2017届高考英语一轮基础知识复习：Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero（新人教版必修1）

　　Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　Guide Dogs of America, A History is the book that we have all been waiting for. It's a book that tells how and where the guide dog movement really started, with information never before revealed—until now. After reading this 200­page, picture­filled work, you will know about every aspect of Guide Dogs of America (GDA) from its beginning to how it has become one of the top guide dog schools in the country.

　　Joseph W. Jones, Sr. was refused a guide dog because of his age—he was fifty­seven—but he would not accept defeat. He researched the guide dog movement and with the help of the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, established his own school, one that would provide guide dogs free of charge to visually impaired people regardless of their age.

　　The school graduated 18 guide dog teams the first year with students staying at, GDA's first trainer, Lambert Kreimer's house on South Virginia Avenue in Burbank, and Jones manning the office on Lankershim Boulevard in North Hollywood.

　　In 1952, Jones addressed the quadrennial(四周年纪念的) IAM Grand Lodge Convention in Kansas City, Missouri. “I sincerely prayed to God for two things，” Jones said. “After my wife passed away and left me with a ten­year­old boy, I prayed that I would be spared long enough to see this organization well established and that my ten­year­old boy would become a man. Both prayers have been answered. The organization is well established, it is in the hands of the IAM and my boy is a man, and I am proud to say that today he is a member of the IAM.”

　　Jones' prayer for a successful organization had been answered and now, ten years after he was rejected for being too old, his dream of having a guide dog partner would be realized. By the time he took a guide dog for himself, hundreds of others had already been given the gift of sight because of his drive and determination. That school, now known as Guide Dogs of America, has provided guide dogs to thousands of people free of charge.

　　文章大意：在美国，有位名叫Joseph W．Jones，Sr.的老人，由于年龄过大，他没有实现得到一个导盲犬的愿望，但他不甘心，自己创办了一所专门培训导盲犬的学校，免费提供导盲犬给需要帮助的人。

　　1．What can we know about Guide Dogs of America, A history?

　　A．It only tells us where the guide dog movement started.

　　B．There are no pictures in the book.

　　C．It mainly deals with Guide Dogs of America.

　　D．It was written by Lambert Kreimer.

　　答案：C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“After reading this 200­page, picture­filled work, you will know about every aspect of Guide Dogs of America (GDA) from its beginning to how it has become one of the top guide dog schools in the country”可知C项正确。

　　2．Why did Joseph W．Jones, Sr. fail to get a guide dog?

　　A．He couldn't afford to buy one.

　　B．He was too old to get one.

　　C．There were not enough guide dogs.

　　D．He didn't know how to make use of a guide dog.

　　答案：B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Joseph W．Jones, Sr. was refused a guide dog because of his age—he was fifty­seven”和最后一段中的“he was rejected for being too old”可知B项正确。他被拒绝的原因是年龄过大。

　　3．According to the passage, Guide Dogs of America ________.

　　A．trained 18 guide dog teams in 1952

　　B．received much help from the guide dog movement

　　C．has provided guide dogs to thousands of affordable people

　　D．has Lambert Kreimer as its first trainer

　　答案：D　考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The school graduated 18 guide dog teams the first year with students staying at, GDA's first trainer, Lambert Kreimer's house of South Virginia Avenue in Burbank”可知D项与文章叙述相符。

　　4．The underlined sentence in the passage means “________”．

　　A．I prayed I could live long enough to set up a school to train guide dogs

　　B．I prayed I could have enough money to establish an organization

　　C．I prayed I could have a guide dog to help me realize my dream

　　D．I prayed I could have good health in the rest of my life

　　答案：A　句意理解题。结合全文可知，他年龄很大，但又希望实现自己建立一个导盲犬学校的愿望，画线句可以理解为“希望自己多活几年，实现自己的梦想”。

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　(2015·山西考前质监)

　　“What do you think of the extraordinary achievements of your life？” Queen Victoria of Britain asked Helen Keller. “You are __1__ and deaf, but how can you make such great achievements？” Ms. Keller's answer was the __2__ for her teacher, “If there were no Anne Sullivan, the name of Helen Keller would not be known.”

　　When Anne was little, she suffered a great __3__. A fever made her nearly lose her eyesight in her childhood, and she was diagnosed as a hopeless “lunatic”(疯子) by the doctor. She was locked in the basement of a mental hospital in Boston. Sometimes, little Anne __4__ attacked anyone who approached her. She __5__ everyone who appeared in front of her most of the time.

　　__6__， an old nurse believed that little Anne had hope and asked to __7__ the task of looking after the girl. She went to see little Anne every day. The child ignored her most of the time, but the old nurse didn't __8__ seeing her every day in the basement. The kind­hearted lady left cookies to little Anne and spoke words full of love and __9__ to her. She believed that __10__ she showed love, little Anne would be able to __11__.

　　Finally, the doctor __12__ changes in little Anne. Anne, who was always full of anger and hostility, showed __13__ and goodwill she had never had before. They transferred her upstairs and her __14__ continued improving. Then the last day came, and she __15__ the mental hospital.

　　After she grew up, Anne Sullivan hoped to help __16__， just as the kind old nurse helped her. She saw great __17__ in Helen Keller. She cared for her, __18__ her strictly, encouraged her, played with her and worked with her. Anne Sullivan __19__ a miracle(奇迹) in the life of Helen Keller. But first it was a kind nurse who had full __20__ in little Anne that turned a silent child into a kind teacher.

　　文章大意：本文主要介绍了Anne Sullivan的成长经历，以及Helen取得巨大成就的原因。

　　1．A.weak B．lame

　　C．thin D．blind

　　答案：D　你失明(blind)又失聪，但是你是如何取得那么大的成就的？weak“虚弱的”；

　　lame“跛的”；thin“瘦的”。故D项正确。

　　2.A.prize B．praise

　　C．courage D．mood

　　答案：B　Keller女士的回答是对她老师的赞美(praise)。prize“奖励”；courage“勇气”；mood“情绪”。故B项正确。

　　3．A.storm B．accident

　　C．disaster D．harm

　　答案：C　在Anne小的时候，她遭受了一次很大的灾难(disaster)。storm“暴风雨”；accident“(交通)事故”；harm“伤害，损害”。根据此空后的“A fever made her nearly lose her eyesight in her childhood”可知，C项正确。

　　4．A.fiercely B．silently

　　C．obviously D．exactly

　　答案：A　有时，小Anne猛烈地(fiercely)攻击靠近她的任何人。silently“默默地”；obviously“明显地”；exactly“精确地”。故A项正确。

　　5．A.welcomed B．ignored

　　C．cheered D．changed

　　答案：B　大多数时间，她忽视(ignored)出现在她面前的每一个人。welcome“欢迎”；cheer“欢呼”；change“改变”。故B项正确。

　　6．A.Besides B．Thus

　　C．Moreover D．However

　　答案：D　然而(However)，一位年长的护士认为小Anne还有希望并且要求承担(take on)照顾这个女孩的任务。besides“除……之外(还)”；thus“因此”；moreover“而且”。故D项正确。

　　7．A.take on B．look on

　　C．go on D．turn on

　　答案：A　参见上题解析。look on“旁观”；go on“持续”；turn on“打开”。故A项正确。

　　8．A.consider B．stop

　　C．permit D．continue

　　答案：B　但是这位年长的护士没有停止(stop)每天到地下室看她。consider“仔细考虑，认为”；permit“允许”；continue“继续”。故B项正确。

　　9．A.disappointment B．appreciation

　　C．encouragement D．hate

　　答案：C　这位善良的女士给小Anne留下些曲奇饼干给她说些充满爱意和鼓励(encouragement)的话。disappointment“失望”；appreciation“感激”；hate“仇恨，厌恶”。故C项正确。

　　10．A.as soon as B．even though

　　C．as if D．so long as

　　答案：D　她相信只要(so long as)她表现出爱意，小Anne就能够恢复(recover)。even though“尽管”；as if“好像”；as soon as“一……就……”。so long as引导条件状语从句，故D项正确。

　　11．A.grow B．write

　　C．recover D．suit

　　答案：C　参见上题解析。grow“成长”；write“写”；suit“适合”。故C项正确。

　　12．A.approved B．noticed

　　C．proposed D．operated

　　答案：B　最终，医生注意到(noticed)小Anne的一些变化。approve“同意”；propose“建议”；operate“操作”。故B项正确。

　　13．A.mildness B．sympathy

　　C．calm D．wisdom

　　答案：A　总是充满愤怒和敌意的Anne表现出了她以前从未有过的温和(mildness)和友善。根据语境可知，前后形成对比，且所填词与goodwill相近，故A项正确。sympathy“同情”；calm“平静的时期”；wisdom“智慧”。

　　14．A.experiment B．belief

　　C．sight D．condition

　　答案：D　他们把Anne转移到了楼上。她的健康状况(condition)在不断好转。experiment“实验”；belief“信仰”；sight“视力”。故D项正确。

　　15．A.escaped B．finished

　　C．left D．survived

　　答案：C　她离开(left)了精神病院。escape“逃跑”；finish“完成”；survive“幸存”。故C项正确。

　　16．A.the others B．another

　　C．other D．others

　　答案：D　Anne长大以后，她希望像那位善良的年长的护士帮助她一样帮助其他人(others)。故D项正确。

　　17．A.potential B．status

　　C．affection D．satisfaction

　　答案：A　她看到Hellen身上巨大的潜能(potential)。status“地位”；affection“喜爱，钟爱”；satisfaction“满意”。故A项正确。

　　18．A.committed B．trained

　　C．controlled D．raised

　　答案：B　Anne照顾她，严格地训练(trained)她。commit“承认”；control“控制”；raise“提升，征集，提起”。故B项正确。

　　19．A.created B．found

　　C．developed D．spread

　　答案：A　Anne在Helen的人生里创造(created)了一个奇迹。find“发现”；develop“发展”；spread“传播”。故A项正确。

　　20．A.curiosity B．promise

　　C．confidence D．relief

　　答案：C　但是首先是一位对小Anne充满信心(confidence)的善良的护士把一个沉默寡言的孩子变成了一个善良的老师。curiosity“好奇心”，promise“诺言”，relief“解脱，宽慰”，故C项正确。

　　.语法填空

　　阅读下列材料，在空白处填上适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　(2015·南昌一模)

　　Lionel Messi, __1__ player from the South American country Argentina, is one of the greatest soccer players alive today. At a young age, he __2__ (move) to Spain and now plays __3__(profession) for the FC Barcelona. Messi started playing soccer at the age of 5 for a small soccer team __4__(own) by his father. Even as a young boy, he did very well. But when he was 11 years old, he found out he had a sickness which would prevent him from growing much __5__(tall). There was a way to help him grow more, __6__ his parents did not have enough money to pay for his medical needs. So, they looked around for a soccer club __7__ would be able to do this for them. The clubs in Argentina couldn't help him, but the famous FC Barcelona in Spain offered __8__(accept) Messi on the junior team and pay for the bills. The Messi family happily took the offer and moved to Spain. In the FC Barcelona, Messi was one of the best __9__(play) through his teen years. __10__ his incredible talent, Messi has surprised the world.

　　1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______

　　6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______

　　文章大意：本文主要讲述了著名足球运动员Lionel Messi的成长故事。

　　答案：

　　1．a　考查冠词。player是可数名词，且第一次在文章中出现，故用不定冠词修饰。

　　2．moved　考查动词的时态。根据时态状语“At a young age”可知，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。

　　3．professionally　考查词性转换。此处用professionally修饰动词plays。

　　4．owned　考查非谓语动词。own和a small soccer team构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。

　　5．taller　考查形容词比较级。much/far/any等副词往往修饰形容词或副词的比较级，根据语境可知，此处用taller。

　　6．but　考查连词。根据上下文语境可知，此处表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用转折连词but。

　　7．that/which　考查定语从句。that或which引导限定性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词a soccer club。

　　8．to accept　考查非谓语动词。此处是固定词组 offer to do sth.，不定式短语作宾语，符合语境。

　　9．players　考查词性转换。根据提示the best和代词one可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。

　　10. With　考查介词。此处用with表示“具备，有”，其后跟名词、代词或动名词，符合语境。