2017届高考北师大版英语二轮复习专题技能突破：11 短文改错之细品单词、分析句子（含解析）

　　专题技能突破(11)(短文改错之细品单词、分析句子，纠正“词法”“句法”错误【技能讲解】　认真读每一句，分析每个词使用是否正确。名词的数与格，名词前该不该用冠词、用什么冠词，固定搭配是否完整、正确，有无缺少或多余介词，形容词、副词及其比较等级是否混用等。,分析句子，检查三大从句的引导词是否符合语法规则，如定语从句的引导词that， which， who， where等的使用是否正确，名词性从句的引导词that和what 是否混用，状语从句的使用是否把although和but， because和so重复使用。检查感叹句的感叹词what， how使用是否正确。此外，分析句子的主语谓语在数上是否一致，特别是定语从句中的谓语动词单复数，是否和作主语的关系代词所指定的名词单复数一致。

　　典例剖析

　　1.[2015·课标全国卷]Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.

　　[答案]　on→with　考查介词。with表示“随着……”。

　　2．[2015·课标全国卷]Tony saw a toy on a shop window.

　　[答案]　on→ in　考查介词。Tony是“在商店橱窗(shop window)里”看到了玩具，故用in。

　　3．[2015·课标全国卷]Now I am living in a city ，but I miss my home in countryside.

　　[答案]　countryside前加the　考查冠词。in the countryside “在乡下/农村”为固定表达。

　　4．[2016·河南、河北、山西质检]This also gives the school authorities great pressures on meeting the need of academic levels.

　　[答案]　pressures→pressure　考查不可数名词pressure。常见的不可数名词还有：information, news, advice, furniture, baggage, equipment等。

　　5．[2015·课标全国卷]After looking at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing.

　　[答案]　where→that或去掉where　考查宾语从句引导词。此处宾语从句不缺成分且意思完整，故用that引导，that也可省略。

　　6．How a wonderful world he leads us to.

　　[答案]　How→What　考查感叹句式。how后加形容词，what后加名词，a wonderful world为名词短语，因此用what。

　　7．The capital city is Lhasa, what is honored as “The highest city in the world”.

　　[答案]　what→which　考查定语从句引导词。what不是定语从句的引导词，在非限制性定语从句中作主语且指物Lhasa的关系代词只能用which。

　　8．Obeying the traffic rules are what all of us should pay attention to particularly.

　　[答案]　are→is　考查主谓一致。由动名词、动词不定式、从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Obeying the traffic rules是动名词短语作主语，因此谓语动词用单数。

　　技能演练单句改错

　　1．It was getting dark, so he left there in the hurry and jumped into a car.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案：the→a

　　2．He is such learned person that we all admire him very much.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案：such后加a

　　3．Under his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案：Under→With

　　4．Without hesitation, Jack made a immediate dive for the robber and controlled him by holding him down against the ground.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案：a→an

　　5．Instead of giving us answers immediate, he encourages us to think by

　　ourselves whenever he puts forward questions.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案：immediate→immediately

　　6．Although she received little school education, but she is aware that knowledge is of great importance to young people.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案：去掉but

　　7．If you notice that when someone is missing or hurt, tell your teacher immediately.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案：去掉when

　　8．The family as well as their dog was trapped on the roof

　　by the flood.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案：was→were

　　9．I'm sure it won't be long until we find out the truth.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案：until→before

　　10．He is the only one of the students who have been to America.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案：have→has