2017届高考英语一轮语法专题复习：4 介词（新人教版）

　　语法专题4 介词

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．(2015·浙江，10改编)Most people work because it's unavoidable.________contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work.

　　答案：By　by contrast“相比之下”。句意：大部分人工作是因为它是无法逃避的。而相比之下，有些人工作是因为的确享受工作。

　　2．(2015·浙江，17改编)These comments came ________response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.

　　答案：in　in response to“回应”。句意：这些评论出现是为了回应那些当地资讯记者经常问到的具体问题。

　　3．(2015·湖北，30改编)This meeting room is a non­smoking area. I would like to warn you ________advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.

　　答案：in　in advance提前。句意：会议室是非吸烟区。我想提前警告你：如果你在这儿吸烟的话。你会被罚款的。

　　4．(2015·重庆，10改编)Last year was the warmest year on record，with global temperature 0.68 ℃ ______ the average.

　　答案：above　above the average在一般水平以上。句意：去年是有记录以来最热的一年，全球气温比平均气温高0.68℃。

　　5．(2015·福建，22改编)A common memory they all have ________ their school days is the school uniform.

　　答案：of　they all have ________ their school days为memory的定语，可还原成have a memory of结构，意为“有……的回忆”。句意：他们对学校生活的共有回忆是校服。拓展：I have a vivid memory of her face.她的容貌栩栩如生地印在我脑海里。

　　6．(2015·福建，32改编)Human life is regarded as part of nature and，as such，the only way for us to survive is to live ________harmony with nature.

　　答案：in　in harmony with与……和谐共处。句意：人的生命被看作是自然界的一部分；就这点而论，我们要存活下来的唯一方式就是与大自然和谐共处。

　　7．(2017·课标全国Ⅱ，改编)He reported the case ________ the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in a strange city.

　　答案：to　句意为：他向警察报告了这个事件，然后孤独迷茫地坐在一个陌生的城市里。report...to...为固定搭配，意为“向……报告……”。

　　8．(2017·福建，22改编)Our club is open to everyone regardless______age，sex or educational background.

　　答案：of　句意为：我们的俱乐部向每个人开放，不管你的年龄、性别或教育背景。regardless of意为“不管；不顾”，为固定搭配。

　　9．(2017·天津，6改编)In addition ______the school，the village has a clinic，which was also built with government support.

　　答案：to　句意为：除了学校之外，村子里还有一家诊所，它也是在政府的支持下建起来的。根据下文关键词also可知，学校也是政府开办的，故填to，in addition to意为“除了……之外(还)”。

　　10．(2017·浙江，10改编)While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything______ return.

　　答案：in　句意为：当詹姆斯呆在这个村里的时候，他无私地把他有的所有东西与村民分享，不求任何回报。根据前面的单词unselfishly可知他这样做不图回报。in return为固定短语，意为“作为回报”。

　　11．(2015·福建闽清联考改编) The children dressed ______ long wool coats stopped to look at us.

　　答案：in　句意为：穿着长羊毛外套的孩子们停下来看着我们。be dressed in意为“穿着……”，为固定搭配。

　　12．(2015·福建厦门双十中学检测改编)The desire for self­improvement has led many Chinese students to pursue educational opportunities ________ physical classrooms.

　　答案：beyond　句意为：自我完善的愿望促使许多中国学生去追求超越实体课堂教育的机会。beyond意为“超出……”。

　　13．(2015·山东菏泽联考改编)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken ________ color.

　　答案：in　句意为：由于有了这项新的科技，水下的山谷可以被拍成彩色照片。in color意为“彩色的”，符合句意。

　　14．(2015·江苏南通中学改编)She works well with those who are superior ________ her in the company.

　　答案：to　句意为：她与公司那些职务高于她的人相处得很好。be superior to意为“优于……；高于……”，为固定短语。

　　15．(2015·江苏盐城调研改编)________ the Hong Kong singer's current popularity, she was largely unknown in Chinese mainland before the talent show.

　　答案：Despite　句意为：虽然这个香港歌手现在很受欢迎，但是在才艺秀之前她在内地还不为人知。despite意为“虽然”，符合句意。

　　16．(2015·北京东城联考改编)I have an appointment ______Dr. Brown, but I need to change it.

　　答案：with　句意为：我与布朗先生有约，但我需要改一下。have an appointment with sb.意为“与某人有约”，为固定短语。

　　17．(2015·陕西西安联考改编)Whoever comes here to have the meeting will be treated ________ a wonderful dinner.

　　答案：to　句意为：所有来这儿开会的人都将享用美好的晚餐。treat sb. to sth.意为“款待，招待某人享用……”，是固定短语。

　　18．(2015·浙江名校联考改编)Anyway, I can't tell lies about it—it's ________ my principles, you know.

　　答案：against　句意为：无论如何，对于这件事我不能说谎，你知道这违背了我的原则。against意为“反对；违反”，符合句意。

　　19．(2015·浙江，3)Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes ________ animals both on land and sea？

　　答案：to　be home to...“是……的家园”。

　　20．(2015·陕西，12改编)The little pupil took his grandma ________the arm and walked her across the street.

　　答案：by　“take sb. by＋身体部位”为固定搭配，意为“抓住某人的……”。句意：那个小学生抓着他奶奶的手臂，领她过了街道。拓展：The police took the thief by the collar and took him to the police station.警察抓住那个小偷的衣领，把他带到了警察局。

　　Ⅱ.语法填空

　　在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　Father's Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day __1__ children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. A woman __2__ the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought __3__ the idea for Father's Day while listening to a Mother's Day sermon __4__ 1909.

　　Having been raised __5__ her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know special he was __6__ her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, __7__ the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man. Sonora's father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father's Day celebration __8__ Spokane, Washington __9__ the 19th of June, 1910.

　　In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June __10__ Father's Day. Roses are the flowers for Father's Day.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______

　　6．______　7.______　8.______　9.______　10.______

　　答案：1.for　2.with　3.of　4.in　5.by　6.to　7.in　8.in　9.on　10.as

　　Ⅲ.单句改错

　　1．(2015·新课标Ⅰ)Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.

　　答案：on改为with　with the development of...随着……的发展。

　　2．(2015·新课标Ⅱ)Tony saw a toy on a shop window.

　　答案：on改为in　Tony看到橱窗里有一个玩具，故用in。

　　3．(2017·课标全国Ⅰ，改编)Nearly five years ago，and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.

　　答案：by改为of　句意为：大约五年前，在父亲的帮助下，我和姐姐在后花园种植了一些圣女果。with the help of sb.为固定搭配，意为“在某人的帮助下”。故将by改为of。

　　4．(2017·课标全国Ⅰ，改编)He was tall, with broad shoulders and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years.

　　答案：toward改为to或into　turn from...to/into...从……变成……。

　　5．(2017·课标全国Ⅱ，改编)Interestingly, it had a connection by the British porcelain(瓷器) industry.

　　答案：by改为with或to　connection后接with或to表示“关联，连接”。