2017届高考英语一轮基础知识复习：Unit 2 Working the land（新人教版必修4）

　　Unit 2 Working the land

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　(2015·江西省上饶市三模)

　　Cotton farmers in some Indian villages are busily buying Coca­Cola and Pepsi, believing that the sugar in the fizzy(有 泡 沫 的 ) drinks kills pests.

　　Farmers say scientists advised them to mix pesticides with a sugary juice to control pests, and they found the mixture cheaper and more effective than pure chemicals—although soft drink makers and scientists dismissed the remarks. N. Hamunayya, who has become a famous person in his village in the southeastern state of Andhra Pradesh, said his crop survived an attack of pests which had resisted other pesticides. “We found that all the colas had uniform effect on pests. The pests became dead and fell to the ground, ”he said. He said the drinks had all the elements they needed: they were cheaper, sticky, fizzy, and attracted ants, which ate the young of the pests. But Thinupathi Reddy, assistant director of the Regional Agri­Research Station, Guntur, says tests had proved such results wrong. “We conducted some field trials on cotton crop at our research station. There was no obvious productivity or destruction of pests, ”he says.

　　Statements from Pepsi and Coca­Cola said there was “ no scientific basis” for this_practice. But their dealers are enjoying increasing sales. Mantan Wall, who sells soft drinks in 17 villages in the region, said sales rose up, thanks to the farmers. “ For the 10 days between August and September I had successful business. Instead of just 30 cases( each containing a dozen one­litre bottles) of cola, I started selling almost 200 cases, ”he said. “ We expected the sales to drop after the news over pesticide residues(残 留 ) in the cola drinks. Now I have to keep extra supply for the cotton farmers, ”he said.

　　In February, an Indian environment group made a report saying drinks made by Coca­Cola and Pepsi contained pesticides and called for tougher safety standards. The U. S firms strongly rejected the findings of the New Delhi­based Centre for Science and Environment and said their products were safe.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇资讯报道。文章主要讲述了一件有趣的事，印度农民认为有泡沫的饮料具有杀虫作用，也就是百事可乐和可口可乐里面含有杀虫剂，但两家公司对此予以否认。

　　1．The writer's purpose of writing this passage is to ________.

　　A．tell an interesting incident

　　B．warn people that some drinks might be dangerous to health

　　C．suggest using Coca­Cola to kill pests

　　D．announce a new discovery of Coca­Cola

　　答案：A　推理判断题。通读全文，并根据作者写这段短文的语气推断作者在讲述一件有趣的小事，可乐中竟然有杀虫剂。故选A。

　　2．The drink makers would not accept the fact that their drinks could kill pests because ________.

　　A．they thought it went against science

　　B．they believed that the farmers didn't tell the truth

　　C．they might fear that it could bring harm to their business

　　D．they insisted that no poison was left in their products

　　答案：C　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的The U. S firms strongly rejected the findings of the New Delhi­based Centre for Science and Environment and said their products were safe推断他们担心这件事会给他们的生意带来危害。故选C。

　　3．The underlined part in Para. 3 “ this practice” probably refers to ________.

　　A．testing the mixture

　　B．selling more drinks in India

　　C．mixing the drinks with the pesticide

　　D．attracting ants to eat the young pests

　　答案：C　词义推测题。根据文章第二段mix pesticides with a sugary juice to control pests所叙述的这件事，第三段正是因为这件事，才带来了该地区经销商的销量大增。故选C。

　　4．The drinks can kill pests because ________.

　　A．there is some pesticide left in them

　　B．they are sticky and fizzy

　　C．they have elements that kill pests

　　D．they made the pesticide more effective

　　答案：D　推理判断题。根据文章第二段的He said the drinks had all the elements they needed: they were cheaper, sticky, fizzy, and attracted ants, which ate the young of the pests推断可乐可帮助杀虫剂更有效。故选D。

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　(2015·福建省普通高中毕业班质检)

　　Shortly after I started out as a professional baseball player in the Tri­State League, I was fired. “Frank，” the manager said __1__， “whatever you do after you leave here, put some __2__ and enthusiasm into your work！” Well, that was the

　　__3__

　　thing I expected him to say.

　　A week later, __4__， I was introduced to the New Haven. My first day here will always __5__ in my memory as a great event in my life. No one knew me in the league, so I was __6__

　　to make myself the most enthusiastic ball player they'd ever seen. From the minute I __7__ on the field, I acted like a man electrified. And I acted as if I were alive with a million

　　__8__.

　　My biggest thrill came the following morning __9__ I read in the New Haven newspaper: “This __10__

　　player, Frank, has a barrel (桶) of enthusiasm. He

　　__11__ our boys. They looked better than at any time this season.” The newspapers began

　　__12__

　　me the life of the team.

　　Within two weeks, enthusiasm took me from $250 a month to $1850 a month—it __13__ my income by 700 percent! Two years after that, I was

　　__14__ third base for the St. Louis and multiplied my income by thirty times. Enthusiasm __15__ did it; nothing but enthusiasm.

　　Enthusiasm is by far the highest paid __16__ on earth. It helps you become more successful, and __17__

　　a healthier, richer and happier life. “To become enthusiastic—act enthusiastically.” Put this rule into __18__ for thirty days and be prepared to see astonishing __19__. It may easily change your entire life. Can you acquire enthusiasm—or must you be born

　　__20__ it? Certainly you can acquire it!

　　文章大意：作者以自己的亲身经历告诉我们：付诸激情你就能改变自己的生活。

　　1．A.carefully

　　B．casually

　　C．quickly

　　D．firmly

　　答案：D　本空考查副词基本含义的辨析。carefully仔细地；casually随便地；quickly快速地；firmly坚定地。根据下文manager说话的语气判断是坚定地，故选D。

　　2．A.curiosity

　　B．life

　　C．experience

　　D．pleasure

　　答案：B　本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。curiosity好奇心；life生活；experience经验，经历；pleasure快乐。根据下文的enthusiasm和life判断填life。故选B。

　　3．A.proper

　　B．other

　　C．last

　　D．only

　　答案：C　本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。proper适当的；other其他的；last最后的；only仅仅。 因为作者被解雇了，这是经理给他说的最后一句话。故选C。

　　4．A.meanwhile

　　B．therefore

　　C．otherwise

　　D．however

　　答案：D　本空考查副词基本含义的辨析。meanwhile同时；therefore因此，所以；otherwise否则；however尽管如此。 根据上下文应是“尽管如此”，故选D。

　　5．A.give out

　　B．keep up

　　C．stand out

　　D．look up

　　答案：C　本空考查动词短语基本含义的辨析。give out发出；keep up保持；stand out突出，站出来，坚持到底，坚决反对；look up向上看。应该是我的第一天在我的印象中很突出。故选C。

　　6．A.determined

　　B．delighted

　　C．excited

　　D．moved

　　答案：A　本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。determined决心的；delighted感到高兴的；excited感到兴奋的；moved受感动的。be determined to do sth.下定决心做某事。故选A。

　　7．A.glanced

　　B．appeared

　　C．queued

　　D．cheered

　　答案：B　本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。glanced匆忙看一眼；appeared出现；queued排队； cheered欢呼。此处是“出现在场地上”，故选B。

　　8．A.batteries

　　B．machines

　　C．players

　　D．balls

　　答案：A　本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。batteries电池；machines机器；players运动员；balls球。be active with充满活力，根据前文的electrified判断填A。

　　9．A.till

　　B．before

　　C．when

　　D．though

　　答案：C　本空考查连词基本含义的辨析。till直到；before在……之前；when 当……时候；though尽管，虽然。根据句意：当我在New Haven报纸上阅读时……。故选C。

　　10．A.healthy

　　B．popular

　　C．familiar

　　D．new

　　答案：D　本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。healthy健康的；popular流行的；familiar熟悉的；new新的。根据前文这里是作者刚来，称为是“新来的”，故选D。

　　11．A.inspired

　　B．satisfied

　　C．upset

　　D．disappointed

　　答案：A　本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。inspired鼓舞；satisfied满意；upset使……感到不安；disappointed使……感到失望。根据前文的enthusiasm判断是作者的激情鼓舞了队员们。故选A。

　　12．A.showing

　　B．calling

　　C．giving

　　D．bringing

　　答案：B　本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。showing给……看，展示；calling叫；giving给予； bringing带来。因为作者的成就被那些报纸称为“球队的生命。”故选B。

　　13．A.included

　　B．made

　　C．took

　　D．increased

　　答案：D　本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。included包括；made制作；took带走；increased提高，增加。根据前文的from $250 a month to $1850 a month可知选D。

　　14．A.introducing

　　B．leaving

　　C．playing

　　D．starting

　　答案：C　本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。introducing介绍；leaving离开；playing玩；starting开始。根据前文是baseball，应是我打第三垒，故选C。

　　15．A.alone

　　B．once

　　C．also

　　D．indeed

　　答案：A　本空考查副词基本含义的辨析。alone单独，单个，放在名词之后是“仅仅”；once曾经； also也；indeed的确。根据前文作者在回想原经理说的那句话是错误的，仅仅是激情就成就了自己。故选A。

　　16．A.reputation

　　B．quality

　　C．theme

　　D．profession

　　答案：B　本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。reputation荣誉；quality品质；theme主题；profession职业。热情就是地球上获得最高报酬的品质。故选B。

　　17．A.change

　　B．enjoy

　　C．spoil

　　D．admire

　　答案：B　本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。change改变；enjoy喜欢，享受；spoil破坏；admire欣赏，羡慕。根据前文作者得到的高收入，现在应是享受更健康、富裕、幸福的生活。故选B。

　　18．A.field

　　B．memory

　　C．action

　　D．idea

　　答案：C　本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。field田地；memory记忆；action行动；idea主意。put sth into action把……付诸行动。故选C。

　　19．A.efforts

　　B．events

　　C．factors

　　D．results

　　答案：D　本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。efforts努力；events事件；factors因素；results结果。投入激情30天，你就能收获令人吃惊的效果。故选D。

　　20．A.with

　　B．in

　　C．without

　　D．at

　　答案：A　本空考查介词基本含义的辨析。with和……在一起；in在……里面；without没有； at在……旁边。 be born with生来具有，与前文的acquire相对应。故选A。

　　Ⅲ.语法填空

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　(2015·河南省八市重点中学5月质检)

　　Over the past few years, organic products have increasingly found their way into consumers' shopping baskets. But what makes them choose organic over highly processed products?

　　There are reasons __1__ being organic and reasons against being organic. It is not __2__(necessary) an either­or decision. Rather, the decision __3__(consume) organic food or not is dependent on the economic, educational and social circumstances of the consumer.

　　According to many researchers, there is a connection between organic food and the __4__(protect) of the environment. Many consumers __5__ know about this connection take it as a motivation to go organic. To reduce their carbon footprint, many even rely only on local organic __6__(product)．

　　__7__， not every consumer actually knows and cares about the connection between the environment and organic food. That is, some consumers choose not to be organic because __8__ prefer sticking with their old habits. To them, one reason not to go organic is that organic food differs from the food they are used to. For some, organic food tastes different __9__(compare) with the food they normally consume.

　　And as organic products generally don't use preservatives(防腐剂), they are __10__(easy) to go bad. Consumers who choose not to go organic therefore feel organic food doesn't bring them any benefits.

　　1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______

　　6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______

　　文章大意：随着人们的收入水平和生活质量的不断提高，越来越多的人开始关注以无公害、绿色、有机为标志的高端农产品，有机食品无论对环境还是健康来说都有益处。

　　1．命题立意：考查介词。

　　答案：for　reason的后置定语常常使用介词for引导的介词短语，例如the reason for his being late他迟到的原因。故填for。

　　2．命题立意：考查副词。

　　答案：necessarily　根据句意以及语法应该用副词形式necessarily。故填necessarily。

　　3．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。

　　答案：to consume　decision的后置定语涉及动作意义时常常用不定式形式，且此处表示主动意义，故应该用不定式的主动形式。故填to consume。

　　4．命题立意：考查词形转换。

　　答案：protection　此处带有后置定语of the environment，定语是修饰名词的，所以此处应该使用protect的名词形式protection。故填protection。

　　5．命题立意：考查定语从句。

　　答案：who/that　此处指前面的many consumers，在后面的句子中作know的主语，故应该用表示人的关系代词who/that来引导定语从句。故填who/that。

　　6．命题立意：考查名词。

　　答案：products　根据句意，此处表示很多人只吃当地产的有机产品，为复数意义，故应该用可数名词product的复数形式products。故填products。

　　7．命题立意：考查连词。

　　答案：However　根据上下文可知，此处与上文所述的相反的事实，即有的人不吃有机食物，故应该用表示转折意义的副词。故填However。

　　8．命题立意：考查代词。

　　答案：they　根据上下文，此处指的是前半句提到的some consumers，在句中作主语，故应该用人称代词they来指代。故填they。

　　9．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。

　　答案：compared　逻辑主语organic food与compare之间为被动关系，故应该用过去分词作比较状语。故填compared。

　　10．命题立意：考查形容词。

　　答案：easier　根据上下文句意，此处表示“(与那些非有机食品相比)更容易变质”，表示比较意义，故应该用easy的比较级easier。故填easier。

　　Ⅳ.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　(2015·东北三省四市二模)

　　Dear Mum，

　　This afternoon, our teacher asked us list what our parents had done for us. I write down a lot of good sides.

　　Time passes quickly，isn't it? It is three years when I became a high school student.

　　Looking back on the progresses that I have made so far, I really appreciate for your support. I know that without your properly guidance，I would not have done so well.

　　However, what still makes me puzzling is how to make my dream to go to the top university come true.Please continue to lend I a hand. I really need your help.

　　Kate

　　答案：

　　Dear Mum，

　　This afternoon, our teacher asked us

　　list what our parents had done for us. I

　　down a lot of good sides.

　　Time passes quickly， it? It is three years

　　I became a high school student.

　　Looking back on the

　　that I have made so far, I really appreciate for your support. I know that without your

　　guidance，I would not have done so well.

　　However, what still makes me

　　is how to make my dream to go to

　　top university come true.Please continue to lend

　　a hand. I really need your help.

　　Kate

　　文章大意：本文是一封书信。Kate按照老师的要求，给妈妈写了一封信，表达自己的感激之情。

　　1．命题立意：考查不定式作宾语补足语。

　　解析：list前加to　ask sb. to do sth.请某人干某事。

　　2. 命题立意：考查动词的时态。

　　解析：write→wrote　根据上文语意，此处应该为发生在过去的动作。

　　3. 命题立意：考查反意问句。

　　解析：isn't→doesn't　本句的谓语动词是实义动词passes，故反意问句中用助动词doesn't。

　　4. 命题立意：考查时间状语从句。

　　解析：when→since　It is＋一段时间＋since...为固定结构。

　　5. 命题立意：考查名词。

　　解析：progresses→progress　progress为抽象名词，不可数。

　　6. 命题立意：考查动词。

　　解析：去掉for　appreciate为及物动词，可直接接宾语，不需要介词。

　　7. 命题立意：考查形容词和副词。

　　解析：properly→proper　此处应用形容词来修饰名词guidance。

　　8. 命题立意：考查分词作宾语补足语。

　　解析：puzzling→puzzled　此处应用过去分词来补充说明“me”自身的感受。

　　9. 命题立意：考查冠词。

　　解析：the→a　此处应用不定冠词表示泛指，意为“一所”，而非特指。

　　10．命题立意：考查代词。

　　解析：I→me　此处应用人称代词的宾格me来作lend的宾语。