【2016考纲解读】
交际用语的考查点相对集中。主要考查社会交往中的一些日常交际用语。考查的方式以应答为主,提问为辅; 以跨文化交际中差异明显的交际项目为重点考查对象。其考点主要包括:
1.考查习惯应答语。许多情景对话中使用的是英美人的习惯用语。问候、告别、打电话、问路、看病、购物等常见的交际话题均有其较为固定的套语; 感谢、道歉、祝愿、请求亦有其固定的应答用语。考生必须用英美人的思维方式,遵循他们的习惯进行回答。交际用语常见的回答用语主要有以下几个方面:
(1)常用于接受或拒绝请求、邀请的应答用语有:With pleasure./Yes, help yourself./No problem./Good idea./Sorry, but…/I‘d rather you…/Thank you, but…/No way./Forget it.等。
(2)常用于感谢的应答用语有:That‘s all right./You are welcome./Don’t mention it./It is my pleasure (My pleasure)./Not at all.等。
(3)常用于道歉的应答用语有:Never mind./It doesn‘t matter./Not at all./That’s all right./That is nothing.等。
(4)常用于祝愿和祝贺的应答用语有:Good luck!/Best wishes to you!/Have a nice time!/Congratulations!/Merry Christmas!/Thank you!/The same to you!等。
2.考查文化差异语。汉语和英语在交际文化方面有许多共同之处,但也存在诸多差异。这些差异往往是考查的重中之重。避免母语交际定式的干扰,根据英语的文化交际习惯来应答是掌握文化差异的关键。
3.考查语言结构语。根据不同的交际情景,说话者会采用不同的交际用语来表达自己的态度和情感。当说话人对刚刚提出的说法或意见持肯定态度时,可以说:Yes,I think(suppose,believe)so./Yes,I‘m afraid so.
对刚刚提出的说法或意见持否定态度时,则说:
No,I don't think (suppose) so./No,I don't believe so./ No,I believe (suppose) not./No,I hope not./
No,I am afraid not.
【重点知识梳理】
情景交际用语指在特定的语境中运用的语言。情景交际用语范围广泛,形式多样,灵活多变,这些情景交际语言的结构无不体现着英语国家的文化、风俗和习惯。
情景交际用语的功能主要包括四十一个项目。
1.问候(Greetings)
①Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.
②Hello/ Hi.
③How are you? Fine, thank you, and you?
④Best wishes/ regards to sb.
⑤Please give/ send my regards/ best wishes/ love to sb.
⑥Say hello to sb.
⑦Please remember me to sb.
2.介绍(Introductions)
①This is Mr./ Mrs./ Miss/ Ms./ Comrade.../ May I introduce you to...?/ I'd like you to meet...
②My name is.../ I'm a student/ teacher, etc.
③I'm Chinese.
3.告别(Farewells)
①I'm afraid I must be leaving now./ I think it's time for us to leave now.
②Good bye!/ Bye bye!/ Bye!/ See you later/ tomorrow./ See you./ Good night.
4.感谢和应答(Thanks and responses)
①Thank you(very much)./ Thanks a lot./ Many thanks./ Thanks for.../ It's very kind of you to...
②Not at all./ It's/ That's all right./ You are welcome.
5.祝愿、祝贺和应答(Good wishes, congratulations & responses)
①Good luck!/ Best wishes to you!/ I wish you good luck/ success!/ Good journey (to you)!/ Have a good trip./ Have a nice/ good/ wonderful time./ Congratulations./ I'd like to congratulate you on.../ Happy New Year!/ Merry Christmas!/ Happy birthday to you!
②Thank you./ The same to you.
6.道歉、遗憾和应答(Apologies, regrets, sympathies & responses)
①Sorry./ Pardon./ I'm sorry./ I'm sorry for/ about.../ I'm sorry to hear.../ I'm sorry to have+v.-ed/ that...
②Excuse me(for...)/ I'm afraid of.../ I'm afraid I was very rude./ I didn't mean to be so rude./ What a pity./ Shame!/ It's a pity that...
③That's all right./ It doesn't matter./ That's nothing./ That's OK./ Never mind./ Don't worry about that.
7.邀请和应答(Invitations and responses)
①Will you come to...?/ Would you like to...?/ I'd like to invite you to...
②Yes, I'd love to(...)./ Yes, it's very kind/ nice of you.
③I'd love to, but...
8.提供(帮助等)和应答(Offers and responses)
①Can/ Could/ Shall I help you?/ Would you like me to...?/ Is there anything(else) I can do for you?/ Do you want me to...?/ What can I do for you?/ Let me do/ carry/ help...(for you)./ Would you like some...?
②Thanks./ That would be nice/ fine./ That's very kind/ nice of you./ Thank you for your help./ Yes, please./ Here, take this/ my...
③No, thanks./ Thank you./ I can manage it myself./ Thank you all the same./ That's very kind of you, but...
9.约会(Making appointments)
①Are you/ Will you be free this afternoon/ tomorrow?/ How about tomorrow morning/ afternoon/ evening?/ Shall we meet at 4:30 at...?
②Yes, that's all right./ Yes, I'll be free then.
③No, I won't be free then. But I'll be free...
④All right. See you then.
10.意愿和希望(Intentions and wishes)
①I'm going to.../ I intend/ mean/ plan to.../ I will.../ I'd like to.../ I feel like v.-ing.../ I (do not) want/ hope to.../ I'm ready to.../ I'd prefer to do.../ I would rather not tell you.
②I want/ hope/ wish to.../ I wish that.../ I would like to...
③How about...
11.请求、允许和应答(Asking for permission and responses)
①May I...?/ Can/ Could I...?/ I wonder if I can/ could.../ Do/ Would you mind if I do/ did...?
②Yes/ Sure/ Certainly./ Yes, (do) please.或Sure, go ahead./ Of course./ Go ahead, please./ That's OK/ all right./ Not at all./ Of course not./ Certainly not.
③I'm sorry you can't./ I'm sorry, but.../ You'd better not.
12.同意和不同意(Agreement and disagreement)
①Certainly./ Sure./ Of course./ Yes, please./ No problem./ That's true./ Yes, I think so./ OK./ All right./ That's a good idea.../ It's a good idea.../ We agree(with you)./ I agree to.../ that-clause
②No. I don't think so./ I'm afraid not./ I'm afraid I (really) can't agree with you.
13.喜好和厌恶(Likes and dislikes)
①I like/love...(very much)./ I like/ love to...
②I don't like(to).../ I hate(to)...
14.决定和坚持(Determination, decision and insistence)
①I will.../ I have decided to/ that.../ I have decided wh-疑问词引导的从句/wh-疑问代词或副词to...
②I insist on/that...
15.判断和意见(Judgement and opinion)
①It certainly is./ It's correct to do.../ Well done!/ Good work!
②In my opinion.../ It seems.../ So/ As far as I know...
16.职责(Obligations)
You must/ have to/ should/ ought to.../ It is necessary to/ that...
17.能力(Ability)
I can.../ He is able to...
18.偏爱(Preference)
I prefer...to.../ He'd prefer them not to.../ He'd rather begin at once.
19.责备和抱怨(Blame and complaint)
①She is to blame./ He blamed her for.../ She shouldn't have done it.
②I'm sorry to have said that, but.../ Why can't you do something about it?
20.肯定和不肯定(Certainty and uncertainty)
①I'm sure (of that)./ I'm sure (that)...
②I'm not sure (of that)./ I'm not sure whether/ if.../ I doubt if...
21.禁止和警告(Prohibition and warnings)
①You can't/ mustn't.../ If you..., you will.../ You'd better not do it./ Don't smoke!/ Don't be late!
②Look out!/ Take care!/ Be careful!
22.可能和不可能(Possibility and impossibility)
①He can/ may.../ It is possible that...
②He may not.../ He is not likely to.../ He is not likely that...
23.预见、猜测和相信(Prediction, conjecture and belief)
①He will...
②I guess that.../ He must have done.../ It seems (that).../ It seems as if.../ It looks as if...
③I believe that he is right.
24.请求(Requests)
①Can/ Will/ Could/ Would you...for me?/ Will/ Can/ Could/ Would you please...?/ May I have...?
②Please give/ pass me.../ Please wait(here/a moment)./ Please wait(for) your turn./ Please stand in line/ line up./ Please hurry./ Make sure that...please.
③Don't rush/ hurry/ crowd./ No noise, please./ No smoking, please.
25.劝告和建议(Advice and suggestions)
①You'd better (not).../ You should/ought to.../ You need(to)...
②Shall we...?/ Let's.../ What/ How about...?/ Why not...?/ Why don't you do...?
26.许诺(Promises)
I promise.../ You shall have...tomorrow./ I will give...to you.
27.提醒(Reminding)
Don't forget to.../ Don't you remember the days when...?/ Make sure that everything is OK now.
28.表示焦虑(Expressing anxiety)
What's wrong?/ What's the matter(with you)?/ Is there anything the matter?
I'm/ He's/ She's worried./ Oh, what shall I/ we do?/ We were all anxious about...
29.表示惊奇(Expressing surprise)
Really?/ Oh dear/ Is that so?/ Good heavens!
30.表示喜悦(Expressing pleasure)
I'm glad/ pleased/ happy to.../ That's nice/ wonderful/ great./ Hopefully tomorrow will turn fine.
31.谈论天气(Talking about the weather)
What's the weather like today?/ What's the weather going to be like at the weekend?/ How's the weather in...?/ It's fine/ cloudy/ windy/ rainy.../ It's getting cold/ warm.../ It's rather warm/ cold/ hot...today, isn't it?/ It's going to be dry and sunny for the next two days./ It's a beautiful day today.
32.购物(Shopping)
①What can I do for you?/ Can/ May I help you?/ Is there anything I can do for you?
②I want/ I'd like.../ How much is it?/ That's too expensive, I'm afraid./ That's fine. I'll take it./ Let me have...
③How much/ many do you want?/ What colour/ size/ kind do you want?
④Do you have any other kind/ size/ colour, etc.?
33.问路和应答(Asking the way and responses)
①Excuse me. Where's the men's/ ladies' room?/ Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to...?/ How can I get to...? I don't know the way.
②Go down this street./ Turn right/ left at the first/ second crossing./ It's about... metres from here./ Go straight ahead till you see...
34.问时间、日期和应答(Asking the time, date and responses)
①What day is (it) today?/ What's the date today?/ Excuse me. What time is it by your watch?/ What's the time, please?
②It's Monday/ Tuesday.../ It's January/ February.../ It's six o'clock/ six thirty/ half past six/ a quarter past/ to six./ It's time for/ to...
35.就餐(Taking meals)
①What would you like (to have)?/ Would you like something (to eat/ drink)?
②I'd like.../ Two eggs..., please.
③Would you like some more...?/ Help yourself to some...
④Thank you. I've had enough./ I'm full, thank you./ Just a little, please.
36.打电话(Making phone calls)
①Hello! Is (Tom) in?/ May/ Could I speak to...?/ Is that...(speaking)?
②Hold on, please./ Hello, who is it?/ He/ She isn't here right now./ Can I take a message for you?
③Hello, this is...speaking./ I called to tell/ ask you...
37.传递信息(Passing on a message)
①Will you please give this note/ message to...?
②...asked me to give you this note.
③Thanks for the message.
38.看病(Seeing the doctor)
①There's something wrong with.../ I've got a headache and a cough./ I feel terrible/ bad./ I don't feel well./ This place hurts.
②Take this medicine three times a day./ Drink plenty of water and have a good rest./ It's nothing serious./ You'll be all right/ well soon.
39.求救(Calling for help)
①Help!/ Thief!
②What's the matter?
40.语言困难(Language difficulties)
Pardon?/ Would you please say that again/ more slowly?/ What do you mean by...?/ I'm sorry I can't follow you./ I'm sorry I know only a little English.
41.常见的标志和说明(Some common signs and instructions)
①BUSINESS HOURS/ MENU/ OFFICE HOURS/ NO SMOKING/ OPEN/ NO PARKING/ CLOSED/ NO PHOTOS
②PULL/ PUSH/ ENTRANCE/ EXIT
③INSTRUCTIONS/ MADE IN CHINA/ THIS SIDE UPON/ DANGER OFF
④PLAY/ STOP/ PAUSE
⑤INSERT HERE
【高频考点突破】
考点一、考查情景交际
1. (2017重庆卷 )15.—Jack,I’d like to have your opinions about my written report.
—
. But I have one suggestion.
A. That’s a good idea B. You are too modest
C. It looks fine to me D. You should check it first
【答案】C
【解析】A那是一个好主意。B你太谦虚了;C对我来说,看起来很不错;D你一个先检查一下。句意:—Jack,我想问问你对我写的这份报告怎么看?—对我来说看起来还不错。但是我有一个建议。本题的关键词是but…;后面说我有一个建议,but说明可以前后是转折关系,可知前面认为这个报告还不错。故C正确。
(2017·全国,21)—Why, this is nothing but common vegetable soup!
—________ madam. It's our soup of the day.
A.Let me see
B.So it is
C.Don't mention it
D.Neither do I
答案:B。句意:——这只是普通的蔬菜汤!——夫人,这确实是普通的汤。这就是我们今天的汤。A项:让我看看;B项:确实是;C项:这不要紧。D项:我也不。根据句意,B项正确。
(2017·全国,1)—I'm sorry I made a mistake!
—________. Nobody is perfect.
A.Take your time B.You're right
C.Whatever you say D.Take it easy
答案:D。句意:——对不起,我犯错了。——不要紧张,没有十全十美的。Take your time. 慢慢来。You are right.你是正确的。Whatever you say.不管你说什么.Take it easy. 不紧张;根据句意D项正确。
(2017·全国,15)—Are you sure you won't come for a drink with us?
—________, if you insist.
A.Not at all
B.It depends
C.All right then
D.I don't care
答案:C。句意:你确定你不能和我们一起喝一杯吗?如果你坚持的话,也可以。A项:一点也不;B项:看情况而定;C项:那也可以;D项:我不管。根据句意,C项正确。
考查情景对话
.(2017陕西卷)16. — You know, I met my girlfriend’s parents for the first time only yesterday.
— ________? I thought you’d met them before.
A. So what
B. Pardon
C. Really
D. What for
【考点】考察交际用语
【答案】C
【解析】句义:—你知道的,我昨天第一次见女朋友的父母亲。—真的吗?我还以为你以前见过他们的。根据句义可知really表示惊讶或者怀疑等难以置信的语气。A哪有怎么样?B请再说一次;D为了什么?根据句义说明C正确。
(2017·江苏,22)—The Tshirt I received is not the same as is shown online.
—________? But I promise you we'll look into it right away.
A.Who says
B.How come
C.What for
D.Why worry
答案:B。“我收到的T恤衫跟网上展示的不一样。”“________?但我向你保证我们马上调查此事。”由but看出语气的转折,所以对所提出的事应表示吃惊与怀疑,用How come怎么能,怎么会?而What for为什么,干什么?Who says谁说的,很显然是对方说的,所以错误。故答案B。
(2017·江苏,35)—Thank you for the flowers.
—________. I thought they might cheer you up.
A.That's right
B.All right
C.I'm all right
D.It's all right
答案:D。“谢谢你的花”“不用谢,我认为它们会让你高兴起来”。用It's all right不用谢,别客气。故选D项。
(2017·辽宁,21)—What do you think of the house?
—________ It's everything we've been looking for.
A.Perfect!
B.Good idea!
C.Not bad.
D.SoSo.
答案:A 考查情景对话。句意:——你认为这所房子怎么样?——很完美!正是我们一直寻找的房子。由答语的第二句话可知,A项为正确答案。C项意为:不错;不如A项合适;B项意为:好主意;D项意为:平平常常。都不符合句意。
考查交际用语
.(2017重庆卷 )---
Why not stay here a little longer?
---______ ,but I ready have to go.
Never mind
B. I’d love to
C. Please to meet you
D.I can’t find any reason
【考点】考察交际用语
【答案】B
【解析】本题考察的是交际用语。A没关系(用来回答对方的道歉);B我很高兴要做某事…(后面常常和but连用,表示委婉地拒绝);C遇见你很高兴;D我找不到任何理由。句意:—为什么不在这里多待一会?—我想多待一会,的是我真得必须得走了。本句的关键词是but,说明本句表示的是委婉地拒绝对方。同时在to后面省略了stay here a little longer。故B正确。
(2017·浙江,1)—Hey, can I ask you a favor?
—Sure,________
A.here you are.
B.just as I thought.
C.how is it going?
D.what can I do for you?
答案:D。句意:——嗨,能请你帮帮忙吗?——当然可以。________。A项here you are给你;B项just as I thought我也是这么想的;C项how is it going?情况怎么样?D项what can I do for you?我能为你做点什么?由Sure可知,回答者已经同意帮助对方,所以正确答案为D。
(2017·浙江,20)—Excuse me, but could I trouble you for some change?
—________. Will pennies do?
A.I know
B.Never mind
C.I am sure
D.Let me see
答案:D。句意:——请问,可以麻烦你换点零钱吗?——________.便士可不可以?A项“我知道”,B项“不要紧,没关系”;C项“我保证”;D项“我看一下”。由后置语境Will pennies do?可知D正确。
(2017·福建,33)—Would you mind answering some questions on shopping habits?
—________.
A.Yes, with great pleasure
B.No, I am afraid I can't make it
C.Yes, it is worth the time
D.No, as long as it doesn't take long
答案:D 句意:——你介意我问几个与购物习惯有关的问题吗?——不介意,只要不耽搁很长时间。A、B、C三项答语均与问句矛盾。
【经典考题精析】
1.(2017安徽卷)21.—Reading is the best way to pass time on the train.
—
, I never go traveling without a book.
A.You are joking
B.That's true
C.I don't think so
D.It sounds like fun
(2017安徽卷)35.— I get at least half an hour of exercise almost every day.
— Oh great!
.
A. Good luck
B. Cheer up
C. Same to you
D. Keep it up
(2017大纲卷)21. --- I’m sorry for breaking the cup.
--- Oh, ____ --I’ve got plenty.
A. forget it
B. my pleasure
C. help yourself
D. pardon me
(2017福建卷)35. —I can't remember those grammar rules!
—__________. Practice more.
A. You're not alone
B. It's hard to say
C. I'm afraid not
D. It's up to you
(2017江西卷)21.----Could I use this dictionary ?
----_____.It’s a spare one .
A. Good idea
B. Just go ahead
C. You’re welcome D. You’d better not
(2017山东卷)3. —This apple pie is too sweet, don’t you think so?
—_____. I think it’s just right, actually.
A. Not really
B. I hope so
C. Sounds good
D .No wonder
(2017山东卷)8. —Is Anne coming tomorrow?
—_____.If she were to come, she would have called me.
A. Go ahead
B. Certainly
C. That’s right
D. I don’t think so
(2017陕西卷)11. — I got that job I wanted at the public library.
— ___________! That’s good news.
A. Go ahead
B. Cheers
C. Congratulations
D. Come on
(2017四川卷)10. — How about dinner tonight? It's on me.
— ______ .
A. You are welcome
B. Oh, I'd like to
C. Well, I'm afraid so
D. That's all right
(2017天津卷)2.---Ok, I’ll fix your computer right now. ---Oh, take your time. __________.
I can’t stand it
B. I’m in no hurry
C. That’s a great idea
D. It’s not my cup of tea
(2017天津卷)10. ---How long have you been learning English?——About four months. ----_________! Your English is so good.
A. You can’t be serious
B. You got it
C. I couldn’t agree more
D. I’m stuck
(2017浙江卷 )1. —I am going to Spain fort a holiday soon.
— ______.
A. It’s my pleasure
B. Never mind
C. Leave it alone
D. Good for you
(2017浙江卷 )20. —I’d like a wake-up call at 7:00 a.m., please!
—OK, _______.
A. help yourself
B. You will certainly make it
C. just do what you like
D. I’ll make sure you get one
(2017·新课标I卷)21.—Why, this is nothing but common vegetable soup!
—_________ , madam. It's our soup of the day!
A. Let me see
B. So it is
C. Don't mention it
D. Neither do I
(2017·新课标Ⅱ卷)15. -Are you sure you won't come for a drink with us?
-
, if you insist.
Not at all
B. It depends
C. All right then
D.I don't care
(2017·新课标Ⅱ卷)1.--I'm sorry I made a mistake!
--
Nobody is perfect.
Take your time
B. You're right
C.Whatever you say
D. Take it easy
(2017·浙江)1.——Hey, can I ask you a favor?
――_______
A.Here you are
B. just as I thought
C. how is it going?
D. what can I do for you?
(2017·大纲卷)35. -Are you sure you won't come for a drink with us?
-
,if you insist
Not at all
B. It depends
C. All right then
D.I don't care
(2017·大纲卷)21.--I'm sorry I made a mistake!
--
No body is perfect.
Take your time B. You're right
C.Whatever you say
D. Take it easy
(2017·福建卷)33. —Would you mind answering some questions on shopping habits?
— ________.
A. Yes, with great pleasure B. No, I am afraid I can't make it
C. Yes, it is worth the time D. No, as long as it doesn't take long
(2017·江苏卷)35. —Thank you for the flowers.
—______. I thought they might cheer you up.
A. That’s right B. All right C. I’m all right D. It’s all right
(2017·江西卷)21. ---- Thanks a lot for your book. I found it very interesting.
---- _______. I’m glad you enjoyed it.
A. All the best
B. It is nothing
C. No thanks
D. Very well.
(2017·山东卷)32. — This is a really lively party. There’s a great atmosphere, isn’t there?
— ________ The hosts know how to host a party.
A. Don't worry
B. Yes, indeed
C. No, there’s isn’t
D. It all depends
(2017·山东卷)23.—How far can you run without stopping?
— ________. I’ve never tried.
A. Don’t mention it
B. That’s all right
C. I have no idea
D. Go ahead
(2017·四川)1. --I feel so nervous about the National English Speech Competition tomorrow.
--________.
A. I really envy you
B. Glad to hear that
C. Sounds great
D. Take it easy
(2017·天津卷)4. ----Mary’s been offered a job in a university, but she doesn’t want to take it.----______? It’s a very good chance.
A. Guess what
B. So what
C. Who cares
D. But why
(2017·天津卷)1. ----I’m going to Venice next week.
----______. Carnival will be held then. Have fun!
A. You’re crazy
B. You’re lucky
C. You’d better not
D. You never know
(2017·辽宁卷)35.---I’m afraid you have the wrong number.
---Sorry.______.
A.See you later
B. I didn’t know that
C. Hold on please
D.I hope I didn’t bother you.
(2017·辽宁卷)21.---What do you think of the house?
---_____.It is everything we have been looking for.
A.Perfect
B.Good idea
C.Not bad
D.So-so
(2017·重庆卷)35. — Forgotten something? I can keep an eye on your kids if you want to go and get it.
—______
A. It’s very kind of you. B. Oh. how careless of me!
C. I might as well go and got it. D. Well, I can do without it.
(2017·重庆卷)22. — Would you like a glass of wine?
—______. I don’t drink.
A. No, thanks B. Yes, please
C. I don’t like it D. It’s my favorite
(2017·安徽卷)35, ----How did your interview with the manager go?
----
He seemed interested in my experience, but he didn’t ask for references.
A. Perfect!
B. I’m not sure.
C. That’s right.
D. Couldn’t be better.
(2017·安徽卷)25. ----This is your order, a hamburger and an apple pie
?
A. Anything else
B. Is that OK
C. For here or to go
D. Something to drink
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