2016届江苏宿迁宿豫中学高考英语专题复习精练：阅读理解（13）

　　阅读理解（13）

　　A

　　Well,

　　there is no doubt

　　about it that time seems to be flying！It feels like you just get the holidays trappings_and__trimmings put

　　away

　　and it's time to get them out again. When we interviewed women for our book Love for Grown­ups,

　　we

　　discovered that as the holidays came to an end, women looked to the New Year with both anticipation and a bit of dread. How can you look at the New Year as a fresh start? Here are some ideas：

　　Keep your resolutions reasonable.

　　Sure, we all might want to put “lose ten pounds by Valentine's Day” on our

　　resolution list, but let's be practical here － the odds of that happening are probably pretty slim, but if you do achieve that

　　goal, good for you! Try thinking of more“life changing”resolutions like“try something new this year”or“get in touch

　　with friends from college” that kind of thing. The pounds will take care of themselves.

　　Use deadlines to help you do things you've put off. One woman we interviewed for our book told us

　　that she and her husband had been meaning to rewrite their wills for over three years and still hadn't gotten around to it.One of her friends finally said，“Use your wedding anniversary as the deadline for writing your wills.Tell yourselves you'll have it done before you celebrate.”And they did.

　　Look at the calendar and think ahead.When you get your calendar for 2017，think if there is something you'd like to do in，say，summer or fall，and plan ahead.If you've been trying to take the kids camping for two years but somehow it

　　never happens, this is the year to look ahead and say“let's go the second week in August”．If it turns out you have to move your trip，fine，but at least you've got it on the calendar!

　　Remember that the beginning of every year is a new，fresh start.You may not achieve all of your goals，but every little bit will help make this year even better than the last.

　　1．The underlined part“trappings and trimmings” in Paragraph 1 means “________”．

　　A．fruits

　　B．equipment

　　C．furniture

　　D．decorations

　　2．What's the author's proper advice on taking the kids camping?

　　A．You should do it in summer or fall.

　　B．You'd better plan for two years.

　　C．Your should get it on the calendar first.

　　D．You have to go the second week.

　　3．What could be the best title for the text?

　　A．Keep Your Determinations Reasonable

　　B．New Year，Same You—But Better

　　C．Use Deadlines to Help You Do Things

　　D．Look and Think Ahead

　　[文章大意]文章为说明文，介绍了新年规划以及如何落实的问题。

　　1．D。考查词义猜测。综合第一段第一、二句话可知，时间飞快，你刚把假日装饰收起，又到了把它们拿出来的时候了，故画线词意为“装饰物”。

　　2．C。考查细节理解。文章第四段提到“If it turns out you have to move your

　　trip，fine，but at least you've got it on the calendar”可知，不管会不会改变行程，首先要将计划记录在日历上。

　　3．B。考查主旨大意。A、C、D选项分别是对第二、三、四段的归纳，只有B项具有概括性。

　　B

　　A nation mourns the loss of its former leader, Nelson Mandela, who has died after a long illness. Mandela was born on July 18,1918. When Mandela was nine, he was sent to live with his father's friend, a wealthy clan chief.

　　In school, Mandela learned about his ancestors' struggles with discrimination. He later traveled to Johannesburg, where he studied law and opened the country's first black law practice. He also joined the African National Congress, a group that fought for racial equality.

　　In 1948, the government introduced apartheid, which left the country's nonwhite majority with few economic opportunities. In response, Mandela traveled throughout South Africa and encouraged people to take part in nonviolent demonstrations against the government's racial segregation policies. He was arrested for organizing antigovernment activities and eventually sentenced to life in prison. “I have cherished the ideal of a free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities，” he said. “If needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.” Mandela's imprisonment led to protests around the world and limits on trade against his country.

　　On February 11, 1990, South African president F．W. de Klerk released Mandela from prison, and the two worked together to end apartheid. Three years later, they won the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts.

　　In 1994, nonwhites were first allowed to vote in elections. Mandela was elected president by an overwhelming majority. Mandela stepped down as president in 1999. That same year, he created the Nelson Mandela's Children Fund, a charity that helps poor South African children. “Children are the wealth of our country，” he said.

　　Over the years, Mandela continued working to promote peace around the world. In 2007, he helped found The Elders, an organization of world leaders committed to ending conflicts and promoting human rights. “When you want to get a herd to move in a certain direction，” he said, “you stand at the back with a stick. Then a few of the more energetic cattle move to the front and the rest of the cattle follow. You are really guiding them from behind. That is how a leader should do his work.”

　　4. When Mandela was young, he ________.

　　A. struggled for the equal rights of nonwhites

　　B. was trained to become a clan chief

　　C. became the country's first lawyer

　　D. was brought up in Johannesburg

　　5. To fright against apartheid, Mandela called on people ________.

　　A. not to do business with the whites

　　B. to achieve equality in a peaceful way

　　C. to prepare to die for a free society

　　D. to join in antigovernment bravely

　　6. According to the text, Mandela ________.

　　A. asked children to create wealth for Africa

　　B. was forced to leave office in 1998

　　C. attached great importance to children

　　D. founded a charity with his Nobel Prize

　　7. What Mandela said in the last paragraph suggests that ________.

　　A. a leader should act as the energetic cattle in a herd

　　B. a leader should promote human rights by force

　　C. a leader should take the lead in ending conflicts

　　D. a leader should guide others in promoting peace

　　8. What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A. South Africa's first black president dies at 95.

　　B. Nelson Mandela works for peace all his life.

　　C. The first black president is a hero for the world.

　　D. Mandela won the first Nobel Peace Prize.

　　[文章大意]　本文主要介绍了纳尔逊·曼德拉的一生的事迹，以及他为南非黑人争取民权和自由，结束种族隔离制度而做出的贡献等。

　　4. A。细节理解题。结合第二段的He also joined the African National Congress, a group that fought for racial equality.可知，当他还年轻的时候，就投身于争取种族平等的斗争中了。

　　5. B。细节判断题。根据第三段的Mandela traveled throughout South Africa and encouraged people to take part in nonviolent demonstrations against the government's racial segregation policies.可知，他主张人们以和平非暴力的形式争取权利。

　　6. C。细节理解题。从倒数第二段的Children are the wealth of our country，” he said可知，他认为孩子们是国家的财富，因此表明他非常重视儿童。

　　7. D。推理判断题。根据最后一段的You are really guiding them from behind. That is how a leader should do his work.可知，他认为一个领导人应该从后面指导着人们争取和平，结束冲突等。

　　8. A。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了曼德拉的去世，以及对他的一生进行了简单的介绍的情况，提到了他为种族隔离制度的结束而奋斗，以及他的主张等等。

　　D

　　With more than 10,000 plants the 68ft“living wall” near Victoria station will collect rainwater which falls onto the roof of the building and use it to nourish the plants. The result will be an eye­catching garden which brightens up the popular tourist route, near the Rubens at the Palace Hotel, and stops it from flooding.

　　Containing more than 20 seasonal plant species, the wall required 16 tons of soil and will be capable of storing up to 10,000 litres of water. The project, backed by London Mayor Boris Johnson, was launched with the aim of dealing with a key environmental challenge in London.

　　According to the Environment Agency, there are around 534,000 properties in London on the Thames flood plain and one in four are at risk of flooding. This is partly due to the low absorbency of urban surfaces.

　　Matthew Pencharz, the Mayor's Advisor for Environment and Energy, said, “London has plenty of trees, parks, gardens and increasing numbers of living roofs, which can increase resilience(适应力) to extreme weather. The Mayor is encouraging more green programs like the living wall to make sure London can continue to compete, not only as the greenest city in Europe, but as the best city on the earth.”

　　A similar living wall was built in Islington in 2005 but ended in disappointment after the watering system failed and all the plants died.

　　At that time critics accused the council of wasting 100,000 of taxpayers' money on a “green extravagance (奢侈品)”. The Victoria project is believed to be the largest of its kind in the country.

　　Ruth Duston, CEO of Victoria BID, said，“Building the living wall has a long­term positive impact on the environment. It delivers a model of best practice for London.”

　　The flowers have been chosen to ensure the wall is in bloom all year round, attracting wildlife such as birds, butterflies and bees.

　　Armando Raish, managing director of Treebox, said，“Due to the variety of plants, we expect the living wall to significantly increase the number and variety of bugs and bees in this part of Victoria.”

　　1．The“living wall” was designed to ________.

　　A. display some unusual plants

　　B. prevent flooding when it rains

　　C. store rainwater for the citizens

　　D. attract more tourists to London

　　2．The underlined word“backed”in Paragraph 2 probably can be replaced by________.

　　A. criticizedB. constructed

　　C. supported

　　D. rejected

　　3．Why are 25% of the buildings on the Thames flood plain at risk of flooding?

　　A. Because the buildings are near the river.

　　B. Because it rains heavily all the year round.

　　C. Because there are few trees and plants in London.

　　D. Because the ground doesn't absorb much rainwater.

　　4．Which would be the best title of the text?

　　A. A Beautiful Garden City

　　B. London's Living Wall of Green

　　C. More Species in Central London

　　D. Creative Way to Fight Flooding

　　[文章大意]　在伦敦的维多利亚火车站附近建起了能种植万余株植物的墙体。在下大雨的时候，雨水可以用来浇这些植物，预防伦敦市区泛滥成灾。

　　1．B。考查细节理解。根据第一段的内容可知，这道种植植物的墙建在维多利亚火车站附近，目的是用雨水浇这些植物，预防伦敦市区泛滥成灾。

　　2．C。考查词义猜测。从第四段中伦敦市长顾问的话“The Mayor is encouraging more green programs like the living wall to make sure...”中可以推断出，市长对该项目的态度是支持的。画线的单词backed 意为“支持”，可被 supported 代替。criticize “批评”；construct“建造”；reject“拒绝”。

　　3．D。考查细节理解。根据第三段的内容可知，在伦敦市的泰晤士河的洪泛区，有大约534,000处房产，其中的四分之一面临被淹的危险。部分原因是城市地表的吸收能力低。

　　4．B。考查标题判断。本文向读者介绍了英国伦敦市治理雨水泛滥的新举措，建造一道种植植物的墙。故选B项。

　　C

　　Steve was blue collar；my collar was white.He was union；I was management.He worked with molten steel；I slaved over a hot word processor.He worked different shifts at different time.My job was strictly 9­to­5.However, we lived in the same neighborhood，and we went to the same church.I knew his family，and he knew mine.We could talk openly with each other，and we usually did.

　　One day I was taking some VIPs on a tour of the steel mill at which we were both employed and I saw him out by the blast furnace. He was covered with sweat and soot as he worked confidently just a few feet from metal, so hot that a

　　miscue(失误) would melt him, me and the tour van I was driving —instantly.

　　“I don't know how you do that，” I told him when I saw him at church the following Sunday. “It's so hot up there，even in the dead of winter. And if you make a mistake, people die. How do you handle the pressure？”

　　He scoffed at my question.

　　“It's no big deal，” he said.

　　“I've been doing this for years.

　　The furnace pretty much runs itself. I'm_just_there_for_the_ride.”

　　“Well, I'm glad it's you and not me，” I said. “I couldn't do what you do.”

　　A few weeks later, Steve and his crew came into the office to pick up some tickets for a football game the company was sponsoring. I was on a tight deadline to deliver some advertising copy, so after I greeted Steve, I returned to my computer to continue working while my staff took care of the tickets.

　　After a few minutes of tip­tip­tapping on my keyboard,

　　I had that funny,

　　awkward feeling that I had an audience.

　　I glanced up and saw Steve leaning against the wall，watching me.

　　“I don't know how you do that，”he said.“There's so much stuff going on up here.I don't know how you keep track of everything.And if you make a mistake，millions of people are going to hear it on the radio.How do you handle the pressure？”

　　I scoffed at his question，even though it sounded eerily familiar.“It's no big deal，”I said.“I've been doing this for years.Most of this stuff writes itself.I'm just here to make sure it all gets to the right places on time.”

　　“Well，I'm glad it's you and not me，”Steve said.“I couldn't do what you do.”

　　It wasn't until Steve left the office that I realized we had pretty much had the exact same conversation twice—once with regard to his work and once with regard to mine.Without even trying，Steve and I had stumbled on a simple fact of life in the workplace：it takes all kinds.

　　1．It can be learned from the first paragraph that Steve and the author________.

　　A．worked for different companies

　　B．had obviously different jobs

　　C．worked in shifts at different time

　　D．argued at times，but got along well

　　2．What does the underlined sentence mean?

　　A．No one could do this work except Steve.

　　B．Steve's job was a bit dangerous.

　　C．It was an easy job for Steve.

　　D．Steve was good at handling pressure.

　　3．Why was the author busy on his keyboard when Steve came for tickets?

　　A．He had to deliver sales reports.

　　B．He was engaged in an advertising copy.

　　C．He was organizing a football game.

　　D．He was on a tight deadline to create a report.

　　4．What could be the best title of the text?

　　A．It's No Big Deal

　　B．Every Man Has His Strengths

　　C．Make a Difference in Jobs

　　D．It Takes All Kinds

　　[文章大意]　作者通过讲述他与朋友在同一家公司上班的故事告诉读者一个简单的道理——社会需要各种各样的工作。

　　1．B。考查推理判断。 从第一段内容可知，史蒂夫与钢水打交道，作者与文字处理打交道，可见他们的工作明显不同。

　　2．C。 考查推理判断。 由第四段中的信息“It's no big deal” “I've been doing

　　this for years.The furnace pretty much runs itself.”可知，史蒂夫认为自己可以轻松驾驭这份工作。

　　3．B。考查细节理解。根据第六段中的信息“I was on a tight deadline to

　　deliver some advertising copy,

　　so

　　after I greeted

　　Steve,

　　I returned to my

　　computer to continue working”可知，作者忙于做广告文案。

　　4．D。考查推理判断。作者在最后一段对自己与Steve的两次对话进行了思考，认识到一个简单的事实：it takes all kinds(需要各种各样的工作)，所以最佳标题为D项。