2017届湖北省黄冈市高考英语阅读理解二轮精练：12（含解析）

　　湖北黄冈市2017高考英语阅读理解二轮二轮精练（12）及（解析）答案

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　SCS Global Services （SCS） has evaluated a new methodology for measuring the carbon sequestration（封存） ability of soil under the Verified（验证） Carbon Standard （VCS）, a leading greenhouse gas （GHG） accounting system. The methodology, developed by The Earth Partners, will allow land managers who sequester GHGs in grasslands and farmlands to produce carbon credits for sale in the voluntary market.

　　Managers of grasslands and farmlands can increase carbon sequestration in soil by practices such as changing grazing（放牧） practices and operating treatments designed to improve the variety and productivity of plant groups. The Earth Partners is presently piloting this methodology with farmers across seven million acres of the Palouse River and Columbia Plateau regions in the Pacific Northwest.

　　“The VCS program has achieved an important milestone in now combining grassland and rangeland carbon offset（抵消，补偿） projects," said Dr. Robert J. Hrubes, Executive Vice President of SCS."SCS looks forward to approving and verifying agricultural carbon offset projects that use this very powerful new methodology."

　　The VM0021 Soil Carbon Quantification Methodology is based on decades of soil carbon research and testing conducted by top soil scientists. The methodology was developed by The Earth Partners and verified by Environmental Services, Inc. as well as SCS Global Services. It is the first soil carbon methodology to be approved for use under the VCS.

　　"This widely tested methodology is the first to specially deal with soils in a market," said Steven I. Apfelbaum, Chairman of Applied Ecological Services, Inc. and Director of Science with The Earth Partners. According to Apfelbaum, soils represent the second largest living sink of carbon on the planet.

　　1. The new methodology is assessed according to　.

　　A. The Earth Partners

　　B. the Verified Carbon Standard

　　C. Environmental Services, Inc.　 D. Applied Ecological Services, Inc.

　　2. Carbon sequestration in soil can be strengthened by　.

　　A. selling carbon credits in the voluntary market

　　B. changing grazing practices and operating treatments

　　C. reducing the variety and productivity of plant groups

　　D. decreasing farmlands in the Pacific Northwest

　　3. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

　　A. The VCS program proves to be successful in carbon offset projects.

　　B. Many soil Carbon Methodologies have already been approved for use.

　　C. The new methodology has been tested in many fields including soil.

　　D. Soils seem to be the largest living sink of carbon on the planet.

　　4. What is the attitude of SCS towards the new methodology?

　　A. Opposed.B. Cautious.C. Doubtful.D. Approving.

　　【参考答案】1—4、BBAD

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when you’re doing your holiday shopping online, make sure you’re holding a large glass of iced tea. The physical sensation(感觉) of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions—those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh.

　　Psychologists have known that one person’s perception(感知) of another’s “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies’ conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness. Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth“mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle. Harlow’s work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills.

　　Feelings of “warmth” and“coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal. Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm” or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries.

　　To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the study’s hypotheses(假设), handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form. The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of “Person A” based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink.

　　“We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly,” says Bargh.

　　1. According to Paragraph 1, a person’s emotion may be affected by　.　

　　A. the visitors to his office

　　B. the psychology lessons he has

　　C. his physical feeling of coldness

　　D. the things he has bought online

　　2. The author mentions Harlow’s experiment to show that　.　

　　A. adults should develop social skills

　　B. babies need warm physical contact

　　C. caregivers should be healthy adults

　　D. monkeys have social relationships

　　3. In Bargh’s experiment, the students were asked to　.　

　　A. evaluate someone’s personality

　　B. write down their hypotheses

　　C. fill out a personal information form

　　D. hold coffee and cold drink alternatively

　　4. We can infer from the passage that　.　

　　A. abstract thinking does not come from physical experiences

　　B. feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwide

　　C. physical temperature affects how we see others

　　D. capable persons are often cold to others

　　5. What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A. Drinking for Better Social Relationships.

　　B. Experiments of Personality Evaluation.

　　C. Developing Better Drinking Habits.

　　D. Physical Sensations and Emotions.

　　【参考答案】1—5、CBACD

　　2016高考模拟题。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Tired of all the pushing in supermarkets? Fed up with waiting in endless lines to pay for what you have bought? Angry at wasting time in traffic jams only to find no parking spaces when you eventually arrive at the store? If this is you, then online shopping is the answer to your dreams of trouble-free shopping. Or is it?

　　Online shopping brings its own challenges. Here are a few things to bear in mind when browsing (浏览) various websites. The claim made by online sites is that shopping online is a safe and secure way to make purchases. The evidence challenges this. In any case, you only have to be the victim of fraud (诈骗) once to experience all the problems that come with this form of stealing. Use only sites that have a trusted history and an excellent reputation.

　　Another problem is the appearance of items in reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen. This might not be a problem if you are buying washing up powder but could be a major disappointment when that beautiful blue dress you ordered turns up in green. Also, product descriptions are sometimes simply untrue. Perhaps the wisest plan is to purchase items where design and color are not essential to customer satisfaction.

　　Some even argue that online shopping indirectly contributes to global warming. Yes, your car can stay parked but how are online goods delivered? Often by some large vans pouring out carbon monoxide and adding to our already desperate traffic problems. You are also by now becoming increasingly irritated (使烦恼) by the fact that the delivery is late and you have wasted the leave from work you have taken to receive it!

　　Without question, online shopping is here to stay and it has its benefits. However, perhaps it is not as wonderful as some of its supporters claim it to be.

　　1. The author lists several questions in Para. 1 to

　　.

　　A. support online shopping

　　B. collect answers from readers

　　C. show his dislike of going shopping

　　D. introduce the topic of the passage

　　2. By what can online shoppers avoid fraud?

　　A. Using only trusted websites.

　　B. Choosing big websites.

　　C. Collecting shopping evidence.

　　D. Seeking advice from the police.

　　3. The author agrees with the fact that ______.

　　A. customers are never satisfied with products

　　B. online shopping is a safe way to make purchases

　　C. online shopping has nothing to do with global warming

　　D. delivery delay often makes online shoppers unhappy

　　4. What is the author’s attitude towards online shopping?

　　A. Very popular.

　　B. A wise choice.

　　C. Not trouble free.

　　D. A waste of time.

　　参考答案1—4 DADC

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Rainforest is home to around two-thirds of all plant and animal species found on land—in addition to millions of people who depend on them for survival—our remaining ancient forests are some of the most diverse ecosystems known to science. They are also vitally important to the health of our planet, especially when it comes to regulating the climate. But ancient forests around the world are under attack.

　　Protecting rainforests is on the global agenda (议事日程) in a big way. Governments now recognize the importance of protecting tropical forests in order to avoid dangerous climate change, and there is now much debate. As governments try to thrash out the details of a new international agreement, expected to be signed at the end of 2009, they are discussing how best to include measures to save rainforests, and therefore address one of the major causes of climate change. Worldwide, forest destruction causes more greenhouse gas emissions (排放) each year than do all the trains, planes and cars on the planet. So if we are to deal with global warming, there is an urgent need to find ways to reduce the 20% of global greenhouse gas emissions caused by forest destruction each year, and to keep the remaining forests standing.

　　We need to protect the planet’s remaining forests not only to stop climate change from getting worse, but to ensure that we can stand the impacts of global warming. Healthy forests absorb and store quantities of carbon, helping to regulate temperature and generate rain. When they are destroyed, this carbon is released into the atmosphere. Thus keeping forests standing is both a critical part of regulating climate change and of adapting to a warmer world.

　　To date, most of the talk has focused on how to pay for reducing deforestation (滥伐森林), rather than on how to actually go about doing it. We believe governments need to support local people to protect their environment, as we have been showing for 20 years can be a very effective way of saving rainforests.

　　1. The best title for the passage is　.

　　A. Rainforest and Climate Change

　　B. Strategies on Protecting Rainforest

　　C. Serious Deforestation to Rainforest

　　D. Present Situation of Rainforest

　　2. From the first paragraph we can infer that　.

　　A. we have little rainforest left until now

　　B. the ancient forests are being destroyed

　　C. rainforest control the planet in many ways

　　D. Rainforest is home to all plants and animals on earth

　　3. The underlined part “thrash out” in the second paragraph means　.

　　A. try to understandB. come up with

　　C. hide away

　　D. have a thorough discussion

　　4. Greenhouse gas emissions caused by forest destruction　.

　　A. are the same amount by transport on earth

　　B. take 20% of global greenhouse gas emissions

　　C. can be avoided by setting measures only

　　D. have nothing to do with climate change

　　5. From the text we can learn that healthy forest　.

　　A. can keep us healthy and happy

　　B. can increase the effect from global warming

　　C. can be helpful in adjusting the temperature

　　D. can give out large amounts of carbon

　　【参考答案】1—5、ABDBC