2017届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解解析版汇编：41（含解析）

　　2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（41）

　　（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁：说明文　话题：大学教育　词数：268　时间：6′

　　Jiang Zhongjie，19，a second－year student majoring in biology at Xiamen University，looks at job websites almost every day.As summer vacation approaches，he can't decide which internship (实习) position would benefit him.

　　“I think it is hard to know what would be a meaningful intern job，” he said.“Most of the time，the positions on offer are low paid，boring jobs，such as sales promotion，” said Jiang.

　　Last month，during an education forum (论坛)，Huang Guitian，assistant to the president of Peking University，called for a halt to the internships of lower quality，regarding them as “dull and meaningless，affecting students' academic performance”．

　　Huang conducted a mini survey，showing “80 percent of students merely do odd (零散的) jobs on internship”．

　　But employers and students may have different attitudes.According

　　to

　　a

　　survey

　　of

　　116

　　Beijing

　　and

　　Shanghai－based companies by Zhaopin.com，a leading human resource services site，nearly 60 percent said they still valued applicants' hands－on experience most.

　　Zhang Jianhong，HR director in Huawei Technologies Co.Ltd agreed with this idea，believing that internship even goes beyond gaining experience.“An internship actually offers a great chance for students to get an inside glimpse of a company，an industry and a particular occupation，” he said.

　　He says it can help interns discover whether the career they are considering is suitable for them.And if students are aware of which industry they would like to enter，Zhang suggests that they select an internship in a relevant field，with the potential to turn into a formal job offer.

　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇有关大学生毕业实习的报道。文章介绍了不同的人对于实习有着不同的观点，褒贬不一。

　　．What does the word “halt” in the third paragraph probably mean?

　　A．Stop.

　　B．Beginning.

　　C．Progress.

　　D．Delay.

　　答案　A　[词义猜测题。根据第三段lower quality和dull and meaningless，affecting students' academic performance可知，此处是呼吁停止劣质的实习。]

　　2．What does Jiang Zhongjie think of intern jobs?

　　A．They are meaningful.

　　B．They are not exciting.

　　C．The pay lives up to his expectations.

　　D．Internship improves students' learning abilities.

　　答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段的low paid，boring jobs可知答案。]

　　．We may learn from the text that ________．

　　A．all the people have the same attitude toward internship

　　B．less and less companies think highly of applicants' working experience

　　C．Zhang Jianhong believes that an internship benefits students in some way

　　D．the students can't change their career once they select an internship in some field

　　答案　C　[推理判断题。从文章倒数第二段的An internship actually offers a great chance...可知答案。]

　　．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

　　A．No Internship，No Job

　　B．Internship，Good or Bad

　　C．Internship Helps Find a Job

　　D．Where to Find an Intern Job

　　答案　B　[主旨大意题。通读文章可知人们对实习的评价褒贬不一，态度各异。]阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁：记叙文　话题：动物世界　词数：330　时间：7′

　　Tropical fish hobbyists will tell you their tanks are a source of relaxation，but recent research suggests the fish might disagree.

　　Many American households contain a fish tank，whose average size is less than 10 gallons.Yet a study comparing the behavior of common freshwater fish found that those kept in such small tanks were more aggressive than those in larger ones and were more likely to fight.

　　“If people kept dogs in these conditions，they'd be put in prison，” said the author，Ronald Oldfield.“In larger tanks，the fish were not in continuous eyesight of each other.They were swimming around，checking everything out rather than beating each other，” he added.“It's something we should think about.”

　　The study consisted of two experiments.In one，Dr.Oldfield tested the effects of overcrowding by keeping tank size constant (不变) while increasing the number of fish.In the other，he tested environment by placing three fish in tanks of different sizes.He then recorded their behavior at least two hours after feeding，to eliminate (排除)competitive behaviors related to food.While aggression seemed to remain constant regardless of the number of fish in a tank，it dropped off considerably once the fish were placed in a 100­gallon tank with several plants and rocks to form shelters.

　　The findings confirmed what he found when observing Midas in the wild.“If you go out and observe these fish swimming in a river，” he said，“they're not aggressive at all，really.” This conclusion is not news to Justin Muir，the owner of a fish tank business.“More volume of water is always better.It keeps the fish healthier，and the tank is more stable.”

　　【语篇解读】　本文叙述了热带鱼的生活习性。当它们的生活空间越小时，它们的侵略性就越强；反之，如果生活空间越大，侵略性越小。

　　1．We can conclude from the study that ________．

　　A．the fish in small rivers are more likely to fight than those in larger ones

　　B．if you keep fish in tanks of less than 10 gallons，you'll be put into prison

　　C．people haven't paid enough attention to the feeling of fish in smaller tanks

　　D．the fish in the wild are more aggressive than those kept in tanks

　　答案　C　[推理判断题。由第二段和第三段内容可知，人们大多把鱼养在小的鱼缸里，故选C项。A项中讲的是河流，而全文讲的是鱼缸，故A项错误；由第三段第一句可知B项错误；由全文特别是最后一段可知D项错误。]

　　2．How was the first experiment performed?

　　A．By putting more and more fish in the same tank.

　　B．By putting fish in tanks of different sizes.

　　C．By putting some food to test the behavior of fish.

　　D．By putting fish in a tank with plants and rocks.

　　答案　A　[细节理解题。由第四段第二句可知答案。]

　　3．The two experiments prove that ________．

　　A．food competition results in the aggressive behavior of fish

　　B．fish become more aggressive as more fish are put into a tank

　　C．crowding is the main cause of the aggressive behavior of fish

　　D．fish become less aggressive when placed in a 100­gallon tank

　　答案　D　[推理判断题。由倒数第二段最后一句可知，如果把鱼放在100加仑的鱼缸里，它们会停止攻击，故选D项。A项太片面；由倒数第二段最后一句可排除B、C两项。]

　　4．The best title for this passage might be ________．

　　A．Animals' Right to Live at Ease

　　B．Picture of Relaxation Only If You're Not Inside

　　C．How to Keep Tropical Fish as Pets

　　D．How to Deal with Fish's Aggressive Behavior

　　答案　B　[主旨大意题。由短文内容可知，作者主要告诉我们鱼缸的大小决定鱼生活得是否舒适、侵略性的大小，故选B项。]

　　阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁：说明文　话题：团购　词数：407　时间：6′

　　Group buying is one of the fastest growing trends in South Africa today.Industry leaders are confident the growth potential remains strong since group buying is location­specific (区域性的)．Start­up costs are low and profit room remains high, so many sites continue to receive invested money despite widespread criticism and Facebook's decision to phase__out__of the deals business due to privacy concerns.

　　In the early stages of all industries, some companies fail because they cannot compete with stronger companies in difficult economic conditions.To deal with difficult conditions, an alarming number of businesses are developing group buying websites in places like China and India, so the increase of group buying in South Africa is nothing more than a natural progression into the international mainstream.

　　The group buying concept is fairly new and consumers have accepted this concept because they can now make full use of the rich information available on the Internet.Group buying is convenient and easy so it works.Anyone can view a site, join a mailing list, subscribe (注册加入) to RSS or print out a coupon (优惠券)．The current group buying structure offered by the industry leaders works although there are still challenges to overcome.

　　Perhaps, the future of group buying is tied to the joining together of social media and mobile devices.Mobile devices are with us wherever we go and almost everyone is using some type of social media site like Facebook or Twitter to stay informed.Using GPS and social media technology to provide real time location­specific promotions would be beneficial to every consumer looking for the best deals in town.

　　Pause for a moment and think about it! What is better than signing on to your phone while having fun in town and you receive a real time information that your favorite shop across the street is offering a killer deal?

　　The future of the group buying in South Africa is bright and we can expect to see more advanced approaches to this concept in the future.In addition to the technological advances consumers will see the range of promotions expand to include new products and services.

　　【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了南非团体购买的发展及其前景。

　　1．What does the underlined phrase “phase out of” mean in the passage?

　　A．Gradually stop.

　　B．Gradually increase.

　　C．Begin to develop.

　　D．Continue to enlarge.

　　答案　A　[词义猜测题。本句意为：开始的费用很低，房租很贵，所以出于私人考虑，许多地方不顾广泛的批评和Facebook逐渐停止交易的决定，开始接受投资。故选A。]

　　．The author sets China and India as examples to show that ________．

　　A．China and India are powerful countries

　　B．China and India are in difficult economic conditions

　　C．group buying is successful worldwide

　　D．group buying is an international trend

　　答案　D　[细节理解题。从第二段最后一句的．..nothing more than a natural progression into the international mainstream，与其说它是一个自然的进步，倒不如说是一个国际的主流，故选D。]

　　．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A．People have accepted group buying because it's a new concept.

　　B．Social media and mobile devices have been joined together for group buying.

　　C．GPS and social media technology will be helpful in group buying.

　　D．Shops usually offer a killer deal when their customers are having fun.

　　答案　C　[细节理解题。从第四段第三句Using GPS and social media technology to provide real time location­secific promotions...可知选C。 ]

　　．The author's attitude towards the future of group buying is ________．

　　A．pessimistic

　　B．optimistic

　　C．objective

　　D．subjective

　　答案　B　[推理判断题。从最后一段第一句The future of the group buying in South Africa is bright and we can expect to see more advanced approaches to this concept in the future.故选B。]

　　．What does the passage mainly tell us?

　　A．The history of group buying.

　　B．Group buying in South Africa.

　　C．Growing trends in South Africa.

　　D．The group buying concept.

　　答案　B　[主旨大意题。纵观全文讲述的是南非团体购物的情况以及团体购物的发展趋势，而第一段第一句group buying is one of the fastest growing trends in South Africa today.故选B。]阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁：说明文　话题：能源安全　词数：319　时间：5′

　　Nuclear power's danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in one word: radiation.

　　Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it, partly because it cannot be detected by human senses.It can't be seen or heard, or touched or tasted, even though it may be all around us.There are other things like that.For example, radio waves are all around us but we can't detect them, sense them, without a radio receiver.Similarly, we can't sense radioactivity without a radiation detector.But unlike common radio waves, nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things.

　　At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being immediately by killing masses of cells in vital organs.But even the lowest levels can do serious damage.There is no level of radiation that is completely safe.If the radiation does not hit anything important, the damage may not be serious.This is the case when only a few cells are hit, and if they are killed immediately, your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones.But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproduce themselves, you may be in trouble.They can grow into cancer.Sometimes this does not show up for many years.

　　This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation.Serious damage can be done without the victim being aware at the time that damage has occurred.A person can be irradiated(辐射)and feel fine, then die for cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result.Or a child can be born weak as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents.

　　Radiation can hurt us.We must know the truth.

　　【语篇解读】　核能源对健康、安全、甚至是生命本身的危害都能用一个词来概括：辐射。

　　1．What is the most dangerous factor of nuclear power?

　　A．Amount.

　　B．Quantity.

　　C．Radiation.

　　D．Place.

　　答案　C　[由第一段，可知C正确。]

　　2．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A．Nuclear radiation can do little harm to human beings.

　　B．Nuclear radiation can do harm to human beings.

　　C．Nuclear radiation can be detected by human senses.

　　D．Nuclear radiation is just like common radio waves.

　　答案　B　[由第一段，以及第三段第一、二、三句， 可知B正确，那么A就错了。根据第二段，可知C、D错误。]

　　3．How can nuclear radiation kill an animal?

　　A．By damaging its heart.

　　B．By killing a few cells in its body.

　　C．By hitting any place in its body.

　　D．By killing many cells in important organs.

　　答案　D　[由第三段第一句，可知辐射通过大量破坏重要器官的细胞，导致动物死亡。]

　　4Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery because ________．

　　A．it can do harm to a person while the victim doesn't know

　　B．human beings learn its harmfulness

　　C．nuclear radiation can kill a person very easily

　　D．human beings have no effective machine to detect nuclear radiation

　　答案　A　[由第二段第一句可知，辐射神秘之处在于，受害者在毫不知情的情况下就受到辐射的伤害了。]

　　．If a human being is hit by nuclear radiation, he may ________．

　　A．die of cancer after many years

　　B．die immediately

　　C．have a child who may be born weak

　　D．all of the above

　　答案　D　[由倒数第二段最后两句可知，若人被辐射了，会因此患上癌症，并于几年后死亡。]