2016届高考英语二轮复习考点精炼：专题9 名词性从句与定语从句

　　专题九　名词性从句与定语从句

　　针对高考训练

　　一、单项填空

　　1.(2017浙江衢州一中高三摸底)My friend showed me round the town,　was very kind of him. 

　　A.whichB.that

　　C.where D.it

　　答案:A

　　解析:考查定语从句。句意:我的朋友带我参观了这个城镇,他真是太好了。本题是一个非限制性定语从句,which指代前面一句话的内容,在从句中作主语。that不能引导非限制性定语从句;where在从句中只能作状语;it不能引导定语从句。故选A项。

　　2.My niece used to live in 　 was known as “Lucky Community”. 

　　A.what B.where

　　C.which D.where there

　　答案:A

　　解析:句意:我侄女过去曾住在叫做“幸福社区”的地方。what引导宾语从句,并且在从句中作主语。

　　3.(2017江西吉安白鹭洲中学高三摸底)The Voice of China is such a popular programme with viewers 　has produced many a music lover. 

　　A.who B.that

　　C.where D.as

　　答案:D

　　解析:考查定语从句。句意:《中国好声音》是一个受观众欢迎的节目,这个节目培养了很多音乐爱好者。分析句子结构可知　has produced many a music lover是定语从句,修饰先行词programme,定语从句中缺少主语,应该选关系代词,而当先行词前有such,the same,so等修饰时,定语从句要用as引导。故选D项。 

　　4.(2017西安铁一中国际合作学校高三模拟)The famous scientist,　 a dinner party will be held tonight,is to arrive soon. 

　　A.in his honor B.in whose honor

　　C.in which honor D.in honor of him

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查定语从句。句意:这位著名的科学家,将很快到场出席那个为其庆祝而于今晚举行的宴会。根据短语搭配in one’s honor,故用关系代词whose。故选B项。

　　5.Mr. David has been to many cities in China,　 Xi’an has impressed him most. 

　　A.of which B.in which

　　C.with which D.on which

　　答案:A

　　解析:句意:大卫先生去过中国的很多城市,在这些城市中西安留给他的印象最深刻。分析句子结构可知,“　 Xi’an has impressed him most”是定语从句,“Xi’an”是“many cities”中的一个,故空处用of which。 

　　6.She suggests another approach,one,I think,　 suits us better. 

　　A.that B.where

　　C.which D.who

　　答案:A

　　解析:考查定语从句。I think 为插入语;that 为定语从句中的主语,先行词为不定代词one,不用which。

　　7.His shop was so well managed that he sold in just 5 months 　 his competitor sold in a year. 

　　A.how B.what

　　C.whether D.why

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查名词性从句。what引导宾语从句。句意:他的商店经营得那么好以至于他在五个月内就销售了他的竞争对手一年销售的那么多。

　　8.All people present are opposed to the project for the reason　 it will cause much pollution. 

　　A.that B.why

　　C.because D.what

　　答案:A

　　解析:此处为同位语从句,而非定语从句,故选that,而不是why。

　　9.(2017浙江象山普通高中高三模拟)We think that it’s love,generosity and perseverance 　 make the world 　 it is today. 

　　A.what;that B.that;what

　　C.which;what D.which;that

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查引导词的用法。句意:我们认为正是爱、慷慨和坚持不懈的精神,让这个世界成为今天的样子。第一空填that引导强调句的剩余部分,that不作成分。make“使成为”,后接复合宾语结构,第二空宾语从句中缺少表语,故用what。因此选B项。

　　10.(2017四川成都高三摸底)Don’t worry!There is still a great chance 　 we can make up for the lost time. 

　　A.which B.that

　　C.where D.when

　　答案:B

　　解析:考查同位语从句。句意:不要担心!我们还有机会来弥补失去的时间。结合语境可知下文we can make up for the lost time为同位语从句,引导词在句子中不作成分,只起连接作用,故选B项。

　　1.A doctor entered the hospital in a hurry after being called in for an urgent 　1　.He answered the call as soon as possible,changed his clothes and went directly to the operation block.He found the boy’s father 　2　in the hall waiting for the doctor.On seeing him,the dad 　3　,“Why did you take all this 　4　 to come?Don’t you know that my son’s life is in danger?Don’t you have any sense of 　5　?” 

　　The doctor smiled and said,“I am sorry.I wasn’t in the hospital and I 　6　as fast as I could after receiving the call.And now,I wish you to calm down　7　I can do my work.”“Calm down?What if your son is in this room right now,would you calm down?If your own son is 　8　 now what will you do?” said the father 　9　. 

　　The doctor smiled again and replied,“I will say what Job said in the Bible,‘From dust we came and to dust we return,blessed by the name of God.’　10　cannot extend lives.Go and 　11　 for your son,and we will do our best by God’s grace.” 

　　“Giving advice when we’re not 　12　 is so easy,”murmured the father.The operation took some hours 　13　 which the doctor went out happily. 

　　“Thank goodness!Your son is saved!” And without waiting for the father’s reply he carried on his 　14　 running.“If you have any question,ask the nurse!” 

　　“Why is he so 　15　? Couldn’t he wait some minutes so that I could ask about my son’s 　16　?” commented the father when seeing the nurse minutes after the doctor left.The nurse answered,　17　coming down her face,“His son died yesterday in a road accident.He was in the funeral when we called him for your son’s operation.　18　now that he saved your son’s life,he left running to finish his son’s funeral.” 

　　Never 　19　anyone easily...because you never know how their life is and what they’re　20　. 

　　【语篇导读】本文讲述了一个医生被医院召回来救一个孩子,而孩子的父亲误解医生冷血,听了护士的话后这个父亲才明白原来医生刚失去了自己的儿子。由此本文告诉我们:宽容待人,切忌武断。

　　1A.meeting B.career

　　C.operation D.travel

　　答案:C

　　解析:根据句意可知他是医生,所以被召回来给病人做手术。故选C项。

　　2.A.calling B.running

　　C.jumping D.pacing

　　答案:D

　　解析:他发现男孩的父亲在大厅里来回踱步。find sb.doing sth.“发现某人正在做某事”。根据句意只有D项符合情境。

　　3.A.admitted B.expressed

　　C.whispered D.shouted

　　答案:D

　　解析:根据下文提到的“Don’t you know that my son’s life is in danger?”(难道你不知道我儿子的生命现在处在危险中吗?)可知这个父亲很着急,叫喊着,所以选D项。

　　4.A.time B.cost

　　C.love D.turn

　　答案:A

　　解析:take是“花费”的意思。这个父亲在质问医生为什么现在才来,故选A项。

　　5.A.humour B.responsibility

　　C.pride D.honour

　　答案:B

　　解析:根据语境可知这个父亲在质问医生有没有责任感,因为他现在才来,故选B项。

　　6.A.worked B.left

　　C.came D.moved

　　答案:C

　　解析:根据句意可知他一接完电话就尽快赶来了,故选C项。

　　7.A.in case B.so that

　　C.until D.even if

　　答案:B

　　解析:“我”希望你能冷静下来好让“我”开展工作。医生让这个父亲冷静的目的是他能安心工作,所以选B项。

　　8.A.dying B.lying

　　C.missing D.dropping

　　答案:A

　　解析:句意:“冷静?要是你儿子现在在这儿,你能冷静吗?如果你儿子现在要死了,你该怎么办?”根据句意可知这个父亲在反问医生。故选A项。

　　9.A.sadly B.cheerfully

　　C.hopefully D.angrily

　　答案:D

　　解析:根据上文可知这个父亲很生气,所以选D项。

　　10.A.God B.Teachers

　　C.Friends D.Doctors

　　答案:D

　　解析:根据上文提到的“I will say what Job said in the Bible,‘From dust we came and to dust we return,blessed by the name of God.’”可知选D项。

　　11.A.speak B.spell

　　C.pray D.think

　　答案:C

　　解析:医生让这个父亲去给他儿子祈祷。故选C项。

　　12.A.worried B.concerned

　　C.lost D.tired

　　答案:B

　　解析:当“我们”事不关己时给出建议是很容易的事。根据上文给的语境可知,父亲认为不处在这种境况中是不会如此焦虑的。故选B项。

　　13.A.after B.for

　　C.before D.with

　　答案:A

　　解析:手术进行了几个小时,完毕之后,医生高兴地走出来。故选 A项。

　　14.A.way B.spirit

　　C.trust D.dream

　　答案:A

　　解析:根据下文提到的“‘His son died yesterday in a road accident.He was in the funeral when we called him for your son’s operation.’”可知选A项。

　　15.A.patient B.proud

　　C.powerful D.absent

　　答案:B

　　解析:句意:“为什么他如此骄傲,他不能等几分钟让我可以问问我儿子的情况吗?”这是这个父亲对医生的误解。故选B项。

　　16.A.position B.medicine

　　C.state D.life

　　答案:C

　　解析:根据句意只有C项符合语境。

　　17.A.sweat B.cold

　　C.clouds D.tears

　　答案:D

　　解析:护士回答时,眼泪流下来了。下文提到医生的儿子昨天车祸去世了,所以护士也很伤心。故选D项。

　　18.A.And B.But

　　C.Or D.While

　　答案:A

　　解析:两句之间是并列关系,所以选A项。

　　19.A.ignore B.judge

　　C.explain D.believe

　　答案:B

　　解析:句意:不要轻易判断一个人,因为你根本不知道他们的生活是什么样子的,以及他们正在经历着什么。根据句意可知选B项。

　　20.A.doing B.loading

　　C.experiencing D.reducing

　　答案:C

　　三、阅读理解

　　1.If it really is what’s on the inside that counts,then a lot of thin people might be in trouble.

　　Some doctors now think that the internal(内部的) fat surrounding important organs like the heart or liver could be as dangerous as the external fat which can be noticed more easily.

　　“Being thin doesn’t surely mean you are not fat,” said Dr Jimmy Bell at Imperial College.Since 1994,Bell and his team have scanned nearly 800 people with MRI machines to create “fat maps” showing where people store fat.

　　According to the result,people who keep their weight through diet rather than exercise are likely to have major deposits of internal fat,even if they are slim.

　　Even people with normal Body Mass Index scores can have surprising levels of fat deposits inside.Of the women,as many as 45 percent of those with normal BMI scores (20 to 25) actually had too high levels of internal fat.Among men,the percentage was nearly 60 percent.

　　According to Bell,people who are fat on the inside are actually on the edge of being fat.They eat too many fatty and sugary foods,but they are not eating enough to be fat.Scientists believe that we naturally store fat around the belly first,but at some point,the body may start storing it elsewhere.

　　Doctors are unsure about the exact dangers of internal fat,but some think it has something to do with heart disease and diabetes(糖尿病).They want to prove that internal fat damages the body’s communication systems.

　　The good news is that internal fat can be easily burned off through exercise or even by improving your diet.“If you want to be healthy,there is no shortcut.Exercise has to be an important part of your lifestyle.” Bell said.

　　【语篇导读】本文是一篇小品文。如果把属于身体内部的某些东西算在内的话,那么那些瘦人有可能就有危险了。这是为什么呢?一起去了解一下吧!

　　1What is the passage mainly about?

　　A.Thin people may be fat inside.

　　B.Internal fat is of no importance.

　　C.Internal fat leads to many diseases.

　　D.Thin people don’t have diabetes.

　　答案:A

　　解析:主旨大意题。根据第三段的第一句“Being thin doesn’t surely mean you are not fat...”和第四段以及对全文的整体理解可知,本文主要讲的是瘦人体内也有可能有很多脂肪,故选A项。

　　2.According to the passage,which of the following is WRONG?

　　A.Exercise can help to reduce the internal fat.

　　B.People can get rid of internal fat by improving diet.

　　C.Men are more likely to have too much internal fat.

　　D.People with heart disease all have internal fat.

　　答案:D

　　解析:推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的第一句“Doctors are unsure about the exact dangers of internal fat,but some think it has something to do with heart disease and diabetes(糖尿病).”可推知,体内脂肪过多有可能会导致心脏病,但并不意味着有心脏病的人体内脂肪都过多,故选D项。

　　3.From the last paragraph,we can find that 　. 

　　A.internal fat leading to disease has been proved

　　B.exercise plays an important role in people’s life for keeping healthy

　　C.thin people usually have internal fat even if they are slim

　　D.it is easier to burn off internal fat than external fat

　　答案:B

　　解析:细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Exercise has to be an important part of your lifestyle.”可推知,锻炼身体才是保持健康的恒久良策,故选B项。

　　4.The underlined word “shortcut” in the last paragraph means “　”. 

　　A.a long road

　　B.a clear difference

　　C.an easy way

　　D.a short distance

　　答案:C

　　解析:词义猜测题。此处与下文的“Exercise has to be an important part of your lifestyle.”形成对比,由此可推知,保持健康是没有捷径的,经常锻炼才是王道,故选C项。