2016届高考英语二轮复习讲义课件：第1部分 语法专题突破 专题5（全国卷Ⅱ）

　　专题强 化训练 2016高考导航——适用于全国卷Ⅱ 专题5　定语从句 考查点 2015 2017 2017 命题趋势 定语从句 未考 未考 全国卷 Ⅱ 短文改错第三处[非限制性定语从句] 高考对定语从句的考查集中在关系代词(that，which，who)及关系副词(when，where)的选用上，且在语篇型语法填空中的考查形式为无提示型。 1．(2015·高考安徽卷，单项填空，改编)Some experts think

　　reading is the fundamental skill upon ____________ school

　　education depends. 2．(2015·高考四川卷，单项填空，改编)The books on the

　　desk，____________covers are shiny，are prizes for us. 3． (2015·吉林省实验中学质检) The work camp was mainly made up of teenagers____________had given up part of their summer vacation to help others. 考点一　关系代词引导的定语从句 which whose who/that 4． (2015·贵州贵阳二模) However，he had no other choice， though.First Jack was to draft the speech，____________was

　　just a piece of cake for him because he was a good writer. 5． (2015·四川乐山模拟) ____________is expected，the air quality in the city has improved in the past two months. which As 1．which指物，在从句中可以作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以 省略。 2．that指人或物均可，在从句中可以作主语或宾语，作宾语 时可以省略。 She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three years before. 她带着这些游客参观了那座三年前建造的博物馆。 3.限制性定语从句中,关系代词只用that不用which的情况： (1)先行词为不定代词all，anything，nothing，something，everything,nothing,none，the one等或被不定代词修饰时。 I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault. 我拒绝接受因别人的错误而对我进行的指责。 (2)先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。 (3)先行词被the only，the very，the last，the same，any，every，each，few，little，no，some等修饰时。 The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert.这顿饭只有甜点是我爱吃的。 (4)先行词既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。 They will never forget the things and persons that they’ve seen or heard of during their long journey. 他们将永远不会忘记在他们的长途旅行中见到或听说过的人 和事。 4．关系词只用which而不用that的情况：(一句话口诀：介词后、逗号后不可用that) (1)引导非限制性定语从句时。 Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T－shirt，which is a stupid thing to do in such weather. 特德周末来时只穿着短裤和一件T恤，这种天气穿这样的衣服有点傻。 (2)当从句中的介词提前，构成“介词＋关系代词”结构时。 We live in an age in which more information is available with greater ease than ever before. 我们生活在一个信息比以前更容易获得的时代。 5．who，whom的用法 who或whom均可指代人，但who在从句中作主语或宾语，whom在从句中作宾语；两者在引导限制性定语从句时常可用that替换。作主语时，who/that不可省略；作宾语时，whom/who/that可以省略。 I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school who/whom/that I met in the English speech contest last year.我与好几位去年在英语演讲比赛中结识的同校同学成了好朋友。 6．whose的用法 whose表所属关系，既可指人也可指物，在从句中作定语。指物时相当于of which；指人时相当于of whom。 The school shop, whose customers are mainly students，is closed for the holidays.　 这家校内商店的主要顾客是学生，放假时商店关门。 7．as也可以引导非限制性定语从句，定语从句说明整个句子，可放在主句之前。常用的这种类似插入语的句式有as is said above，as is already mentioned above，as often happens，as is often the case，as is reported in the newspaper，such...as...，the same...as...等。 Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.像在我们车间使用的机器是中国制造的。 “You can’t judge a book by its cover，”as the old saying goes.正如老话所说的那样：“人不可貌相。” 单句语法填空 1． (2015·甘肃白银高三摸底考试) Officer：I’m afraid I

　　can’t do that，Madam.In school zones，I’m required to

　　give tickets to all drivers____________break the rules.It’s the law in this county.

　　2． (2015·辽宁沈阳二中模拟) Those____________want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. who/that who 3. (2015·重庆一诊) I’m glad to introduce Mr.Smith to you，without_______consideration our project would have ended in failure.

　　4．____________is often the case with children，Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. whose As 1． (2015·广西南宁高三统考) She dreamed of the day______the manager of the supermarket would say to her with a smile，“Madam，this is your lucky day.Everything in your basket is free.”

　　2． (2015·大庆市二轮复习检测) Mr.Brown was tired of living in the big city___________he worked.He wanted to move to the country and live in a house from which he could get to his office in the city early every day. 考点二　关系副词引导的定语从句 when where 3． (2015·云南临沧二模) The police must give the reasons ____________they are arresting him and tell him his rights

　　under the law. 4．(2015·高考陕西卷，语法和词汇知识，改编)As the

　　smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the

　　time____________he should be able to be independent. why when 1．where表地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词in/at/on...＋which”。 A bank is the place where they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. 银行是在天晴之时借伞给你，到了下雨时就催你还回去的 地方。 2．当先行词为situation，case，stage，point，atmosphere等抽象名词，且引导词在定语从句中表示事情发生的情况、阶段等时，常用关系副词where引导。 (2015·高考浙江卷，单项填空，改编)Creating an atmosphere where employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.创造出让员工感觉到自己就是团队一员的一种氛围是极大的挑战。 3．why表原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for＋which”结构。 Do you know the reason why/for which he didn’t attend the meeting? 你知道他没参加会议的原因吗？ 专题强 化训练