浙江,18)

  A.perform

  B.performing

  C.to perform

  D.being performed

  3.He is thought ________ foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.(2017·江西,34)

  A.to act

  B.to have acted

  C.acting

  D.having acted

  考点归纳

  1.不定式作宾补有两种情况:一是带to,一是不带to。通常情况下使役动词及感官动词后跟不带to的不定式作宾补,但是变成被动语态后宾补变为了主补,这时不带to的不定式要变成带to的不定式。

  It’s hard to persuade Dad to give up smoking.

  说服爸爸戒烟很难。

  She is often heard to sing the song.

  经常听到她唱这首歌。

  2.现在分词作补语有两种情况:一是形容词性质的现在分词作补语表示事物的性质特点;二是具有动作性质的现在分词作补语表示动作正在进行。

  We all think the speech very inspiring.

  我们都认为这个演讲很鼓舞人。

  He was last seen playing in the garden.

  最后一次看到他时,他在花园玩耍。

  3.过去分词作补语表示宾(主)语的性质或状态,与宾(主)语之间为被动关系。

  Get your answers checked before you hand in the papers.

  交试卷前,请检查核对答案。

  Almost no student is seen punished in that school.

  在那所学校几乎看不到学生被惩罚。

  考点4 非谓语动词作宾语

  1.After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress,Anne Benedict went on ________ all the people who had helped in her career.(2015·陕西,17)

  A.to thank

  B.thanking

  C.having thanked

  D.to have thanked

  2.It’s quite hot today.Do you feel like ________ for a swim?(2017·陕西,12)

  A.to go

  B.going

  C.go

  D.having gone

  3.The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore,he can go shopping without ________.(2017·北京,35)

  A.recognizing

  B.being recognized

  C.having recognized

  D.having been recognized

  考点归纳

  作宾语的非谓语动词形式有不定式或动名词。有些动词后面只跟不定式作宾语(如want,hope,decide,promise等);有些动词后面只跟动名词作宾语(如admit,advise,allow,avoid,risk,suggest等);有些动词后面既可以跟不定式也可以跟动名词作宾语,但是意思有所不同(如stop,remember,regret,go on等);在介词(除but,except之外)后面一般用动名词作宾语。

  When it comes to speaking in public,no one can match him.(2017·江西,26)

  当提及在公共场所发言时,没有人能比得上他。

  I remembered to lock the door before I left the office,but forgot to turn off the lights.(2017·安徽,24)

  离开办公室前我记着锁门了,却忘了关灯。

  考点5 非谓语动词作表语

  1.While waiting for the opportunity to get ________,Henry did his best to perform his duty.(2017·安徽,32)

  A.promote

  B.promoted

  C.promoting

  D.to promote

  2.For those with family members far away,the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ________.(2017·福建,30)

  A.connected

  B.connecting

  C.to connect

  D.to be connected

  3.The engine just won’t start.Something seems ________ wrong with it.(2017·重庆,34)

  A.to go B.to have gone

  C.going

  D.having gone

  考点归纳

  1.不定式作表语表示主语的具体内容、目的等。

  My goal is to be a scientist.

  我的目标是当一名科学家。

  What strikes me most is to see him always busy.

  使我感到惊讶的是总看见他很忙碌。

  2.动名词作表语表示笼统的、抽象的概念。

  My favorite sport is skiing.

  我最喜欢的运动是滑雪。

  Seeing is believing.眼见为实。

  3.作表语的现在分词,往往具有形容词的性质,用于说明主语的性质与特征。过去分词作表语和系动词连用,构成系表结构,往往表示主语所处的一种状态,有时候用于get+v.­ed结构中。

  The report is very encouraging.

  这个报告非常鼓舞人心。

  I got confused,even bored.

  我被搞得迷惑了,甚至有点烦了。

  考点6 非谓语动词作主语

  1.________ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.(2017·湖南,23)

  A.Understanding

  B.To be understood

  C.Being understood

  D.Having understood

  2.It’s standard practice for a company like this one ________ a security officer.(2017·山东,9)

  A.employed

  B.being employed

  C.to employ

  D.employs

  3.No matter how bright a talker you are,there are times when it’s better________silent.(2017·浙江,3)

  A.remain

  B.be remaining

  C.having remained

  D.to remain

  考点归纳

  1.动名词作主语往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验。有时候用it作形式主语,常用于It’s useful/nice/useless...等句式中。

  Going to bed early and rising early is a good habit.

  早睡早起是个好习惯。

  It’s no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。

  2.不定式作主语往往表示一个具体的动作、一种愿望、目的或未完成的事,通常用形式主语it代替。

  To stop the work now seems impossible.

  =It seems impossible to stop the work now.

  现在停止这项工作似乎是不可能的。

  To see is to believe.

  百闻不如一见。

  考点7 独立主格结构

  1.Much time ________ sitting at a desk,office workers are generally troubled by health problems.(2015·江苏,24)

  A.being spent

  B.having spent

  C.spent

  D.spending

  2.The lecture ________,a lively question­and­answer session followed.(2017·江苏,29)

  A.being given

  B.having given

  C.to be given

  D.having been given

  3.The party will be held in the garden,weather________.(2017·新课标全国,28)

  A.permitting

  B.to permit

  C.permitted

  D.permit

  4.The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ________ them.(2017·辽宁,25)

  A.to follow

  B.following

  C.followed

  D.follows

  考点归纳

  1.独立主格结构由“普通格名词(或主格代词)+分词、不定式、名词、形容词、副词或介词短语”构成,在句中作状语,通常用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。

  Mary coming back,they discussed it together.

  玛丽回来后,他们一起讨论了那件事。

  Good luck given,I will earn more money than all of you.

  运气好的话,我挣的钱将比你们所有人挣得都多。

  2.介词独立结构

  with sb./sth.+doing/done/to do,其中非谓语动词作宾补,根据宾语和宾补之间的关系确定用现在分词还是过去分词。

  He lay there with his eyes looking at the sky.

  他躺在那里,眼望天空。

  3.there be句型的非谓语形式

  I’ve never dreamed of there being a picture on the wall.

  我从未想到墙上会有幅画。

  I expect there to be many chances for her to get a job.

  我希望她有很多机会找到工作。

  There being ice on the road,I told the driver to slow down.

  路上有冰,我让司机减速慢行。

  There having been no water for two days,the travelers were all very thirsty.

  因为两天没有水了,所有游客都非常渴了。

  考点8 “连词+分词(短语)”结构

  1.Video games can be a poor influence if ________ in the wrong hands.(2015·湖南,24)

  A.to leave

  B.leaving

  C.leave

  D.left

  2.Children,when ________ by their parents,are allowed to enter the stadium.(2017·湖南,21)

  A.to be accompanied

  B.to accompany

  C.accompanying

  D.accompanied

  3.Once________,Jo devoted her life to looking after children and being a full­time homemaker.(2017·上海春招,33)

  A.having married

  B.being married

  C.marrying

  D.married

  考点归纳

  分词短语作状语时,有时前面可用一个连词,表示强调或出于表达需要,常用的连词有:when,while,after,before,if,though,whether...or...,unless,as if等。有时这种结构可看成是状语从句的省略。

  After taking the medicine,she felt better.

  吃过药后,她感觉好些了。

  The man will die unless operated at once.

  除非立刻动手术,不然那人就会死。

  解题方法

  方法1 正确判断非谓语动词

  句子按结构分为三类,即简单句、并列句和复合句。并列句和复合句都需要连词来引导,如果句子中出现了连词,应选谓语动词形式;如果两个结构中未出现连词,则考虑用非谓语动词。

  ________many times,but he still couldn’t understand it.

  A.Having been told

  B.Told

  C.He was told

  D.Though he had been told

  答案 C

  解析 用连词but引导并列句,因此,前面与后句一样也是个独立的句子,故选C项。

  方法2 正确判断非谓语动词和逻辑主语之间的关系

  确定要选非谓语动词之后,第二步要找到其逻辑主语。非谓语动词虽不能作谓语,但仍具有动词的特点,其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫作逻辑主语。非谓语动词作状语时,其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致,找不到其逻辑主语时,整个句子或句子的主语就是非谓语动词的逻辑主语。正确判断非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的关系是正确选择非谓语动词形式的保证,不管是作什么成分的非谓语动词都体现以下特点:

  1.如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系,可用现在分词;

  2.如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系,可用过去分词。

  ________ from the top of the tower,the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.

  A.Seen

  B.Seeing

  C.Having seen

  D.To see

  答案 A

  解析 句意为:从塔顶看,这座山的南边脚下是树的海洋。seen from the top of the tower是一个过去分词短语,在句子中作状语,其逻辑主语是句子的主语the south foot,它们之间是动宾关系,故用过去分词。

  方法3 正确判断非谓语动词和谓语动词发生的时间先后顺序

  非谓语动词具备动词的一些特点,也可以有动作发生的时间,对于谓语动词,我们用时态来表示动作发生的时间;对于非谓语动词不能用时态来表示动作发生的时间。非谓语动词所表示的时间是一个相对时间,即相对于谓语动词的时间而言。同时也需要了解非谓语动词的不同形式所指时间的含义。如to have done,having done表示该动作在谓语动作之前发生;to be doing,doing强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生。

  Dina,________ for months to find a job as a waitress,finally took a position at a local advertising agency.

  A.struggling

  B.struggled

  C.having struggled

  D.to struggle

  答案 C

  解析 句意为:Dina,奋斗了几个月,想找个做女服务员的工作,最后在当地一家广告社谋到了一个职位。因Dina与struggle之间为逻辑上的主谓关系;且struggle发生在took之前,故用现在分词的完成形式作定语。

  1.Early in the morning,an old craftsman was invited to our class,bringing a large suitcase of tools and materials.(2015·北京,书面表达二)

  一大早,一位老艺人带着一大箱工具和材料被邀请到我们的教室。(现在分词作伴随状语)

  2.Being a poor student,the boy couldn’t afford candles for light.(2015·福建)

  因为是一个穷学生,这个小男孩买不起照明用的蜡烛。(现在分词作原因状语)

  3.It takes four to six weeks to finish the report.(2015·广东,基础写作)

  完成这份报告需要四到六周的时间。(不定式作主语)

  4.Thinking that his solution might be wrong,I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way.(2015·湖北)

  考虑到他的解决方法可能不对,我仔细分析了这个问题并尽量用不同的方法去解决。(现在分词作原因状语)

  5.Secondly,I will have enough motivation to make more progress in my study and many other things.(2015·湖南)

  其次,我将有足够的动力在学习以及其他很多方面取得更大的进步。(不定式作定语)

  6.In fact,traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related to public order.(2015·江苏)

  事实上,交通规则是与公共秩序密切相关的规则。(过去分词作定语)

  7.Our class plan to visit the nursing home this Sunday in order to help the elderly there and enrich our after­class life at the same time.(2015·全国Ⅱ)

  我们班本周日计划参观敬老院,其目的是帮助那里的老年人同时丰富我们的课外生活。(不定式作宾语和目的状语)

  8.Sometimes giving up a little can mean getting more.(2015·浙江)

  有时候适当放弃意味着有更多的收获。(动名词作主语和宾语)

  提醒:完成作业 强化练(二)

  强化练(二) 非谓语动词

  (建议用时:12分钟)

  1.—Johnson is said to be the first young teacher ________ to professor in your university this year.

  —Exactly.________ of his own competence is an important factor in his success.(2015·泰州二模,25)

  A.promoted;Convincing

  B.to have been promoted;Convincing

  C.promoted;Convinced

  D.to have been promoted;Being convinced

  2.Flocks of customers joined Alibaba Singles’ Day,Hong Kong,the U.S.and Russia ________ the top three outside.(2015·南京、盐城二模,26)

  A.claimed

  B.to be claimed

  C.claiming

  D.being claimed

  3.Joint development plan of Nanjing­Zhenjiang­Yangzhou ________,the residents of the areas will enjoy a happier life.(2015·扬州一模,30)

  A.was released

  B.being released

  C.released

  D.having released

  4.—Could you please explain the assignment for Monday,Miss Smith?

  —Certainly.Read the next chapter and come to class ________ to discuss what you’ve read.(2015·南京、盐城一模,24)

  A.preparing

  B.prepared

  C.to prepare

  D.to be prepared

  5.Acceptance is not about liking a situation.It is about acknowledging all that has been lost and ________ to live with that loss.(2015·南京三模,24)

  A.learning

  B.learned

  C.to learn

  D.having learned

  6.Who do the passengers on board think it is up to ________ a final decision about such a matter?(2017·南通第二次调研,34)

  A.make

  B.making

  C.to make

  D.to be making

  7.The first time I saw him,what impressed me most were his waistline ________ nearly 3 chi and his obesity ________ 210 jin.(2017·江苏百校联考,33)

  A.measured;weighed

  B.measuring;weighing

  C.measured;weighing

  D.measuring;weighed

  8.One third of the Ukrainian population live in the eastern region near Russia and speak Russian,most of them ________ closer to Russia.(2017·苏锡常镇二模,27)

  A.are feeling

  B.feel

  C.feeling

  D.are felt

  9.Have you seen the boys ________ Little Apple?That’s such a beautiful scene that I dare not have my eyes ________ on it.

  A.dancing;fixing B.dance;fixing

  C.dance;fixed

  D.to dance;fixed

  10.China’s e­commerce giant Alibaba had an amazing year as the Nov.11 shopping carnival set a new record,the Double Twelve shopping day ________ with success.

  A.having followed

  B.following

  C.followed

  D.to follow

  11.All of us have read thrilling stories in which the heroes have only a limited time to live.Such stories set us ________,________ what we should do under similar circumstances.

  A.thinking;wondering B.to think;wondering

  C.thinking;to wonder

  D.to think;to wonder

  12.Carbon dioxide is said ________ the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.

  A.to be heated

  B.to be heating

  C.to have heated

  D.to have been heated

  13.________ by flowers and applause doesn’t necessarily mean one is living a happy life.

  A.Accompanied

  B.Having accompanied

  C.To be accompanied D.Being accompanied

  14.Over 200,000 hotel reservations were made in Hong Kong through Taobao last year,________ it the most popular travel destination among Chinese netizens.

  A.making

  B.to make

  C.having made

  D.made

  15.________ nice,the food was all eaten up soon.

  A.Tasting

  B.Taste

  C.Tasted

  D.To taste

  16.Have you seen the boys ________ “Little Apple”?That’s such a beautiful scene that I dare not have my eye ________ on it.

  A.dancing;fixing B.dance;fixing

  C.to dance;fixed

  D.dance;fixed

  17.Shanghai is the first city in the world ________ a high­speed maglev train,from the city to Pudong Airport.

  A.to build

  B.to be built

  C.to have built

  D.to have been built

  18.________ the deaf children,the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.

  A.Devoted to teach

  B.Devoted herself to teaching

  C.Devoting to teach

  D.Devoting herself to teaching

  19.Fear is one of the many enemies hidden inside us,and if ________ uncontrolled,it can destroy our lives.

  A.leaving

  B.left

  C.having left

  D.to be left

  20.It is considered that there is a ten­month supply of newly­built houses ________ in our city.

  A.to be sold

  B.having sold

  C.selling

  D.sold

  专题二 非谓语动词

  考点1

  1.C [考查非谓语动词作方式状语。句意为:就像古时候的水手一样,鸟能利用太阳和星星找到它们的路。根据语境,use与其句中隐含的逻辑主语birds之间为主动关系,故用v.­ing形式的一般式,在句中作方式状语,相当于by using the sun and the stars的省略。]

  2.A [考查非谓语动词作伴随状语。句意为:那名店员看到一张友善的脸,脸上因歉意的微笑布满了皱纹,这时她愣在了那里,琢磨着是走还是留。句子的主语she与wonder之间是主动关系,且wonder与主句谓语stood是同时发生的,故用现在分词作伴随状语。]

  3.C [考查非谓语动词作原因状语。句意为:由于专心于绘画,约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。此处的Absorbed in painting相当于原因状语从句Because he was absorbed in painting的省略。]

  4.D [考查非谓语动词作时间状语。句意为:工作了两天后,史蒂夫设法准时完成了报告。动词work与句子主语Steve之间为主谓关系,故要用现在分词形式;同时work的动作发生在谓语动词managed to finish之前,故要用完成时。]

  5.C [考查非谓语动词作目的状语。句意为:为了了解更多的中国文化,杰克决定选择中国民族音乐作为选修课。逗号后面没有连词,可以判断此处应填非谓语动词,排除A项;learn与其逻辑主语Jack之间是主动关系,排除B项;此处用动词不定式作目的状语。]

  6.B [考查非谓语动词作条件状语。句意为:使用得当,时间就是银行里的钱。要填的是非谓语形式,而且use和主语time是动宾关系,所以要用过去分词表被动,相当于一个条件状语从句:if it (time) is used correctly。]

  考点2

  1.C [考查过去分词作定语。句意为:Amie Salmon是个残疾人,在校期间由委派来看护她的一位护士全程照顾。分析句子结构可知,此处是a nurse的后置定语;a nurse与appoint之间为被动关系,故要用过去分词(appointed)作定语。]

  2.D [考查不定式作定语。句意为:在我们准备在月球上长住之前,还有很多问题需要解决。由there are可知设空处为非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰problems;根据时间状语从句before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon可知,动作solve发生在将来,故用不定式结构;而且problems与solve之间存在被动关系,故用不定式的被动结构。]

  3.A [考查现在分词作定语。分析句子结构可知句中已经有了谓语动词is,故首先排除B项says。A项saying表示主动;C项said表示被动;D项having said表示动作先于is的动作发生。从逻辑关系上看,note与say之间是主动关系,所以选A项,在此用现在分词结构作后置定语。]

  考点3

  1.B [考查非谓语动词作宾补。句意为:李博士在非洲进行了两年的医疗服务,回来后看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很好他很高兴。此处是“see+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾语补足语可以是do,doing或者done。若宾语与补语之间是主动关系,且强调动作发生的全过程,用省略to的动词不定式,即do;若宾语与补语之间是主动关系,且强调动作正在进行,用doing;若宾语与补语之间是被动关系,用过去分词作宾补。此处his mother与take good care of之间是被动关系,故选B项。]

  2.D [考查非谓语动词作宾补。句意为:在家听音乐是一回事,去现场听正在被演奏的音乐完全是另外一回事。题干中含有“hear+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾语it(指代music)与perform之间存在被动关系,且此处表示去现场听正在被演奏的音乐,故应用being performed作宾语补足语。]

  3.B [考查非谓语动词作主补。sb.be thought to...某人被认为……,是固定句式。句意为:他被认为是举止愚蠢的,现在失去这份工作他只能责怪自己,不能怨别人。根据句意可知,他表现很糟糕是在丢掉工作之前,所以用不定式的完成式。故B项正确。]

  考点4

  1.A [考查不定式作宾语。句意为:在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角奖之后,安妮·本尼迪克特继续感谢所有曾经在她的事业中帮助她的人。go on to do sth.继续做另一件事;go on doing sth.继续做同一件事。拿奖后又继续做另一件事,即“感谢所有帮助过她的人”,所以选A。]

  2.B [考查动名词作宾语。句意为:今天很热。你想去游泳吗?feel like想要,后面接名词、代词或动名词。feel like doing sth.表示“想要做某事”。D项having gone表示动作已完成,不符合语境。]

  3.B [考查动名词的被动式作宾语。句意为:那位影星戴着墨镜,因此他可以在没人认出的情况下购物了。without为介词,后面接动名词形式;the film star与recognize之间存在被动关系,故用动名词的被动式,即“being done”结构。]

  考点5

  1.B [考查现在分词作表语。句意为:当等待机会升职的时候,Henry尽最大努力履行职责。这里使用了get done结构,表示被动关系。]

  2.A [考查形容词作表语。句意为:对那些与家人离得比较远的人来说,个人电脑和电话在保持联系方面很重要。本句中的关键词是stay(保持),它是一个连系动词,后接形容词作表语。connected可作形容词,意为“有联系的,有来往的”,符合句意。]

  3.B [考查不定式作表语。动词seem后只能接不定式,不接doing,故排除C、D两项;又go wrong动作发生在谓语动词之前,故用不定式的完成式。]

  考点6

  1.A [考查非谓语动词。________ your own needs and styles of communication作题干的主语,应用动名词形式;因为“了解”的动作由自己发出,用主动动作;且是陈述一个客观事实,用动名词的一般式,故选A。]

  2.C [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的“________ a security officer”;再根据句型“It is+n.+for sb.to do sth.”,故选to employ。]

  3.D [句意为:不论一个健谈者多么聪明,有些时候最好还是保持沉默。复合句中when引导的从句的主语为形式主语it,此时真正的主语可以为主语从句或不定式。 ]

  考点7

  1.C [考查独立主格结构。句意为:由于大部分时间坐在办公桌前,办公室职员通常被健康问题所困扰。由于句中没有连词,故前半句要用独立主格结构;time与spend之间构成被动关系,故用过去分词形式。]

  2.D [考查独立主格结构。句意为:演讲结束后,紧跟着是一个生动的互动环节。由于句中没有连词,故前半句要用独立主格结构;the lecture与give之间为被动关系,且动作发生在动词follow之前,故选D项。]

  3.A [考查独立主格结构。句意为:如果天气允许的话,聚会将在花园里举行。weather permitting是独立主格结构,相当于if引导的条件状语从句,即if weather permits。]

  4.B [考查with结构。with后跟名词或者代词作宾语,后面的动词要用非谓语形式,这样可以排除D项。follow的动作是dog发出的,因此是主动关系,排除C项;动词不定式表达将来的动作,而此处表达的是伴随发生的动作,因此排除A项。故选B项。句意为:晚饭后这对老夫妻经常在公园里散步,他们的宠物狗跟在他们后面。]

  考点8

  1.D [考查非谓语动词。句意为:如果落在不合适的人的手中,电子游戏就会有一个很坏的影响。leave的逻辑主语是video games,它们之间是动宾关系,故用过去分词。if left...是“连词+过去分词”构成的状语从句的省略。]

  2.D [考查非谓语动词。句意为:孩子们在父母的陪同下才被允许进入该体育馆。因为children和accompany之间是被动关系,所以应该使用过去分词accompanied。此处是状语从句的省略。当主从句的主语一致,且从句谓语中含有be动词时,可将从句中的主语和be动词一起省略,本题中的从句还原后是when they are accompanied by their parents。]

  3.D [考查非谓语动词。句意为:一旦结婚了,乔会全身心地照看孩子,当家庭主妇。从句是省略句,完整句为once she was married。]

  二轮专题强化练答案精析

  强化练(二) 非谓语动词

  1.D [句意为:——据说约翰逊是今年你们大学第一个被晋升为教授的青年教师。——确实。相信他自己的能力是他成功的重要因素。由于young teacher前有the first修饰,故其后用动词不定式作定语;约翰逊已经被提拔,应用to have ben promoted结构;另外,根据convince的用法,构成be convinced of...,此处作主语,故用动名词的被动结构,选D项。]

  2.C [句意为:成群的顾客加入了阿里巴巴的光棍节,香港、美国和俄罗斯成为大陆以外的前三甲。根据句子结构可知,本句后半部分应该是独立主格结构,Hong Kong,the U.S.and Russia为claim的逻辑主语,与claim之间存在主动关系,应用现在分词,故选C项。]

  3.C [句意为:南京、镇江、扬州联合发展计划已经公布,这些区域的居民将享受更加幸福的生活。根据句子结构,逗号前应为独立主格结构;另外plan是被公布,而且是已经被公布,应用过去分词,故选C项。]

  4.B [句意为:——史密斯小姐,请说明一下周一的任务好吗?——当然可以。阅读下一章,来上课的时候准备好讨论你所读的内容。根据句子结构可知设空处应为状语,表示状态。句子的逻辑主语与prepare之间存在被动关系,用prepared表示被动和完成,说明到学校的时候已经准备好了,而不是正在准备或将要准备,故选B项。]

  5.A [句意为:接受不是说喜欢某种情况,而是承认你所失去的并学会在有损失的情况下继续生活下去。根据句子结构和句意可知and连接两个并列成分,acknowledging...和learning to...都作介词about的宾语,都用动名词形式,故选A项。]

  6.C [句意为:船上的乘客认为该由谁来就这样的事情做出最后的决定呢?特殊疑问词who是up to的宾语。It is up to sb.to do sth.结构中it为形式主语,to do sth.为真正的主语,故选C项。]

  7.B [句意为:我第一次见到他的时候,给我印象最深刻的是他那将近三尺的腰围和210斤的体重。第一空用measuring nearly 3 chi作定语,修饰waistline,waistline与measure之间存在主动关系;第二空用weighing 210 jin作定语,修饰his obesity,同样his obesity与weigh之间也存在主动关系,两空都用现在分词作定语,故选B项。]

  8.C [句意为:三分之一的乌克兰人居住在靠近俄罗斯的东部地区,说的语言是俄语,他们中的大多数人感觉跟俄罗斯更亲近。根据句子结构,逗号后面的内容不应该构成句子,应用现在分词构成独立主格结构,故选C项。]

  9.C [考查非谓语动词作补语。句意为:你见过那些男生跳《小苹果》吗?画面太美不忍直视。see sb.do sth.表示“见过某人做某事”;第二个空构成短语fix one’s eyes on sth.,eyes和fix之间构成逻辑上的被动关系,因此用过去分词作补语,故选C。]

  10.B [考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意为:中国的电子商务巨头阿里巴巴度过了令人惊奇的一年,因为双十一购物嘉年华刷新了纪录,紧接着的双十二购物节又取得成功。因为follow和逻辑主语the Double Twelve shopping day之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词。]

  11.A [句意为:我们每个人都读过惊险故事,在故事里英雄只有非常有限的时间可活。这些故事让我们思考,琢磨在相似的情况下我们该怎么做。第一空set sb.doing sth.使某人做某事,为固定结构,现在分词作宾语补足语;第二空wondering为现在分词作伴随状语,wondering与thinking同时发生。故选A项。]

  12.B [句意为:据说二氧化碳使地球变暖的速度是先前人们担心的两倍。二氧化碳使地球变暖carbon dioxide heats the earth为主动结构,排除A、D两项;另外根据句意,二氧化碳正在使得地球变暖,应用动词不定式的现在分词形式,故选B项。]

  13.D [句意为:有鲜花和掌声相伴并不一定意味着一个人正过着幸福的生活。根据句子结构可知,doesn’t之前应是句子的主语,排除A项,过去分词不能作主语;根据语态,人应该是被鲜花和掌声陪伴,排除B项;动词不定式经常表示将来要发生的动作或者是一次性的动作,不符合此处语境,排除C项,故选D项,用动名词的被动形式作主语。]

  14.A [句意为:去年超过20万人通过淘宝在香港预订宾馆,使得香港成为最受中国网民欢迎的旅游目的地。“使得香港成为最受欢迎的旅游目的地”是“超过20万人预订房间”的结果,这里存在主动关系,应用现在分词making作结果状语。]

  15.A [考查非谓语动词。句意为:由于尝起来美味,这种食物很快就被一扫而空。taste品尝,是连系动词,无被动语态,此处用其现在分词tasting作原因状语,故选A。]

  16.D [考查非谓语动词。see sb.do sth.表示“看到某人做了某事”;have one’s eyes fixed on sth.表示“两眼盯着……看,全神贯注于”。]

  17.C [考查非谓语动词。Shanghai与build是主谓关系,因此要用主动形式,可排除B、D两项;再根据题意,磁悬浮列车已建成,因此应用不定式的完成时。]

  18.D [考查非谓语动词。句意为:献身于教育聋哑儿童,这位年轻女士很少有时间照顾自己的女儿。devote oneself to doing sth.=be devoted to doing sth.,故选D。]

  19.B [考查非谓语动词。句意为:恐惧是藏在我们内心的众多敌人之一,如果控制不好,会破坏我们的生活。leave使……处于某种状态;与fear之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故选B项,表示被动。]

  20.A [考查非谓语动词。句意为:据认为,在我们市有可供十个月销售的新建的房子。根据句意可知是表示将要出售的,又由houses与sell存在动宾关系,故用不定式的被动式作定语。]

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