2017届高考英语一轮模块复习学案：模块3.2《language》（解析版）

　　2017届高考英语一轮复习精品资料(译林牛津版)——模块三 Unit 2 (讲练篇)

　　Unit 2 Language

　　一、重点词汇

　　考点-1. occupy

　　【教材原句】Then two Germanic groups from the European mainland —the Angles and the Saxons— occupied Britain.(P22)然后，来自欧洲大陆的两个日耳曼部族——盎格鲁人和撒克逊人——占领了不列颠。

　　【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思

　　①The army has occupied the city.

　　②These activities occupied most of the student's time.

　　③How much memory does the program occupy?

　　④Chanel occupied herself with the fashion design and remained single all her life.

　　【答案】①占领该城市

　　②占去了这名学生大部分的时间

　　③这个程序占用多少内存?

　　④使自己忙于某事

　　【自主归纳】

　　occupy及物动词,意为“占领，占据；占用(时间、空间等)；使……忙于某事” 

　　occupy oneself with sth./occupy oneself in doing sth.

　　使自己忙于某事  

　　be occupied with sth./be occupied in doing sth.

　　忙于做某事 

　　occupation n.

　　占领；职业，工作

　　【即时巩固】根据汉语句子完成句子

　　①罢工的办公室工作人员占据了整座建筑物。

　　The striking office workers _________________________..

　　②阅读占据了我大部分的空闲时间。

　　Reading ___________________________.

　　③我一直忙于读书。

　　I ______________________in reading books.

　　【答案】① have occupied the whole building

　　②occupies most of my free time

　　③have been occupied

　　考点-2. contribution

　　【教材原句】①The most important contribution was from the Normans，a Frenchspeaking people who defeated England and took control of the country in 1066.(P22)最大的贡献来自于讲法语的诺曼人，他们在1066年打败并统治了英格兰。

　　②Old French made contribution to Middle English as well.(P23)古法语也为中古英语作出了其他贡献。

　　【例句研读】翻译句子

　　①Robert's contribution should also be remembered.

　　②You have made great contributions to our firm.

　　③She has contributed several poems to magazines.

　　④Does smoking contribute to lung cancer?

　　【答案】①罗伯特的贡献同样应该久记不忘。

　　②你为公司做出了很大贡献。

　　③她给刊物投了几首诗稿。

　　④吸烟会导致肺癌吗？

　　【自主归纳】

　　对……作出贡献make contributions to (toward)

　　向……捐献(投稿)contribute...to...

　　促成；起作用；有助于，导致contribute to...

　　导致：lead to/result in

　　This resulted in even more words with similar meanings，such as answer (from Old English)and reply (from Old French). (教材原句P23)这使英语产生了更多意思相近的词语，如answer(源自古英语)和reply(源自古法语)。

　　【即时巩固】单项选择题

　　①A proper amount of exercise

　　good health.

　　A. results from

　　B. contributes to

　　C. attends to

　　D. devotes to

　　②He

　　all his time and energy to his work.

　　A. spent

　　B. cost

　　C. contributed

　　D. combined

　　考点-3. replace

　　【教材原句】However, the Norman Conquest did not affect English as much as the Angles and the Saxons' Victory about 600 years earlier, which led to Old English replacing Celtic. (P23)然而，诺尔曼征服对英语的影响不及约600年前盎格鲁人和撒克逊人的胜利对英语的影响，那场胜利导致古英语代替了凯尔特语。

　　【例句研读】翻译下列句子

　　①Have you found anyone to replace me yet?

　　②She carefully replaced the china plate on the shelf.

　　③Email has largely replaced the traditional business letter.

　　④I think that the theatre will be replaced by the cinema.

　　⑤I'll replace the cup I have broken with a new one.

　　⑥No one could take her mother's place in her mind.

　　⑦Who will take the place of Mr.Smith?

　　⑧He sent his son to accept the award in his place/in place of him.

　　【答案】①你们找到人来代替我了吗？

　　②她小心翼翼地把瓷盘子放回到架子上。

　　③电子邮件已在很大程度上取代了传统的商务书信。

　　④我认为剧院将由电影院取而代之。

　　⑤我将用一只新杯子赔偿被我打碎的那只。

　　⑥没有人可以取代她母亲在她心目中的地位。

　　⑦谁将取代史密斯先生的位置呢？

　　⑧他派了他儿子代他前来领奖。

　　【自主归纳】

　　replace 及物动词。意为：代替。 

　　replace A with/ by B 用B取代A

　　replace sb./ sth = take the place of sb./ sth 是动词词组，意为：代替某人或某物。

　　in one’s place = in place of sb = instead of sb. 是介词词组，意思也是代替某人或某物

　　【即时巩固】单项选择

　　①—What do you think of store shopping in the future？

　　—Personally，I think it will exist along with home shopping but _______.

　　A. will never replace

　　B. would never replace

　　C. will never be replaced

　　D. would never be replaced

　　②He will _______ our class to sing at the school singing contest.

　　A. take place of

　　B. stand for

　　C. represent

　　D. representative of

　　【答案】C

　　重点词汇-4.raise

　　【教材原句】①After the Norman Conquest，many English people worked as servants who raised animals.(P23)

　　诺曼征服之后，很多英国人沦为诺曼人的仆人，他们为诺曼人饲养牲畜。

　　②Therefore, the words we use for most animals raised for food, such as cow, sheep and pig, came

　　from Old English. (P23)所以，我们现在所用的大多数表示专为肉食而饲养的动物的单词都是

　　从古英语来的，如cow (母牛), sheep (羊), pig(猪)。

　　【例句研读】根据汉语句子完成英语句子

　　①我是在农场由姨妈抚养大的。

　　I

　　by my aunt on a farm.

　　②他们想为绿色希望工程募集资金。

　　They wanted to

　　for Project Green Hope.

　　③那阵风把庭院中的落叶刮了起来。

　　The wind

　　from the garden.

　　④他不得不努力工作以养家。

　　He has to work hard to

　　.

　　⑤那里的农民主要种植小麦和玉米。

　　Peasants there mainly

　　.

　　【答案】①was raised

　　②raise money

　　③raised the fallen leaves

　　④raise his family

　　⑤raise wheat and corn

　　【自主归纳】

　　raise/rise辨析

　　raise是及物动词，可用于被动语态，表示“提高，举起，抚养，筹募”，可指工资、数量、价格、容量、地位等增长、增加、上涨、加大、提高等。raise的过去式和过去分词均为raised。

　　rise是不及物动词，使用范围较广，可指太阳、月亮、物价、数量、地位、河水等升起、增长、上升、发源，还可指人“起床、起立”等。rise的过去式为rose，过去分词为risen。

　　①I am always wondering how you manage to

　　four children on such a small income.

　　②My spirit

　　when I heard the good news that I would be given a chance to study abroad.

　　③In order to make everyone hear me clearly，I had to

　　my voice.

　　【答案】①raise　②rose　③raise

　　【即时巩固】单项选择题

　　①Having heard the unfair conditions, the angry man ________ from the chair, ________ his voice.

　　A. raised; raising

　　B. rose; raising

　　C. raised; rising

　　D. rose; rising

　　②—What is the price of petrol these days?

　　—Oh, it________sharply since last month.

　　A. is raised

　　B. has risen

　　C. has arisen

　　D. is increased

　　考点-5. concern

　　【教材原句】King Henry Ⅶ was a poet who showed great concern for language. (P29)

　　国王亨利七世是一位诗人，对语言特别感兴趣。

　　【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思

　　①The quality of the book was of great concern to the Kichters.

　　②Everyone who was directly concerned in the incident has been questioned.

　　③This is a company that is concerned with the defence industry.

　　④He's a good student as far as his achievement is concerned.

　　⑤I'm concerned for her safety.

　　【答案】①Kichter夫妇最关心的问题

　　②与该事件有直接牵连

　　③与国防工业相关

　　④就他的成绩来说

　　⑤我挂念着她的安全。

　　【自主归纳】

　　① concern 可以用作名词，意为：关心；忧虑。常用于：

　　It is no concern of mine/yours.　

　　这不关我/你的事。

　　show/express concern about/for

　　对……表示关心/担心

　　② concern 也可以用作动词，意为：涉及；使担忧；对……感兴趣。常用于：

　　as/so far as ... be concerned

　　就……而言；依……之见

　　be concerned about/for sth.

　　担心……；关心……

　　concern oneself about/for

　　担心……；关心……

　　be concerned in/with

　　与……有关

　　be concerned over/at sth.

　　为某事忧虑

　　③ concerning 词性：prep.

　　意为：关于

　　【即时巩固】单项选择题

　　①This novel was concerned

　　the Second World War，while most teenagers are more concerned

　　the hero's love story.

　　A. with；for

　　B. with；with

　　C. for；about

　　D. about；with

　　②______ with the theft，he was forced to leave the company.

　　A. Concerned

　　B. Being concerned

　　C. Having concerned D. Concerning

　　考点-6. ban

　　【教材原句】At one time the department banned some‘borrowed words’ from English，including ‘weekend’ and

　　‘email’. (P29)这个部门一度废除了来自英语的“借用词”，包括“weekend”和“email”。

　　【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子

　　①Chemical weapons are banned internationally.

　　国际上

　　化学武器。

　　②There is to be a total ban on smoking in the office.

　　办公室将彻底

　　。

　　③He was banned from the meeting.

　　他

　　资格。

　　④She's been banned from leaving Greece while the allegations are investigated.

　　在对那些指控进行调查期间，她

　　希腊。

　　⑤The local government has imposed a ban on import.

　　当地政府颁布了进口的

　　。

　　【答案】①国际上禁止使用化学武器。

　　②办公室将彻底禁止吸烟。

　　③他被取消了出席会议的资格。

　　④在对那些指控进行调查期间，她被禁止离开希腊。

　　⑤当地政府颁布了进口的禁令。

　　【自主归纳】

　　ban sth.禁止……，取缔……

　　ban sb.from sth.禁止某人得到……，禁止某人去……

　　ban sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事

　　impose/lift a ban(on sth.)颁布/解除(对……的)禁令

　　“禁止……做……”表达法聚焦

　　forbid...from doing sth.(上级对下级，长辈对晚辈)

　　forbid...to do sth.(上级对下级，长辈对晚辈)

　　forbid sb.'s doing sth.(上级对下级，长辈对晚辈)

　　ban...from doing sth.(用法律、舆论等禁止)

　　prohibit...from doing sth.(用法律、规则等禁止)

　　【即时巩固】完成句子

　　①他被禁止开车一年。

　　He

　　for a year.

　　②楼内禁止吸烟。

　　Smoking

　　.

　　③剧院内禁止吸烟。

　　There is

　　in theatres.

　　【答案】①was banned from driving ②is banned in this building ③a ban on smoking

　　考点-7. unique

　　【教材原句】French people supported this because they wanted to keep their language pure and unique.(P29)

　　法国人支持这一点因为他们想保持他们语言纯净和独特。

　　【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子

　　①Beethoven's symphony is unique in music.

　　贝多芬的交响曲在音乐中

　　。

　　②Her style of writing is rather unique.

　　她的写作风格

　　。

　　③The custom is unique to the region.

　　这种风俗

　　。

　　④Its magnificent proportions make this palace unique among the buildings of the world.

　　这座宫殿完美匀称的比例使它在世界建筑中

　　。

　　【答案】①贝多芬的交响曲在音乐中是无与伦比的。

　　②她的写作风格很不寻常。

　　③这种风俗是这一地区特有的。

　　④这座宫殿完美匀称的比例使它在世界建筑中是独一无二的。

　　【自主归纳】

　　只有……才有的unique to

　　make ...unique使……独特

　　a unique opportunity 极难得的机会 

　　a unique product 独家产品

　　new and unique 新颖 

　　【即时巩固】完成句子

　　①四个向外伸出的窗户使这个房子独具特色。

　　Four pendent windows

　　.

　　②我们已想出了一个新颖的方法，使我们独特于他人。

　　We have come up with a

　　approach,

　　.

　　③我将给你提供一个独特的机会去体验美妙的音乐！

　　I’ll offer you

　　to experience some amazing music!

　　④这种猴子是该岛所独有的。

　　This monkey is

　　.

　　考点-8. access

　　【教材原句】Today, the spread of ‘borrowed words’ is mostly due to the easily accessed Internet and television programmes from across the world. (P29)

　　现在，外来词的蔓延主要归因于因特网的便利使用以及来自世界各地的电视节目。

　　【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子

　　①Students must have access to good resources.

　　学生必须

　　好的资源。

　　②You need a password to get access to the computer system.

　　需要密码。

　　③The island is accessible only by boat.

　　只有乘船才能

　　。

　　④Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.

　　药品不应该放在

　　。

　　⑤The police gained access to the house through a broken window.

　　警察从一扇破窗户

　　。

　　【答案】①学生必须有机会使用好的资源。

　　②使用这个计算机系统需要密码。

　　③只有乘船才能到达该岛。

　　④药品不应该放在儿童容易拿到的地方。

　　⑤警察从一扇破窗户进入了那幢房子。

　　【自主归纳】

　　access 名词，接近；使用；到达；进入; (使用或见到的)机会，权力；通道，入口，常与介词to搭配使用。

　　have access to

　　能够使用/见到/享有……

　　have/get/gain/obtain access to

　　得以接近，得以进入

　　accessible adj.

　　可接近的，可进入的；容易理解的

　　be accessible to

　　容易得到的；可使用的

　　accessible 与available的区别

　　描述人 描述地点 描述物体

　　accessible 平易近人的，容易接近的，随和的 可进入的 易得到的；可使用的

　　available 有空的，能找到的 为了参观而准备好的 现成的，准备好的，可使用的

　　【即时巩固】单项选择题

　　①(2009高考浙江卷)The system has been designed to give students quick and easy ______ to the digital resources of the library.

　　A. access

　　B. passage

　　C. way

　　D. approach

　　②(2009高考江西卷)Frank put the mediocre in the top drawer to make sure it would not be _______

　　to the kids.

　　A. accessible

　　B. relative

　　C. acceptable

　　D. sensitive

　　③(2017高考福建卷) — Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind?

　　— Sorry. I returned it to the library just now. Maybe it is still ________.

　　A. available

　　B. affordable

　　C. acceptable

　　D. valuable

　　【答案】A

　　考点-9. distinguish

　　【教材原句】It is easy to distinguish their meanings by looking at them,… .(P38)

　　只要看它们（的字形），就可以很容易区别它们的意思。

　　【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子

　　①Speeches distinguish human beings from animals.

　　人类和动物的

　　。

　　②People who cannot distinguish between colours are said to be colourblind.

　　谓之色盲。

　　③Young men sometimes can't distinguish between fantasy and reality.

　　年轻人有时不能

　　。

　　④He distinguished himself by his courage.

　　他

　　。

　　⑤The scientist is distinguished in many fields of knowledge.

　　这位科学家在许多知识领域中都是

　　。

　　⑥She has already distinguished herself as an athlete.

　　作为一个运动员她

　　。

　　【答案】①人类和动物的区别在于人会说话。

　　②不能辨别颜色的人谓之色盲。

　　③年轻人有时不能区分幻想与现实。

　　④他因英勇而扬名。

　　⑤这位科学家在许多知识领域中都是杰出的。

　　⑥作为一个运动员她使得自己很杰出。

　　【自主归纳】

　　distinguish 动词。意为：“区别，辨别；使杰出”

　　①distinguish between A and B

　　区分A和B 

　　②distinguish. A from B

　　区分A和B

　　③distinguish oneself as...

　　使某人作为……而很杰出

　　【即时巩固】单项选择题

　　①The man who hit 9 people in a row had drunk so much that his mind could no longer ________ between fantasy and reality.

　　A. distinguish

　　B. discourage

　　C. disturb

　　D. disappear

　　②(2009高考湖北卷)Some parents are just too protective. They want to ______ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.

　　A. spot

　　B. dismiss

　　C. shelter

　　D. distinguish

　　考点-10. convenient

　　【教材原句】The whole system was not convenient for use. (P39)整个系统使用起来非常不方便。

　　【例句研读】翻译下列句子

　　①If it is convenient for(to) you, we’ll come tomorrow.

　　②I think it (is) convenient to leave at once.

　　③Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow?

　　④Please call me back at your convenience.

　　【答案】①如果你方便的话，我们就明天来吧。

　　②我认为马上离开较适合。

　　③明天就开始工作你觉得方便吗?

　　④请你方便的时候回个电话给我。

　　【自主归纳】

　　convenient形容词，一般不用来修饰人，常用来指物。作表语时，后接动词不定式的主动形式。

　　be convenient for sb. to do sth.

　　if it is convenient for sb.

　　如果某人方便的话

　　at one’s convenience

　　在某人方便的时候

　　【即时巩固】单项选择题

　　①(2017高考天津卷)The secretary arranged a(n)___________time and space for the applicants to have an interview.

　　A. important

　　B. spare

　　C. public

　　D. convenient

　　②The new house I have bought is very ________ for me, as I can get to the supermarket to buy some everyday goods in five minutes.

　　A. adaptable

　　B. available

　　C. comfortable

　　D. convenient

　　③If you are _______ this afternoon, I would like you to accompany me to me shopping mall and help me choose some clothes.

　　A. accessible

　　B. convenient

　　C. available

　　D. voluntary

　　考点-11. create

　　【教材原句】At the age of fifteen, he created a system with patterns of six raised dots representing each letter. (P39)15岁时，他创造出了可以由6个凸点表示字母的体系。

　　【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思

　　①It is people who create the history.

　　②The announcement only succeeded in creating confusion.

　　③Thomas Edison invented a lot of useful things all his life.

　　④Who do you know it was that discovered America?

　　【答案】①创造了历史

　　②引起/造成了混乱

　　③发明了许多有用的东西

　　④发现了美洲

　　【自主归纳】

　　create vt. 创造，建立；引起，造成→creation n．制造，创造；创造物，产物；→creativity n. 创造力，创造→creative adj. 创造性的，有创造力的；有创意的，创新的，创造的

　　create, discover与invent的区别：

　　create指有意识地进行“创造”，从而产生出与众不同的事物；

　　discover指“发现”已经存在的事物，意思与find相近；

　　invent指通过想象“发明”出本来世上不存在的东西，尤指科技发明。

　　I

　　an unopened letter in the drawer.

　　Who

　　the telephone?

　　Shakespeare

　　many famous characters.

　　【答案】discovered

　　invented

　　created

　　【即时巩固】单项选择题

　　①—By using the DNA from a dinosaur fossil, we might someday

　　a living one.

　　—That sounds crazy. Dinosaurs disappeared millions of years ago, you know.

　　A. discover

　　B. make

　　C. create

　　D. raise

　　②Once we ______ a mistake, we should not ignore it but correct it immediately, to

　　better conditions for economic development.

　　A. invent, create

　　B. discover, invent

　　C. create, invent

　　D. discover, create

　　考点-12. stand for

　　【教材原句】This stands for a big smile. (P21) 这代表着灿烂的笑容。

　　【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子

　　①People usually eat moon-cakes which stand for a happy reunion.

　　人们常常吃

　　的月饼.

　　②Red stands out against a white background.

　　在白底上红色显得

　　。

　　③Bill is too weak to stand up for his own rights.

　　比尔太软弱，竟不敢起来

　　。

　　④How can you stand by and let him treat his dog like that?他那样虐待他那只狗，你怎么能

　　呢？

　　⑤I'll stand by you whatever happens.无论什么事，我都会

　　。

　　【答案】①人们常常吃象征团圆的月饼。

　　②在白底上红色显得特别醒目。

　　③比尔太软弱，竟不敢起来维护自己的权利。

　　④他那样虐待他那只狗，你怎么能袖手旁观呢？

　　⑤无论什么事，我都会支持你。

　　【自主归纳】

　　stand for 意为：“代表，象征；主张，支持”

　　袖手旁观，支持/帮助/忠于(某人)

　　stand by (sb.)

　　突出，显眼；出色，杰出，脱颖而出，出类拔萃

　　stand out

　　支持，拥护，维护

　　stand up for

　　stand still ＝ stay still

　　站着不动

　　【即时巩固】单项选择题

　　①“Judging the voice, and not the appearance” makes the show—The Voice of China _______from the numerous other reality shows in China.

　　A. knock off

　　B. stand out

　　C. take on

　　D. get through

　　②She grew up on the highland, which may explain her strong heart and breathing ability , but what really makes her

　　is perseverance.

　　A. stand by

　　B. stand out

　　C. stand up for

　　D．stand for

　　考点-13. consist of/be made up of

　　【教材原句】①Old English consisted of a mixture of their languages.(P22)古英语包含他们的语言的混合体。

　　②The English language is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to

　　Britain.(P22)英语是由这些人带到英国的语法和词汇构成的语言。

　　【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子

　　①This club consists of/is made up more than 300 members.

　　这个俱乐部

　　。

　　②He is reading a book consisting of many chapters.

　　他正在读一本

　　书。

　　③Tolerance consists in respecting the opinions of others.

　　宽容

　　尊重别人的意见。

　　④His statement doesn't consist with the fact.

　　他的陈述

　　。

　　⑤The province has over two million farmers, making up two thirds of the total population of the province.

　　该省有两百多万农民，

　　该省的总人口数的三分之二。

　　【答案】①这个俱乐部由300位以上的会员组成。

　　②他正在读一本由许多章节组成的书。

　　③宽容在于尊重别人的意见。

　　④他的陈述与事实不符。

　　⑤该省有两百多万农民，占了该省的总人口数的三分之二。

　　【自主归纳】

　　consist of意为：“由……组成，由……构成”，一般不用于进行时，通常也不用于被动语态， 相当

　　于be made up of。

　　consist in

　　存在于，在于

　　consist with

　　与 …… 一致；符合

　　make up

　　组成，编造，弥补，化装

　　【即时巩固】用上述词组的恰当形式填空

　　①水由氢元素和氧元素构成。

　　Water

　　hydrogen and oxygen.

　　②这是面粉和水的混合物。

　　This is a mixture

　　flour and water.

　　③一国之幸福以其全民之自由为首要。

　　The happiness of a country

　　the freedom of its citizens.

　　④理论应与实践相一致。

　　Theory should

　　.

　　⑤在一些语言中，100个单词就占了日常会话中所使用单词的一半。

　　In some languages,100 words

　　half of all words used in daily conversations.

　　⑥五个医生和五个护士组成了这支医疗队。

　　Five doctors and five nurses

　　this medical team.

　　考点-14. aside from

　　【教材原句】Aside from place names such as London, very few Celtic words became part of Old English. (P22)

　　除了像伦敦这样的地名外，极少数的凯尔特单词成了古英语的一部分。

　　【例句研读】写出下列句中划线部分的同意词或短语

　　①This essay is good apart from a couple of spelling mistakes.

　　②Aside from some helpful tips，the book also contains a guide to the city’s hotels.

　　【答案】①except for ②Besides/ In addition to

　　【自主归纳】

　　aside from＝apart from除……之外.据上文的不同，可以分别相当于besides，except或except for。

　　besides＝in addition to除……之外 (还，也)

　　except for除……之外；除去(其后所跟的词往往与前面的不是同一类的，是指整体中除去的一个细节或某一方面。

　　【即时巩固】单项选择题

　　①I hardly watch any television，________ news and current affairs．

　　A. but for

　　B. aside from

　　C. except

　　D. aside

　　②Everything was perfect for the picnic ________the weather.

　　A. in place of

　　B. as well as

　　C. except for

　　D. in case of

　　考点-15. differ from

　　【教材原句】The Chinese language differs from Western languages in that, instead of an alphabet, it uses characters which stand for ideas, objects or deeds. (P38)汉语与西方语言不同，区别在于它不使用字母，而是用汉字表示思想、物体和行为。

　　【例句研读】翻译下列句子

　　①His views differ from those of his parents. = His views are different from those of his parents.

　　②People differ from one another in their ability to handle stress.

　　③He differs with me about/on/over when to go for a picnic.

　　④Your age shouldn't make any difference to whether you get the job or not.

　　⑤Can you tell the difference between an ape(猿) and a monkey?

　　【答案】①他的观点与他父母的不同。

　　②人们在处理压力的能力方面各不相同。

　　③在什么时候去野炊这个问题上，他和我持有不同的看法。

　　④你能否得到这工作应该与你的年龄无关。

　　⑤你能区分猿和猴吗?

　　【自主归纳】

　　A differs from B= A is different from B

　　A区别于B；A和B不同

　　differ in ...

　　在……方面(如大小、颜色、价格、兴趣等)不同  

　　differ with sb. about/on/over sth.

　　在某事上与某人意见相左，持不同看法

　　difference n.

　　不同，差异，分歧

　　tell the difference between A and B(＝tell A from B)区别A与B

　　make a difference

　　起作用；发生影响

　　make no difference

　　不起作用，没有影响

　　联系本单元所讲的重点词汇distinguish

　　【即时巩固】完成句子

　　①他认为他与其他人没什么两样。

　　He thought he

　　anybody else.

　　②这个节目是关于全国各地的风俗习惯的。

　　The programme was about customs

　　parts of the country.

　　③你今天去也好，明天去也好，关系不大。

　　It won't

　　you go today

　　tomorrow.

　　④他的长相和几个兄弟不同。

　　He differs

　　his brothers

　　looks.

　　【答案】①was not different from

　　②in different

　　③make much difference whether；or

　　④from；in

　　考点-16. as a whole

　　【教材原句】However, as a whole, the characters have developed from drawings into standard forms. (P38)

　　不过，总的来说，汉字从图画发展成了标准形式。

　　【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子

　　①We must consider these matters as a whole.

　　我们必须

　　这些事情。

　　②Is the collection going to be divided up or sold as a whole？

　　这批收藏品是零卖还是

　　？

　　③On the whole we have the same opinions.

　　我们的意见是一样的。

　　④I wholly agree with you.

　　我

　　你的话。

　　⑤I have finished the work in whole.

　　我

　　这项工作。

　　【答案】①我们必须全盘来考虑这些事情。

　　②这批收藏品是零卖还是一起卖？

　　③大体上我们的意见是一样的。

　　④我完全同意你的话。

　　⑤我全部完成了这项工作。

　　【自主归纳】

　　as a whole作为整体；总的说来(generally speaking)；就全体而论；概括起来

　　on the whole大体上

　　in whole全部

　　wholly完整地，整个地

　　the whole of the year/month

　　整整一年/月

　　【即时巩固】单项选择题

　　①There are some areas of poverty，but the country，________，is fairly prosperous.

　　A. as a whole

　　B. at the whole

　　C. as the whole

　　D. on a whole

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】as a whole总的来说，作为一个整体。

　　②(2017高考浙江卷)It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner. ______, I’ll set the table.

　　A. As a result

　　B. On the whole

　　C. In the meanwhile

　　D. As a matter of fact

　　二、经典句型

　　考点-1. 对谓语动词强调的句型

　　【教材原句】On the other hand, the English language did borrow many words from French. (P23)

　　另一方面，英语也确实借用了很多法语单词。

　　【句法分析】句中did borrow为borrowed这个谓语动词的强调形式。

　　【考点聚焦】对谓语动词的强调，此考点属于高考的冷点。It is/ was … that …结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，要用助动词do/does或did。有以下三种情况：

　　①do用于对肯定的祈使句的强调以及对实义动词为一般现在时肯定句(除主语是第三人称单

　　数)的强调

　　Do sit down.务必请坐。

　　Do be careful when you cross the street.过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！

　　They do work hard at maths.他们对数学的学习确实很努力。

　　②does用于对实义动词为一般现在时肯定句，且主语是第三人称单数的强调

　　He does send an email to me every day.他确实每天都给我发电子邮件。

　　③did用于对实义动词为一般过去时肯定句的强调

　　He did do his homework yesterday.昨天他确实做了家庭作业。

　　【即时巩固】句型转换

　　①He really finished his homework before you got home.

　　He

　　his homework before you got home.

　　【答案】did finish

　　②Surely, she comes to school very early every day.

　　He

　　to school very early every day.

　　【答案】does come

　　考点-2. while引导的从句

　　【教材原句】After the Norman Conquest, upper class people spoke French while common people spoke English. (P23)诺尔曼征服后，上流社会的人讲法语而普通老百姓讲英语。

　　【句法分析】句中while为并列连词，表示前后两种情况的对比。

　　【考点聚焦】①while还可作为从属连词，意为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句。此时从句中动词必须是延续性动词或表示状态的动词，侧重主句动作和从句动作的同时进行。

　　②while作从属连词，意为“虽然，尽管”，相当于although，引导让步状语从句。

　　【即时巩固】单项选择题

　　①(2003高考课标卷Ⅰ)There’s no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery

　　another man, also intelligent, fails.

　　A. since

　　B. if

　　C. as

　　D. while

　　②_______ I admit that the problem is difficult, I don’t think that they can’t be solved.

　　A. While

　　B. Since

　　C. Before

　　D. Unless

　　③_______ she was in Paris, she developed a taste for fine art.

　　A. Although

　　B. While

　　C. Because

　　D. If

　　考点-3. It is certain that…句型

　　【教材原句】It is certain that this process will continue, and people will keep inventing new words and new ways of saying things.(P23)

　　可以肯定的是，这一变化过程将会继续，人们将会不断地发明新的单词和新的表达方式。

　　【句法分析】该句型意为：肯定，一定，可以肯定的是。由于主语是一个从句，比较长，这种情况下，经常用it做形式主语，而将主语从句放到后面去。

　　【考点聚焦】①sb./sth. is certain to…

　　②Certainly sb./sth....

　　③What is certain is that sb./sth. ....。

　　④It is certain that… 和What is certain is that … 句型结构中的certain不能换成sure.

　　【即时巩固】句型转换

　　It is certain that free medical care will be given to most people in our city.

　　①Free medical care_____ ______ _______ ______ ______to most people in our city.

　　②__________free medical care______ ______ ______to most people in our city.

　　③_______ ______ _______ _______ ______free medical care will be given most people in our city.

　　考点-4.部分否定的表达形式

　　【教材原句】Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects. (P38)

　　并不是所有的汉字都从物体的图画演变而来。

　　【句法分析】该句是一个部分否定的句子，可以改为：All characters were not developed from drawings of objects.

　　【考点聚焦】部分否定：not both.../both...not... 两者并不都是……

　　not every... /every...not 并不是每一个都……

　　not all…/ all...not

　　并不是所有的都……

　　全部否定：neither

　　两者都不……

　　no-+body/one/thing

　　没有人/没有东西(事情)

　　none

　　一个也不……

　　【即时巩固】单项选择题

　　①(2017高考陕西卷)Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost______ of her enthusiasm for life.

　　A. some

　　B. neither

　　C. none

　　D. all

　　②(2017高考课标卷II) It's an either—or situation — we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do

　　.

　　A. others

　　B. either

　　C. another

　　D. both

　　③ (2011高考辽宁卷)—Would you like tea or coffee?

　　—______, thank you. I’ve just had some water.

　　A. Either

　　B. Both

　　C. Any

　　D. Neither

　　④ —Is this book interesting?

　　—Yes, but I'm sure it won't interest__________.

　　A. everybody

　　B. anybody

　　C. nobody

　　D. somebody

　　考点-5. be of +抽象名词

　　【教材原句】While the students found the soldier’s idea interesting, the system was too difficult to be of practical use.(P39)虽然学生们发现这个士兵的主意很有趣，但这个系统太复杂没有实用性。

　　【句法分析】本句是主从复合句，其中while的意思是“虽然”，引导一个让步状语从句。be of practical use“实用的”。be of +抽象名词相当于be +形容词，常用作表语。

　　【考点聚焦】在be of +抽象名词这个结构中，常用的名词除了use还有importance, value等。

　　【即时巩固】根据汉语提示，完成句子。

　　①To a small and faraway town like this, a car accident is always considered ______interest, so people soon gathered around．

　　A. of

　　B. as

　　C. by

　　D. in

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】of+抽象名词”相当于形容词，此处of interest 相当于形容词interesting

　　②It is said that ______ wool produced in Australia is of ______ high quality.

　　A .不填; 不填

　　B. the; 不填

　　C. the; a

　　D. the; the