2017年高考英语考前阅读、完型与写作（命题揭秘）之书面表达：思路点拨（含解析）

　　如果把文章比作成一座大厦，那么适当的词汇量和基本的句型等就是砖瓦等，这些都离不开平时的积累。如果这些基础的东西不具备，优美的作文只能是空中楼阁，毫无现实意义。因此，除了平时注意实际的词汇积累外，还要学会基本句型的使用方法，具体都哪些基本句型必须会被涉及到的呢？在这里我们梳理了一下，大概有五本基本句型是高考作文中所必考的，以便大家参考使用。

　　五大基本句型：

　　基本句型1　主谓结构

　　此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

　　【巩固练习1】

　　1．她昨天晚上回家很晚。

　　2．会议将持续两个小时。

　　3．在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大变化。

　　4．每天八点开始上课。

　　5．这个盒子重五公斤。

　　【答案】　

　　1..She went home very late yesterday evening.

　　2. The meeting will last two hours.

　　3. Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years.

　　4. Classes begin at eight every day.

　　5. This box weighs five kilos.

　　主语可有修饰语—定语，谓语可有修饰语—状语。如：

　　1. The red sun rises in the east.

　　2. So they had to travel by air or boat.

　　3. We got up early so as to catch the first bus.

　　4. She sat there alone，reading a novel.

　　5. He came back when we were eating.

　　【巩固练习2】

　　6. 会议有可能开两个半小时。

　　7. 我所就读的学校坐落在那个美丽的湖边。

　　8. 她盼望已久的机会终于到来了。

　　9. 他把书放在书包里，而书包却找不到了。

　　10. 正在睡觉的婴儿笑了。

　　【答案】　

　　6. he meeting will last two and a half hours.

　　7. The school where I study lies by the beautiful lake.

　　8. The chance which she wanted to get for a long time came at last.

　　9. He put the books in the schoolbag，but the schoolbag disappeared.

　　10. The sleeping baby smiles.

　　基本句型2　主系表结构

　　本结构是由主语＋系动词＋表语组成，主要用以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。系动词有：

　　1. 表示特征和存在状态的 be，seem，feel，appear，look，smell，taste，sound。

　　2. 表示状态延续的 remain，stay，keep，continue，stand。

　　3. 表示状态变化的

　　become，get，turn，go，run，fall，come，grow。

　　Our English teacher is thirty years old.

　　The cake tastes delicious.

　　We feel used to living in big cities.

　　The potatoes went bad in the fields.

　　Their boss seems satisfied with the work.

　　【巩固练习】

　　1. 冬季白天短，夜晚长。

　　2. 十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。

　　3. 孩子们很少保持安静。

　　4. 她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。

　　5. 这个报告听起来很有意思。

　　【答案】　

　　1. In winter，the days are short and the nights are long.

　　2. At the age of fifteen，he became a famous pianist.

　　3. Children seldom keep quiet.

　　4. Her job is to look after the children in the nursery.

　　5. The report sounds interesting.

　　主系表句型的几个特例：

　　1. As in China，the weather is different from area to area.

　　2. We are greatly surprised to meet him there.

　　3. It is not a good idea to spend your vacation with strangers.

　　4. It is kind of you to say so.

　　5. It is not easy for them to go there by bike.

　　基本句型3　主谓宾结构

　　本结构是由主语＋及物的谓语动词＋宾语构成。 宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。如：1. Tom made a hole in the wall.

　　2. I don't know if he can come tomorrow.

　　3. They haven't decided where to go next.

　　4. She stopped teaching English two years ago.

　　5. It took them ten years to build the dam.

　　【巩固练习】

　　1. 这本书他读过多次了。

　　2. 他们成功地完成了计划。

　　3. 那位先生能流利地说三种语言。

　　4. 我们大家都相信Jack 是一个诚实男孩。

　　5. 他不知道说什么好。

　　【答案】　

　　1.He has read this book many times.

　　2.They have carried out the plan successfully.

　　3. That gentleman can speak three languages fluently.

　　4. All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy.

　　5. He did not know what to say.

　　基本句型4　双宾语结构

　　说明：此结构由“主语＋及物的谓语动词＋间接宾语(人)＋直接宾语(事物)”组成。如：

　　He brings me cookies every day.

　　但若要先说出直接宾语(事物)，后说间接宾语(人)，则要借助于介词to或for。如：

　　He brings cookies to me every day.

　　She made a beautiful dress for me.

　　用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。

　　用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。

　　常跟双宾语的动词有：(需借助to的)bring，give，lend，hand，offer，pass，pay，promise，return，send，show，teach，tell，write，ask等；(需借助for 的) buy，call，cook，choose，draw，find，get，make，order，sing，save，spare等。

　　【巩固练习】

　　1. 奶奶昨晚给我讲了一个有趣的故事。

　　2. 请把那本字典递给我好吗？

　　3. 我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？

　　4. 新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。

　　5. 他用他的第一个月工资给他妈妈买了一件毛衣。

　　【答案】

　　1. Grandma told me an interesting story last night.

　　2. Would you please pass me the dictionary?

　　3. Shall I call you a taxi?

　　4. The new machine will save you a lot of labour.

　　5. He bought a new coat for his mother with his first month's salary.

　　基本句型5　复合宾语结构

　　说明： 此结构由“主语＋及物的谓语动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”构成。宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系或动宾关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不够完整。可以用做宾补的有：名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词等。如：

　　The sun keeps us warm.

　　I heard him singing.

　　You must get your hair cut.

　　They made Tom monitor.

　　He used to do his homework with his radio on.

　　用it做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的句型结构形式。即：主语＋谓语＋it＋宾补＋真正宾语。如：

　　I found it very pleasant to be with your family.

　　【巩固练习】

　　1. 我们叫她Alice。

　　2. 卫兵命令我们立即离开。

　　3. 每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。

　　4. 那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了。

　　5. 我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。

　　【答案】

　　方法一　列举具体的实例来补充说明

　　1．我喜欢体育运动。

　　I like sports very much.

　　→I like sports very much，such as basketball and football.

　　2．青少年应尽我们所能保护环境、拯救地球。

　　We teenagers should do what we can to protect the environment and save the earth.

　　→ We teenagers should do what we can to protect the environment and save the earth. For example，we can use recyclable bags instead of plastic bags，refuse to use singleuse products，plant more trees and save water and energy.

　　方法二　 添加与所给信息有关的神态、动作、心理描写及背景渲染等内容

　　1. 晚饭后，这个男的走向卧室。

　　After supper，the man went to his bedroom.

　　→ After a rich meal，the fat man slowly made his way to his bedroom.(神态、动作)

　　2. 我看到了一些不良行为。

　　I found some bad behavior.

　　→

　　I found some bad behavior.I was quite disappointed to find some bad behavior.(心理)

　　方法三　 添加与所给信息有关的原因，结果，条件，让步，手段，目的等内容

　　1．Tracy 来电话留言：咖啡屋(Bolton Coffee)见面取消。

　　拓展：因为她有重要的事情处理。(原因)

　　Tracy called，saying that she couldn't meet you at Bolton Coffee.

　　→ Tracy called，saying that she couldn't meet you at Ban Coffee，as she has something important to attend to.

　　2．帮助邻里的孩子补习英语。

　　拓展：孩子们进步很快，我也受到他们父母的称赞。(结果)

　　I also helped children in the neighborhood with their English lessons.

　　→

　　I also helped children in the neighborhood with their English lessons.To my joy，they made rapid progress and their parents thought highly of me.

　　方法四　 结尾发挥，写你的感受，评价，愿望，倡议等

　　1．Although I stood all the way home，I felt very happy for what I did.

　　2．I think such activities are necessary and meaningful.

　　（一） 仔细审题，吃透要求。

　　审题是非常重要的一个环节，包括审要求、审文体、审人称、审时态等。

　　（二） 要点齐全，滴水不漏。

　　一篇高分或者满分书面表达必须要点齐全，遗漏要点要扣分，。要想做到要点齐全，在动手写作之前，必须先把试题中所有要点以提纲式列出来，然后把它们组成句子，再根据逻辑关系重新排列顺序。

　　（三） 开头出彩，结尾精妙。

　　现在的高考书面表达对于开头和结尾的命题有两种形式。一种是提供了开头和结尾，特别是应用文体，命题者并不在写作格式上对考生进行考查。另一种就是需要考生自己来组织开头和结尾。

　　好的开始是成功的一半，开好头、起好步对书面表达至关重要，好的开头会让阅卷老师的眼睛为之一“亮”。开头常见方式包括开门见山、以俗语谚语或直接引语引出等，当然也可以以疑问句、套语开头。

　　文章能否得高分，关键还要看结尾，好的结尾能起到画龙点睛的作用。文章的结尾应根据不同体裁而定，或总结全文，或表明对所叙述人或事的态度，适可而止，但千万不能草草收场，结尾要显得水到渠成。

　　（四）词汇高级，结构复杂。

　　在一篇书面表达中能有几个复杂结构和高级词汇，势必能提升文章的档次，得高分或者满分。因此书面表达要讲究表达的艺术，从用词到句型的选择，都必须避免千篇一律，比如：同义词、同义结构、反义词、反义结构、祈使句、疑问句、感叹句、简单句、复合句、倒装句、省略句、平行结构等，要有选择地恰当应用，提高得分档次。

　　（五）过渡自然，行文流畅。

　　过渡性词汇是用来连接词与词、句与句、段与段的连接词，它不仅使句子结构对称和谐，文章层次清晰分明，还可增加文章的连贯性、逻辑性和可读性，更重要的是还能够增加文章的得分。常见的连接词有：

　　a．表示转折关系的词：

　　but，however，yet，instead，on the other hand，on the contrary，nevertheless，otherwise，after all等。如：

　　It rarely rains in the north，but on the other hand it rains a lot in the south.

　　b．表示因果关系的词：

　　since，as，because，so，thus，therefore，as a result，so that等。如：

　　These birds are very rare and therefore protected by law.

　　c．表示条件关系的词：

　　if，on condition that，so/as long as，unless，or else，or等。如：

　　I'll come on condition that I'm invited.

　　d. 表示时间关系的词：

　　when，while，after，before，until，as soon as，the moment, the minutem, immediately, no sooner...than，hardly...when，lately，recently，since，ever since，from now on，from then on, later, soon等。

　　例如：

　　Strike while the iron is hot.

　　e．表示空间顺序的词：

　　on the right/left，at the top/foot/of，in the middle of，in front of，at the back of，next to，on one side，here，there等。例如：

　　At the foot of the mountain lies a river.

　　f．表示顺序关系的词：

　　above all，first of all，firstly，first，secondly，second，then，next，finally，in the end等。

　　例如：

　　And above all，remember to send us your new address.

　　g．表示并列关系的词：

　　both...and，either...or，neither...nor，or，and，also，too，as well as等。

　　例如：

　　I'm learning French as well as English.

　　h．表示递进关系的词：

　　even，what's more，besides，what's worse，furthermore，also，to make the matter worse等。

　　例如：

　　I don't want to go；besides，I'm tired.

　　i．表示让步关系的词：

　　though，although，as，even if/though，whoever/whatever/whenever/wherever，no matter who/what/when/where等。例如：

　　We'll have to finish the job，no matter how long it takes.

　　j．表列举事实的词：

　　for example/instance，such as，take...for example，that is to say，as follows，and so on等。

　　例如：

　　The government has reduced spending in several areas，for example，education and health.

　　k．表示总结性的词：

　　in short，in brief，in a word，on the whole，in general，all in all等。

　　例如：

　　In short，the film is the best I've ever seen.

　　l．插入语：

　　I think，I believe，as far as I know，as we all know等。

　　例如：

　　He is not a teacher，I think.

　　（一）使用较高级的词汇

　　1. When he spoke more，he felt more excited.

　　→The more he spoke，the more excited he felt.

　　2. Because the weather was good，our journey was comfortable.

　　→Thanks to the good weather，our journey was comfortable.

　　3. We all think he is a great man.

　　→We all think highly of him.

　　4. Suddenly I thought out a good idea.

　　→A good idea occurred to me./ A good idea suddenly struck me.

　　5. Mr. Zhang taught us English. He was 44 years old. He wore long hair. His character was very strange.

　　（二）使用较丰富的句式

　　1. When he arrives，please give me an email.

　　→On his arriving，please give me an email.(使用v.ing形式)

　　2. To his surprise，the little girl knows so many things.

　　→What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.(使用名词性从句)

　　3. I'm weak，I'll make the effort.

　　→Weak as I am，I'll make the effort.(使用倒装句)

　　→Mr.Zhang,44 years old，used to be our English teacher of strange character with long hair.

　　4. He did not know what had happened until he had read the news in the newspaper.

　　→It was not until he had read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened.

　　(使用强调句型)

　　5. I passed the physics exam because of your help.

　　→I couldn't have passed the physics exam but for your help. (使用虚拟语气)

　　6. She walked out of the lab and many students followed her.

　　→Followed by many students，she walked out of the lab.(使用过去分词)

　　7. They sang and laughed as they went back to school.

　　→Singing and laughing，they went back to school.( 使用v.ing形式)

　　8. I won't believe what he says.

　　→No matter what he says，I won't believe.(使用让步状语从句)

　　9. If you study hard，you will make rapid progress.

　　→Study hard and you'll make rapid progress.(用并列句)

　　10. Our school is beautiful.It is very large.It has 100 mu.And there are 3,500 students in it.Its staff

　　(员工)teaches and serves us well.

　　→Our beautiful large school in which there are 3,500 students covers an area of 100 mu，whose staff teaches and serves us well.(定语从句)

　　（三）使用恰当的连接词

　　逻辑角度 合适的过渡性词汇

　　时间顺序 first, second, then, finally/at last，soon，immediately，suddenly

　　空间顺序 here，there，on one side...on the other side，in front of，at the back of，next to

　　对称顺序 for one thing，for the other thing，on one hand，on the other hand

　　转折顺序 but，however，while，though，otherwise，in reality，instead

　　因果顺序 because，since，as，for thanks to，as a result(of)

　　条件顺序 as long as，on condition that，if，unless，only if

　　让步顺序 though，as，even if/ though，whether，wh(what，when，where，which，who，how) ever

　　递进顺序 and，what's more，besides，in addition，to make the matter worse，what's worse

　　过渡性插入语 I think，in my opinion，I'm afraid，you know，As we all know，As is known，in a word，to sum up

　　（四）积累适量词汇和语句

　　1. 校园生活类

　　a. 必背词汇

　　campus 校园

　　dormitory宿舍

　　competition竞赛

　　rewards奖励

　　achievement成绩

　　crazy着迷的

　　determined有决心的

　　perseverance坚韧不拔

　　opportunity 机遇

　　colorful丰富多彩的

　　entertainment娱乐

　　accompany陪伴

　　a variety of 各种各样的

　　broaden one's horizons 拓宽视野

　　get fully developed得到全面发展

　　make the most of 充分利用

　　put one's heart into专心于……

　　keep...in mind记住

　　have a good command of 精通于

　　cheat in the exam考试作弊

　　lay a good foundation in 在……方面打下良好的基础

　　form the habit of...养成……的习惯

　　b. 必背语句

　　(1) He is crazy about English.Nothing delights him so much as reading English stories.

　　他对英语很着迷。没有什么能比读英语故事更让他高兴的了。

　　(2) We have masses of homework to do every day.

　　每天我们都有大量的作业要做。

　　(3) There are varieties of outofclass activities in our school，which we can take part in after class.

　　在我们学校有各种各样的课外活动，我们课后可以参加。

　　(4) We have got to have extra lessons during the holiday.

　　我们在假日里也要补课。

　　(5) Recently we have had a heated discussion as to whether we should have term exams.

　　最近我们就是否应该进行学期考试进行了激烈的讨论。

　　(6) We learned to use knowledge gained in the classroom，solving problems by ourselves.我们学会了使用我们在课堂上学到的知识，自己解决问题。

　　(7) We must keep up our spirits in class.

　　我们课堂上要振作精神。

　　(8) Only by reading widely can we gain more knowledge and broaden our horizons.

　　只有博览群书我们才能增长知识开拓视野。

　　(9) We should employ every possible opportunity to acquire more useful knowledge and get fully developed.

　　我们应利用一切可以利用的机遇获取更多的知识并得到全面的发展。

　　(10) We gathered at the school gate and started out at seven o'clock. We got a warm welcome upon our arrival.

　　我们在校门口集合，7点出发。一到那儿就受到了热烈的欢迎。

　　(11) It takes years of hard work to speak

　　good English.

　　讲一口流利的英语需要多年的努力。

　　(12) I'm determined to do well in my lessons so as not to let my parents down.

　　为了不让我的父母失望，我决心把功课学好。

　　2. 书信交流类

　　a. 必背词汇

　　concerning/as to/regarding/involving关于

　　appreciate感激

　　look forward to 盼望

　　apply 申请

　　recommend推荐

　　candidate 候选人

　　generous慷慨的

　　relief安慰

　　considerate体谅的

　　encouragement鼓励

　　flooded area洪泛区

　　quake stricken areas 地震灾区

　　beyond description难以描述的

　　apology道歉

　　misunderstanding误解

　　inconvenience不便

　　do sb wrong冤枉某人

　　put sb to much trouble 给某人添了很多麻烦

　　feel sympathy for 同情

　　congratulate祝贺

　　remarkable出色的

　　achievement成就

　　come true实现

　　unbelievable令人难以置信的

　　talented有才能的

　　impressive给人印象深刻的

　　accomplish完成

　　make an effort to do sth 努力做某事

　　take...for granted认为……理所当然

　　think highly of 对……评价很高

　　promising有前途的

　　determined坚决的

　　perseverance坚韧不拔

　　put one's heart into /set one's mind on全身心投入到

　　b. 必背语句

　　(1) Keep on trying，and you'll make it.

　　继续努力，你会成功的。

　　(2) You've got a great personality and have a good sense of humour.你个性很好，又有幽默感。

　　(3) I'll back you up no matter what is happening.

　　无论发生什么事情，我都会支持你。

　　(4) I am so pleased and happy to hear that you did very well in the National Entrance Examination.

　　听说你高考考得很好，我非常高兴。

　　(5) I write to congratulate you upon getting a first in the oral English contest.

　　我写信祝贺你在口语比赛中得了第一名。

　　(6) I apologize most sincerely for what I said that day.I didn't mean to hurt you.

　　我诚挚地为那天我说的话向你道歉，我不是有意伤害你的。

　　(7) I regret to say that I am unable to attend your birthday party because my father is ill.

　　很遗憾，我无法去参加你的生日聚会，因为我的父亲病了。

　　(8) Please don't hesitate to turn to me if there's something I can do for you.

　　如果我能为你做点什么，请尽管跟我说。

　　(9) We expressed our deep regret over the misunderstanding between each other.

　　我们为互相之间的误会表示遗憾。

　　(10) On behalf of my whole family，I would like to extend my sincere gratitude for your help.

　　我代表我全家对你们的帮助表示真诚的感谢。

　　(11) I am writing to express my thanks for your help while I was in England.

　　我写这封信是为了表达我对你的感谢，谢谢你在我在英国期间对我的帮助。

　　(12 )Not only does he do well in science，but he is also good at arts.

　　他理科学得很好，文科也很擅长。

　　(13) I think I am the right person for the job you advertised.

　　我认为我是你们招聘职位的最佳人选。

　　(14) In my personal opinion，it would be wise of you to take the following action.

　　在下认为，如果你能采取下列措施，将是一种明智的选择。

　　(15) I would be forever grateful if you could send me information concerning the activity.

　　如果你能将关于该项活动的有关信息发给我，我将不胜感激。

　　3. 社会实践类

　　a. 词汇必背

　　nationwide adj.全国范围的

　　political adj.政治的

　　civil adj.国内的；公民的

　　religious adj.宗教的

　　cultural adj.文化的

　　remote adj.遥远的；偏僻的

　　informal adj.非正式的

　　moral adj.道德的

　　powerful adj 强大的

　　protect v．保护

　　rescue v．援救；营救

　　natural adj. 自然的

　　wild adj.野生的；荒凉的

　　prevent v．阻止；防止

　　damage v．损害

　　decrease v．减少

　　make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生

　　happen to do sth碰巧做某事

　　team up with/cooperate with 与……合作

　　check in 报到；登记

　　owe sth to sb 将某事归功于某人

　　get involved in 涉及

　　depend on 依赖；取决于

　　be/feel proud of 对……感到自豪

　　help sb out 帮助某人摆脱困境或困难

　　hunt /search/look for 寻找

　　die out 灭绝

　　escape from 从……逃跑

　　in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪

　　protect the wild animals from being killed 保护野生动物不被杀害

　　b. 语句必背

　　(1) All the rescues are being carried out.Besides，donations as well as materials are being sent to the earthquake hit areas.

　　所有救援工作都在进行中；另外，捐款和物资也正被送往地震灾区。

　　(2) We set off early in the morning and it took us more than two hours to get there.

　　我们一大早就出发了，花了两个多小时才到达那儿。

　　(3) On our arrival，we were warmly welcomed by the local people.

　　我们一到达，就受到了当地人的热烈欢迎。

　　(4) My teachers encourage us to take part in some social practice in our summer holidays，which they think can help get ourselves fully developed.

　　我的老师鼓励我们暑假期间参加一些社会实践活动，他们认为这有助于我们得到全面发展。

　　(5) To our surprise，they seemed to show no interest in trying kicking the harmful habit.

　　使我们感到惊讶的是，对于尝试改掉那种有害的习惯他们似乎不感兴趣。

　　(6) The results seem to suggest that teenagers are more easily addicted to computer games.

　　结果似乎表明，十几岁的青少年更容易沉溺于电脑游戏。

　　(7) With the aim of helping create a harmonious class.our monitor carried out a series of measures.

　　为了创建一个和谐班级，我们的班长采取了一系列的措施。

　　(8) Wonderful as

　　it is，it also has its own disadvantages.

　　然而，尽管很好，它也有不足，

　　(9) On the one hand，they encourage us to get fully developed，but on the other hand，they wish us to devote all our time to studying our lessons.

　　他们一方面鼓励我们全面发展，可另一方面他们又希望我们将时间全部用在学习功课上。

　　(10) The number of the students in this school who have been admitted to university has increased by 10%，to more than 900，compared with last year.

　　与去年相比，今年该校被大学录取的学生的数量增加了10%，达到了900多人。

　　4. 生态文明类

　　a. 词汇必背

　　condition 情况，状态

　　damage 损害；毁坏

　　surrounding周围的

　　accessible可接近的；可利用的

　　messy 凌乱的

　　disaster灾难

　　decrease 下降

　　pollute污染

　　prevent 阻止

　　gradually逐渐地

　　flood 洪水

　　earthquake 地震

　　global warming 全球变暖

　　be faced with 面对

　　take measures to do sth 采取措施

　　from bad to worse 每况愈下

　　take...seriously认真对待

　　be exposed to 暴露于

　　lead to 导致，通向

　　blame sth on sb把……归咎于……

　　arouse one's awareness of 唤起某人的……意识

　　struggle for 为……而斗争

　　come into use 开始使用

　　care about 担心；在乎

　　make full use of 充分利用

　　b. 必背语句

　　(1) With the improvement of living standard，people begin to pursue a high quality of life.

　　随着生活水平的提高，人们开始追求高品质的生活。

　　(2) Public transportation has already been well developed in most urban areas of China.

　　公共交通在大多数中国城市已经很发达。

　　(3) A civilized person won't throw away rubbish or spit wherever he likes.

　　文明人不会乱丢垃圾，随地吐痰。

　　(4) Thanks to the Project Hope，great changes have taken place in the country school.

　　由于希望工程的实施，这所乡村学校发生了巨大的变化。

　　(5) There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon reflected in the picture.

　　有几种原因能够说明图中所反映的现象。

　　(6) If people go on doing like this，humans will very likely be punished by nature.

　　如果人们继续这样下去，人类很有可能会受到大自然的惩罚的。

　　(7) Large areas of forests are being destroyed，causing many changes in weather.

　　大片大片的森林正在被毁掉，引起气候方面的很多变化。

　　(8) It is high time for us to take measures to prevent the earth from getting warm.

　　该是我们采取措施来阻止全球变暖的时候了。

　　(9) Some people pay no attention to the environment that they live in.

　　有些人对他们居住的环境毫不在意。

　　(10) The students have formed the good habit of picking up the litter that they see in the school.

　　学生们已经养成了在校园里拾起他们见到的垃圾的好习惯。

　　(11) As we all know，environmental protection has become one of the current hot topics.

　　众所周知，环境保护已成为当下的一个热点话题。

　　(12) If people don't stop polluting the seas and rivers，there will be no fish left.

　　如果人类不停止污染海洋河流，将不会再有鱼类存在。

　　5. 道德情感类

　　a. 必背词汇

　　accustomed 习惯的

　　positive 积极的

　　negative 消极的

　　optimistic乐观的

　　pessimistic悲观的

　　disadvantage 劣势，缺点

　　potential潜在的；潜能

　　beneficial有益处的

　　strength 强项

　　unpredicted 没预料到的

　　outcome 结局；结果

　　practical 实用的

　　influence影响

　　image 形象

　　fit in (with) 与……相处融洽

　　let...down令……失望

　　for the sake of 为了……的利益

　　benefit from 从……中受益

　　be enthusiastic about 对……热心

　　make great contributions to...为……作出巨大贡献

　　heart and soul 全心全意地

　　live in harmony with...与……和谐相处

　　become aware of 知道；察觉

　　have a strong desire to do sth 有去做……的强烈欲望

　　burst into laughter突然大笑

　　be deeply moved 深受感动

　　put up with忍受；容忍

　　be concerned about 关心；挂念

　　think highly of 对……评价高

　　b. 必背语句

　　(1) There is no denying the fact that people's living conditions are being improved on the whole.

　　人民的生活条件总体上在不断提高，这是不可否认的事实。

　　(2) I'm sorry you are having trouble in making friends. However，the situation is easy to change if you take my advice.

　　很遗憾你在交友上遇到麻烦，然而，如果你听从我的建议，情况是很容易改变的。

　　(3) I will appreciate it if you can give me a hand to solve the problem.

　　如果你能帮助我解决这个问题，我将不胜感激。

　　(4) I think it every child's duty to repay their parents.

　　我认为报答父母是每个子女的职责。

　　(5) As the saying goes，nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.

　　俗话说得好，世上无难事，只怕有心人。

　　(6) Different from others, he always tries to find the keys to the problems instead of finding excuses for the possible failures.

　　与他人不同的是，他总是努力寻找解决问题的关键而不是寻找可能失败的借口。

　　(7) Good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other.

　　善于倾听使我们彼此走得更近。

　　(8) To build a good relationship，we should trust in each other.

　　要建立良好的关系，我们应该彼此信任。

　　(9) With his help，I made such great progress that I was praised by the teacher.

　　在他的帮助下，我取得了很大的进步，因此受到了老师的表扬。

　　(10) Compared with other teachers，Mr Moore pays more attention to his way of teaching.

　　与其他老师相比，摩尔老师更注重教学方法。

　　(11) My parents think that playing basketball takes too much time and energy，which are supposed to be spent on study.

　　我的父母认为打篮球花费太多的时间与精力，而这些时间和精力本该花在学习上。

　　(12) What impressed me most was that he risked his life to save the girl.

　　让我印象深刻的是，他冒着生命危险救出女孩。

　　四、高分技巧

　　三、解题指导

　　二、扩充细节

　　一注重基础