2016届高考英语二轮复习五年考题分类汇编：情态动词虚拟语气

　　情态动词虚拟语气28．(2015·江苏高考)It might have saved me some trouble ________ the schedule.

　　A．did I know

　　B．have I known

　　C．do I know

　　D．had I known

　　解析：选D　考查虚拟语气。句意：要是早知道时间表的话，可能会省去我一些麻烦。由句意和might have saved可知，句子用了虚拟语气。本句表示与过去事实相反的情况，故从句谓语用had known。if引导的非真实条件句中含有were，had，should时，可将它们提到主语之前，并将if省略。23．Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I ________ as well as her.

　　A．dance

　　B．will dance

　　C．had danced

　　D．danced

　　解析：选D　考查虚拟语气。句意：埃伦是一位了不起的舞蹈家。要是我能跳得像她一样好那该有多好啊。I wish后接从句，从句用虚拟语气。由语境可知，此处叙述的是与现在事实相反的情况，故谓语动词用过去式，选D项。21．You ________ feel all the training a waste of time, but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it.

　　A．should

　　B．need

　　C．shall

　　D．may

　　解析：选D　考查情态动词。句意：你或许觉得所有的训练都是浪费时间，但是我百分之百确定，你以后会为你这么做了而心存感激的。由句中的but及后一分句中的a hundred percent sure可知，此处表示语气不强烈的推测，故用may。27．—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.

　　—Oh, it's too bad. You________ have made full preparations.

　　A．must

　　B．can

　　C．would

　　D．should

　　解析：选D　考查情态动词。句意：“对不起，妈妈！我工作面试又失败了。”“哦，太糟糕了。你本应该做充足的准备。”must have done“一定已经做了某事”，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；can/would have done“可能已经做了某事”；should have done“本应该做某事(实际并未做)”。根据句意可知should符合语境。35．(2015·安徽高考)—How is your table tennis these days? Still playing?

　　—________.I just don't seem to find the time these days.

　　A．That's right

　　B．No, not much

　　C．That's great

　　D．Don't worry

　　解析：选B　考查情景交际。句意：“你的乒乓球近况如何？还在打吗？”“不，打得不多。我最近好像抽不出时间了。”故B项符合语境。That's right“对的”；That's great“好极了”；Don't worry“不用担心”。32．(2015·安徽高考)It is lucky we booked a room, or we________nowhere to stay now.

　　A．had

　　B．had had

　　C．would have

　　D．would have had

　　解析：选C　考查虚拟语气。句意：很幸运，我们订了个房间，否则我们现在就无处安身了。本题考查了虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的运用，条件句部分在or中体现，相当于If we hadn't booked a room, we would have nowhere to stay now.(主句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气)。2．You________be careful with the camera.It costs!

　　A．must

　　B．may

　　C．can

　　D．will

　　解析：选A　考查情态动词。句意：你千万要当心这个相机。它价格不菲！从后面“It costs！”可以推知说话者要求“你”对相机“千万要小心”，此处表示必须，因此要用must。12．You________be Carol. You haven't changed a bit after all these years.

　　A．must

　　B．can

　　C．will

　　D．shall

　　解析：选A　考查情态动词。句意：你一定是卡萝尔。这么多年你一点都没有变化。根据后文的“You haven't changed a bit”可知，说话者完全认出了卡萝尔，猜测的语气非常肯定，因此选择must，must用在肯定句中表示语气非常肯定的推测，意为“一定，想必”。can用在否定句中表示把握非常大的推测；will表意愿、倾向或临时决定做某事；shall用于第二人称表命令、威胁、警告、许诺。7．Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway________his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.

　　A．didn't write

　　B．hadn't written

　　C．wouldn't write

　　D．wouldn't have written

　　解析：选D　考查含蓄虚拟语气。句意：假如没有战时的那些经历，海明威就不会写出他的著名小说《永别了，武器》。当句中出现without, but for, otherwise等词时，句子的谓语动词用过去将来时(表示与现在或将来相反的情况)，或用过去将来完成时(表示与过去相反的情况)，本题很显然是与过去的情况相反，因此选择D项。13．I wish I________ at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.

　　A．will be

　　B．would be

　　C．have been

　　D．had been

　　解析：选D　考查虚拟语气。句意：要是我上周二参加了我姐姐的婚礼那该有多好啊，但是当时我在纽约出差。I wish后接从句时，从句用虚拟语气。由空后的“but I was on a business trip in New York then”可知，此处表示与过去事实相反，故谓语动词用had been。7．I________ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.

　　A．mightn't

　　B．mustn't

　　C．needn't

　　D．couldn't

　　解析：选C　考查情态动词。句意：来新学校之前我本没有必要担心，因为这里的同班同学对我很友好。此处表示没有必要，故用needn't。needn't have done“本没必要做”。mightn't have done“可能没做过”；没有mustn't have done这一用法；couldn't have done“不可能做过”。34．If I________ it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.

　　A．didn't see

　　B．weren't seeing

　　C．wouldn't see

　　D．hadn't seen

　　解析：选D　考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我没亲眼看到，我不会相信那件事的。根据主句I wouldn't have believed it可知，空格处所在句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，应用过去完成时态，所以答案为D。29．—Can't you stay a little longer?

　　—It's getting late.I really________ go now. My daughter is home alone.

　　A．may

　　B．can

　　C．must

　　D．dare

　　解析：选C　考查情态动词。句意：“难道你不能多待一会儿吗？”“天晚了。我现在真的必须走了。我女儿一个人在家。”由答语中空格所在句的前后句句意可知，此处指说话人觉得自己“必须”走了，故用must，所以答案为C。1.(2017·安徽高考）People are recycling many things which they ________ away in the past.

　　A．had thrown

　　B．will be throwing C．were throwing

　　D．would have thrown

　　【答案】选D　

　　【解析】句意：现在人们回收利用很多他们过去会扔掉的东西。根据in the past可知，说的是过去的情况，对过去的情况的推测，应使用“情态动词＋完成式”。故选D。

　　2.(2017·北京高考）________ I have a word with you? It won't take long.

　　A．Can

　　B．MustC．Shall

　　D．Should

　　【答案】选A

　　【解析】句意：我可以和你谈谈吗？不会用太长时间。can在这里表示许可，意为“可以”，符合语境。must意为“必须”； shall用于第一人称时表示“征求对方意见”，此处语境不是两人对话，而是一个人的主观看法； should表示“应该”，故选A项。

　　3.(2017·北京高考）We ________ back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map.

　　A．are

　　B．wereC．will be

　　D．would be

　　【答案】选D

　　【解析】句意：如果那时你没有丢掉地图，那么我们现在就回到宾馆了。根据语境和时间状语now可知，此处指的是对现在情况的虚拟，主句谓语应用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”结构，故选D项。

　　4.(2017·全国卷）Although you ________

　　find bargains in London,

　　it's not generally a cheap place to shop.

　　A．should

　　B．need

　　C．must

　　D．can

　　【答案】选D

　　【解析】句意：虽然你能在伦敦买到便宜货，但是一般来说那不是一个买便宜东西的地方。情态动词can表示理论上的可能性。

　　5.(2017·福建高考）________ no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.

　　A．Were there

　　B．Had there been C．If there are

　　D．If there have been

　　【答案】选A

　　【解析】句意：要不是现代化的电讯，我们就不得不等好几个星期才能得到来自世界各地的消息。根据would have to 以及句意可知，这是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句应用一般过去时；当if从句中有were, had或should时可将if省略，同时将它们提到主语前构成部分倒装，所以选A项。

　　6.(2017·湖南高考）If Mr. Dewey

　　________ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.

　　A．were

　　B．had been

　　C．should be

　　D．was

　　【答案】选B

　　【解析】句意：如果Dewey先生在场的话，他就会为那里的人提供任何可能的帮助。从主句中的“would have offered”可以看出，从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故应用过去完成时。

　　7.(2017·湖南高考）—I've prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.

　　—Do you mean we ________

　　bring anything with us?

　　A．can't

　　B．mustn't

　　C．shan't

　　D．needn't

　　【答案】选D

　　【解析】句意：“我已经为野餐准备了各种食物。”“你的意思是我们不需要自己带任何东西了？”根据语境可知，食物已经准备好，再带食物已经没有必要，故选D。can't“不能”；mustn't“禁止”；shan't“不应该”。

　　8．(2017·湖南高考）Life is unpredictable; even the poorest

　　________ become the richest.

　　A．shall

　　B．mustC．need

　　D．might

　　【答案】选D

　　【解析】句意：生活是不可预料的，即使是最贫穷的人也可能成为最有钱的人。might表示“可能”。

　　9．(2017·四川高考）I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________ take me to Disneyland at weekends.

　　A．might

　　B．mustC．would

　　D．should

　　【答案】选C

　　【解析】句意：我仍然记得我的快乐童年，那时母亲常会在周末带我去迪斯尼乐园。would可表示习惯性动作，译为“常会，总是”。

　　10．(2017·天津高考）________ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.

　　A．Did he catch

　　B．Should he catch C．Has he caught

　　D．Had he caught

　　【答案】选D

　　【解析】句意：要是他赶上了上午的火车，他就不会开会迟到了。这是一个省略if的虚拟语气条件句，将句子还原后为if he had caught the morning train。主句中的would not have been late则暗示这里是对过去情况的假设，虚拟条件句中，如含有were, had, should等，且省略if时，常用倒装。因此选D项。

　　11．(2017·江苏高考）It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________ bring me food.

　　A．might

　　B．wouldC．should

　　D．could

　　【答案】选C

　　【解析】句意：我感到很不好受，虽然他们自己很穷，竟然还给我带来食物。should“竟然”，表示惊讶，符合句意。

　　12．(2017·陕西高考）My book, The House of Hades, is missing. Who ________ have taken it?

　　A．need

　　B．mustC．should

　　D．could

　　【答案】选D

　　【解析】句意：我的书《哈迪斯之屋》丢了。谁可能拿走了它？根据句子的意思，表示对过去某事的推测，由于在疑问句中，故要用could have done。need have done“本需要做某事却没有做”；must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定做过”，常用于肯定句；should have done“本应该做某事而没有做”。故答案为D。

　　13.（2017·陕西高考）We would rather our daughter ________ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.

　　A．would stay

　　B．has stayedC．stayed

　　D．stay

　　【答案】选C

　　【解析】句意：我们宁愿女儿和我们待在家里，但是这是她的选择，她不再是个孩子了。would rather“希望，宁愿”，后接从句，从句中常用虚拟语气。谓语用一般过去时来表示对现在或将来情况的虚拟，意为“宁愿……，还是……好些”。故答案为C。

　　14.（2017·浙江高考）They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they ________ to our help.

　　A．would have come

　　B．could comeC．have come

　　D．had come

　　【答案】选A

　　【解析】句意：我们进行调查研究的那几个月他们刚好在国外，否则他们会来帮忙的。此处为与过去情况相反的虚拟语气。故选A。

　　15.（2017·浙江高考）I've ordered some pizza, so we ________ worry about cooking when we get home tired.

　　A．can't

　　B．dare notC．needn't

　　D．may not

　　【答案】选C

　　【解析】因为事先订好了比萨，所以当然就不必在回家很累时担心做饭问题了。据此应该选择C项，needn't“不必”，也可用don't have to。

　　16.（2017·重庆高考）—I spent two weeks in London last summer.

　　—Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, ________ you?

　　A．mustn't

　　B．haven't

　　C．didn't

　　D．hadn't

　　【答案】选C

　　【解析】must have done的反意疑问句中助动词既可以用have也可以用过去式，但是如果语境中出现了明确的过去时间状语则只能用过去式，本题中出现了last summer，因此只能选择C项。

　　17.（2017·重庆高考）It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I________ it?

　　A．had done

　　B．have doneC．did

　　D．am doing

　　【答案】选A

　　【解析】as if从句后面可以用虚拟语气形式，表示与某一事实相反的情况。因为第一句交代John打坏窗子是过去的情况，所以应该选择A项。

　　I ______ to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available

　　A. went B. had gone C. would go D. would have gone

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】but I was not available”，由此可以看出，昨晚的聚会我没有参加，所以空处是与过去事实相反的动作，故正确答案是would have gone。

　　19. (2017·北京高考）If we ______ a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here in a queue.

　　A. have booked B. booked C. book D. had booked

　　【答案】D【解析】would be standing 可以推出，用的是虚拟语气，这样，if就是一个虚拟条件句，“订餐”是发生在过去，故是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，句中谓语动词应该用had done的形式，因此锁定答案。

　　20. (2017·福建高考）—Do you think George has passed the driving test?

　　—No. If so, he _____his car to our college yesterday.

　　A. would drive B. drove

　　C. would have driven

　　D. had driven

　　【答案】C【解析】句意： 你觉得乔治通过汽车驾驶员行驶执照的考试了吗？没有。如果他通过了的话，他昨天就会开车来我们大学了。根据句中的yesterday可以判断出是与过去的事实相反，所以句用would have done 结构。

　　I should not have laughed if I ______ you were serious.

　　A. thought B. would think C. had thought D. have thought

　　【答案】C【解析】本题考查非真实条件句的虚拟语气。根据主句中should not have laughed可知，本句所讲与过去事实相反。If引导非真实条件句表示与过去事实相反时，从句结构为had done.。所以选A。

　　句意：如果我当时想到你是认真的，我就不会笑了。 ______ eat out for a change this weekend.

　　A. should

　　B. might

　　C. could

　　D. would

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】suggests,后跟宾语从句，谓语动词要用（should）do sth，故答案是A。

　　23. (2017·天津高考）If he had spent more time practicing English before, he ______ able to speak it much better now.

　　A. will be B. would be

　　C has been

　　D. would have been

　　【答案】

　　【解析】句意：

　　24. (2017·浙江高考）Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam _____ at the age of six months old.

　　A. was B. be C. were D. is

　　【答案】【解析】建议孩子在就要进行眼科检查。— It rained cats and dogs this morning. I'm glad we took an umbrella.

　　— Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we ______.

　　A. hadn't B. haven't C. didn't D. don't

　　【答案】A【解析】had/hadn’t done sth的形式。

　　26. (2017·陕西高考）The children ______ lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.

　　A. must have got

　　B. must get

　　C. should have got

　　D. should get

　　【答案】A【解析】would have been，说明是与过去事实相反的，故前半句应该是对过去事实的推测，应该用情态动词+ 完成式，排除选项B，D；选项C虽然是对过去情况的猜测，但意思是“本应迷路，但没迷路”，与句意不符，排除。

　　27. (2017·新课标II) Since nobody gave him any help, he ______ have done the research on his own.

　　A. can B. must C. would D. need

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】must have done的意思就是“一定做过某事”，表示对过去发生的事情的推测。

　　28. (2017·江西高考）When I was a child, I ______ watch TV whenever I wanted to.

　　A. should B. could C. must D. need

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】考查情态动词。句意：我小的时候，无论什么时候想看电视，都可以看。本题的解题关键在于从句when I was a child；确定了整个句子的时态为过去时；need的过去式是needed因此选项D为错误；A选项should与第一人称连用，表达有义务或有责任做某事，意为“应该，应当”；B选项could用在过去时中表示“可能性”或“能力”；C选项must很少用于过去式，一般在过去时态中经常用had to来代替。

　　Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He ______ too much at the party last night.

　　A. could drink B. should drink

　　C. would have

　　D. must have drunk

　　【答案】D【解析】本题考查情态动词表示。句意：亨利看起来似乎不舒服。他肯定是昨晚的晚宴上喝多了根据时间状语last night可知，本句讲的是过去的事情，故先排除选项A，B。would have done是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的主句结构，must have done表示对过去情况猜测，“肯定做过……”。由句意理解，这里是表示猜测。故选D。

　　—Why are your eyes so red? You _______ have slept well last night.

　　—Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.

　　A. can’t

　　B. mustn’t

　　C. needn’t

　　D. won’t

　　【答案】A【解析】情态动词表猜测can’t/couldn’t have done 的意思是“过去不可能做过”， 正合题意，为正确答案；mustn’t have done 不存在，；needn’t have done 意思是“本没要做但做了”；won’t have done 意思是“将不能完成”，均与句意不符，排除。

　　31. (2017·天津高考）No one ______ be more generous; he has a heart of gold.

　　A. could B. must C. dare D. need

　　【答案】【解析】句意：表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中表示必须、必要用于疑问句、否定句It ______ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.

　　A. may B. couldn’t C. should D. needn’t

　　【答案】B【解析】can’t /couldn’t be 的意思是“不可能是”，故为正确答案。

　　33. (2017·北京高考）--- You needn’t take an umbrella. It isn’t going to rain.

　　--- Well, I don’t know. It ______ do.

　　A. might B. need C. would D. should

　　【答案】A【解析】I don’t know”，既然是不清楚，那就是有可能，因此用might；

　　34. (2017·湖南高考）He ________ sleep, although he tried to when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.

　　A．wouldn't

　　B．shouldn't

　　C．couldn't

　　D．mustn't

　　【答案】【解析】wouldn’t 不愿意，shouldn’t 不该，mustn’t含有禁止的意思，couldn’t不能，故选择C。

　　35. (2017·新课标I) 29. The door ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed.

　　A. shouldn’t

　　B. couldn’t

　　C. wouldn’t

　　D. mightn’t

　　【答案】【解析】I ______ myself more ---- it was a perfect day.

　　A. shouldn’t have enjoyed B. needn’t have enjoyed

　　C. wouldn’t have enjoyed D. couldn’t have enjoyed

　　【答案】【解析】 have done表示对过去的推，肯定句，’t have done表示虚拟的事情却做了，needn’t have done本不必做却做了某事can’ t / couldn’t …more表示“再什么不过了，再也没有比这更… 的it was a perfect day可知“我玩得再开心不过了”， 故选择D。

　　37. (2017·重庆高考）— What are you doing this Saturday?

　　— I'm not sure, but I ______ go to the Rolling Stones concert

　　A. must B. would C. should D. might

　　【答案】D【解析】Rolling Stones音乐会。本题的关键词是I’m not sure，既然不确定，那就是不能说必须，将，

　　应该，排除选项A，B，C。

　　38.（2017·江西高考）We

　　have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.

　　A．may not B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t

　　【答案】Bmay not不可以，needn’t不需要，can't不可能， mustn't绝不可能本句句意为：既然Suzie不和我们一起吃晚饭，所以我们就不需要买这么多食物。

　　（2017·湖南高考Sorry, I am too busy now. If I ____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.

　　A. have had B. had had C. have D. had

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】考查条件状语从句中的虚拟语气，从句中用一般过去时表现在的假设。动词的时态 条件状语从句中的虚拟语气 一般过去式表对现在的假设

　　’t you see I’m on the phone?

　　—Sorry Sir, but it’s urgent.

　　A. Can

　　B. Should

　　C. Must

　　D. Would

　　【答案】 C

　　【解析】句意：“——你现在一定要打断我吗？难道你不能看到我在打电话吗？——对不起，先生，事情很急。”根据语境结合选项的词义，C选项符合题意。因此，正确答案为C选项。

　　41.（2017·辽宁高考）One of our rules is that every student

　　wear school uniform while at school.

　　A.

　　might

　　B.

　　could

　　C.

　　shall

　　D.

　　will

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。

　　42.（2017·四川高考）I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao ” just as I ____ do in China.

　　A. must

　　B. might

　　C. can

　　D. should

　　【答案】 B

　　【解析】本题考查情态动词。句意为：我靠他们足够的近以听见他们说汉语，而且我会像我在中国可能做的那样说“你好”。might表示“可能”。故选B。

　　43.（2017·陕西高考）If may car ______more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.

　　A. was

　　B. had been

　　C. should be

　　D. would be

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据主语的谓语动词可知题干是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用had done，选B。

　　44.（2017·陕西高考）I______ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.

　　A. won’t

　　B. can’t

　　C. can

　　D. will

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】考查情态动词。所填情态动词与too 构成固定句型can’t/couldn’t …too…，意思是：再……都不为过，选B。

　　45.（2017·北京高考）We ______ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me?

　　A. should face

　　B. might face

　　C. could have faced

　　D. must have faced

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】虚拟语气考点，对过去的虚拟，本能……。

　　46.（2017·北京高考）Don’t handle the vase as if it ____ made of steel.

　　A. is

　　B. were

　　C. has been

　　D. had been

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】虚拟语气考点，对现在的虚拟用were。

　　46.（2017·全国II）I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _______ find the money.

　　A. can

　　B. might

　　C. would

　　D. need

　　【答案 【解析’t have called a taxi yesterday if Harold __________us a ride home.

　　A. didn’t offer B. wouldn’t offer C. hasn’t offered D. hadn’t offered

　　【答案】D

　　48.（2017·天津高考） It’s quite warm here; we __________turn the heating on yet.

　　couldn’t

　　B. mustn’t C. needn’t

　　D. wouldn’t

　　【答案】C

　　49.（2017·全国新课程】I

　　use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.

　　A. couldn't

　　B. mustn't

　　C. shouldn't

　　D. needn't

　　【答案 【解析’t+动词原形表示：没有必要做某事。句意：我没有必要用闹钟唤醒我，因为每天早上6点火车都经过我的房子。

　　50.（2017·山东高考）If we _______ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been so successful.

　　A. haven’t made

　　B. wouldn’t make

　　C. didn’t make

　　D. hadn’t made

　　【答案解析would have done的形式。句意：如果我们没有做好充分的准备，会议就不会这样成功。

　　51.（2017·福建高考）We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we________ more places of interest yesterday.

　　A. visited B. had visited C. would visit

　　D. would have visited

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】本题关键是从时间状语yesterday知道是对过去的虚拟，前半句是个过去的客观事实“我们在那个小山村迷路”，otherwise否则后半句是用对过去的虚拟would have done，答案为D项。对虚拟语气的做法主要是看时间状语或是看里面的关键词是对什么时间的虚拟，这就很容易了。

　　52.（2017·江苏高考）— Happy birthday!

　　—Thank you! It’s the best present I for.

　　A. should have wished B. must have wished

　　C. may have wished D. could have wished

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】A项意为“本应该期望而实际上并非如此”；B项意为“一定希望”；C项意为“也许希望”；D项意为“可能希望”。句意为：——生日快乐！——谢谢你！这是我所能期望的最好的礼物了。根据句意可知，应选D项。

　　53.（2017·江苏高考）Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but

　　say where he was.

　　A. mustn't B. shouldn't C. wouldn't D. mightn't

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】mustn’t意为“禁止”；shouldn’t意为“不应该”；wouldn’t意为“不愿意”；mightn’t意为“或许不”。句意为：几天后，我哥哥打电话说他一切很好，但不愿意说他在哪儿。根据句意可知，应选C项。

　　54.（2017·安徽高考）Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she

　　there, she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often.

　　A. lives

　　B. would live

　　C. having asked

　　D. Were to

　　live

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】在表示将来的情况下，主句中第一人称可用should，其他人称用would；从句中任何人称都用should,不可用would.

　　高考）They

　　have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.

　　A.will

　　B.can

　　C.must

　　D.should句意为“他们本该午饭时到达，但他们的航班推迟了。”will have done将来可以完成；can have done可能做过……吗？表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句；must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做。but their flight was delayed本来该，高考）If you

　　smoke, please go outside.

　　A. can

　　B. should

　　C. must

　　D. maymust (表示主张)一定要，坚持要。根据后一句please go outside的要求，选C。

　　57.（2011·北京高考）I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him?

　　——Don’t worry. He

　　come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.

　　A. must not

　　B. need not

　　C. would not

　　D. might not

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】句意为“——我真不喜欢James。你为何请了他？——别担心。他可能来不了。他说他的计划还没安排好。”题干中的he wasn’t certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定might not。选D。北京高考）Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.

　　——I wish they

　　always late.

　　A. weren’t

　　B. hadn’ t been

　　C. wouldn’t be

　　D. wouldn’t have been

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】句意为“——孩子们哪儿去了？这顿饭快要吃不起来了。——我但愿他们不要老是迟到。”wish引出虚拟语气，题干中出现always，从句虚拟使用一般过去时。选A。北京高考）Maybe if I

　　_s, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.

　　A. studied

　　B. would study

　　C. had studied

　　D. was studying

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】句意为“或许当初我要是学了理科而不是文科，现在就能给你更多的帮助。”then表示过去的时间，if引导的从句是对过去的虚拟，因此使用过去完成时。选C。高考）

　　sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.

　　A. had come

　　B. was coming

　　C. would come

　　D. would have come

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】句意为“我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。”but I didn’t know表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done上海高考）

　　_go out of their homes to contact the real world.

　　A. mustn’t B. won’t C. mightn’t D. shouldn’t

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】句意为“现在一些年轻人就是不愿意走出家门接触真正的世界。”mustn’t禁止，不允许；won’t不愿意，就是不，偏不，具有主观性；mightn’t可能不；shouldn’t不应该。根据句意选B。

　　62.（2011·江苏高考）I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.

　　——How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone

　　it.

　　A. will have stolen

　　B. might have stolen

　　C. should have stolen

　　D. must have stolen

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】句意为“——我把我的手提包落在火车上了。但幸运的是，有人拾到交给了铁路部门。——失而复得，简直难以置信！我是说，本来可能有人会偷了去。”will have done将来可以完成must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测should have done本来应该做某事，而实际没做might have stolen 过去可能做过，语气比较婉转或不肯定福建高考）Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?

　　——I am afraid you______, in case he comes late for the meeting .

　　A.will

　　B.must

　　C.may

　　D.can

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】句意为“——需要我现在就通知他计划有变吗？——恐怕你得这样做，以防他开会迟到。”must (表示必要、命令或强制)必须,得B。福建高考）——Py you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.

　　——I

　　_____ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.

　　A.attended

　　B.had attended

　　C.would sttend

　　D.would have attended

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】句意为“——真可惜你错过了那场有关核污染的讲座。——我本可以去听的，但我当时忙于工作面试。”对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done安徽高考）What do you think of store shopping in the future?

　　——Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _____.

　　A. will never replace

　　B. would never replace

　　C. will never be replaced

　　D. would never be replaced

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】句意为“——你对将来的商店购物怎么看？——我个人认为会与在家购物并存，但商店购物不会被取代。”根据I think it will exist along with home shopping，排除虚拟的选项D，这是表示将来的时间，考虑到被动语态，选C。

　　66.（2011·浙江高考）’s your new babysitter?

　　——We ________ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.

　　A. should

　　B. might

　　C.

　　mustn‘t

　　D. couldn’t

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】句意为“——你的新保姆怎么样？——找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢她。”should应该；might可能，可以；mustn‘t禁止；couldn’t不可能。根据句意选D。

　　67.（2011·四川高考）The police still haven’t found the lost child, but they’re dong all they______.

　　A.can

　　B.may

　　C.must

　　D.should

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】句意为“警方依然没有找到失踪的孩子，但他们现在正在做他们所能做的一切。”can可以，能够；may可能，许可；must必须；should应该。根据句意，选A。

　　68.（2011·重庆高考）——Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night?

　　—— I wanted to ,but my mom simply _________ not let me out so late at night.

　　A. could

　　B. mightC. would

　　D. should

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】句意为“——昨晚你为什么没来参加Simon的聚会？——我想来的，但我妈妈是不愿我这么晚出来。”could可以，能够，表示可能性或用于婉转语气；might可能，表示不确定；would愿偏要，表示意志；should应该，表示建议、命令、决定等。根据题意选C。陕西高考）I__________through that bitter period without your generous help.

　　A. couldn’t have gone

　　B. didn’t goC. wouldn’t go

　　D. hadn’t gone

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】句意为“没有你的慷慨帮助，我是不可能度过那段痛苦的时期的。”that bitter period表示过去的时间，对过去的虚拟语气用主语+should / would / could / might + have done陕西高考）Will you read me a story ,Mummy?

　　——OK. You________have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.

　　A. might

　　B. must

　　C. could

　　D. shall

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】句意为“——妈妈，可以读一个故事给我听吗？——好的，如果你马上上床睡觉的话。”shall 用于陈述句中的第二、第三人称时,表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等，题中是母亲对儿子的承诺，故选D。

　　71.（2011·湖南高考）辽宁高考）If you______go, at least wait until the storm is over.

　　A. can

　　B. may

　　C. must

　　D. willcan可以，能够；may 可能，许可；must(表示主张)一定要，坚持要；will将要，愿意。根据后句的劝告，选C。

　　73.（2011·江西高考）’s only six o’clock.

　　A. mustn’t

　　B.can’t

　　C.won’t

　　D.needn’t

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】句意为“不可能是邮递员在门口，才六点钟呢。”mustn’t 禁止，不允许；can’t 不可能won’t 不愿意，就是不，偏不；needn’t 不需要。根据后一句中“现在仅仅是六点”，only一词肯定语气强烈，前一句为门外的绝不可能是邮递员。故选B。高考）’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.

　　A.will put

　　B. will have put

　　C. would put

　　D. would have put

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】句意为“要不是因为他最近受伤，我们本应该把的名字进昨天的比赛名单中。主语+should / would / could / might + have done安徽高考）Jack described his father, who _______a brave boy many years ago, as a strong– willed man

　　A. would be

　　B. would have been C. must be

　　D. must have been

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】句意为 “杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人, 他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢。”用must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测。

　　Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he-_______

　　A. was busy

　　B. is busy

　　C. had been busy.

　　D. will be busy

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】前句表示对过去的虚拟, 而but之后表示过去的客观事实, 故用一般过去时态。

　　77.（2010·湖南You______buy a gift, but you can if you want to.

　　A. must

　　B. mustn’t

　　C. have to

　　D. don’t have to

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】don’t have to 意为 “没有必要”, 符合语境, 句意为：“你没有必要买礼物, 但如果你想买的话, 你也可以买。”

　　If he______my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.

　　A. followed

　　B. should follow

　　C. had followed

　　D. would follow

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】根据 “wouldn’t have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟, 故选C项。

　　79.（2010·江西I have told you the truth. ______ I keep repeating it?

　　A Must

　　B Can

　　C May

　　D Will

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】must 必须, 一定 can 可以, 能够 may 也许 will 意愿, 倾向性动作, 前半句说我告诉你事实了, 这里用的是现在完成时, 表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响, 既然我已经说了, 我还必须重复一遍吗？

　　山东I_______ have watched that movie —it’ll give me horrible dreams.

　　A. shouldn’t

　　B. needn’t

　　C. couldn’t

　　D. mustn’t

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】句意应为 “我本来不应该看那部电影的----它会使我做噩梦的。”表示 “本来不应该做而做了某事”用shouldn’t have done, 所以A项正确。

　　天津Mark______have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.

　　A. needn’t

　　B. wouldn’t

　　C. mustn’t

　　D. couldn’t

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】句意：迈克本来不必要那么忙的。这么高速驾驶之后, 他早半个小时到达了。根据后面的语境, 提前半个小时到达, 说明Mark本来不必那么匆忙, 所以用needn’t

　　have done 结构, 表示 “本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了”。

　　John went to the hospital alone. If he______me about it, I would have gone with him.

　　A. should tell

　　B. tells

　　C. told

　　D. had told

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】句意：约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话, 我会跟他一起去的。前一句是陈述语气, 说明动发生在过去, 而且后一句的主句已经是would have gone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构, 应该用had +过去分词。

　　83.（2010·四川—______I take the book out?

　　—I’m afraid not.

　　A. Will

　　B. May

　　C. Must

　　D. Need

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】表请求可用情态动词can, may, could, might ,表允许用can, may.句意为： “我可以将这本书带出去吗？” “恐怕不行”。故应选表情请求的情态动词may。正确答案为B。

　　全国ⅠJust be patient .You ______ expect the world to change so soon .

　　A. can’t

　　B. needn’t

　　C. may not

　　D. whether

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】句意：耐心一点儿, 你不能期望世界变化如此快。通过选项此题考查情态动词, can’t在否定句中可以表示推测, 译为不可能,可以表示能力, 译为不能够, 也可以表示命令, 不允许, 但是语气比mustn’t弱, 具有劝慰的意思, 根据句意此题中选择A, can’t表示劝慰。

　　江苏—I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.

　　—Don’t worry. You______ have it by Friday.

　　A. could

　　B. shall

　　C. must

　　D. may

　　w_

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】shall在第二人称中表示允诺, 还可以表示强制, 命令, 威胁, 警告。还有在法律条文中的要求或规定。

　　George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture.

　　A. focus

　　B. focused

　　C. would

　　focus

　　D. had focused

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】would rather后应用虚拟语气, 表示与现在时间相反, 用动词的过去式

　　陕西May I take this book out of the reading room?

　　No, you

　　. You read it in here.

　　A. mightn’t

　　B. won’t

　　C. needn’t

　　D. mustn’t

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】英语中用could, might表示询问或征求意见的问句中, 肯定性应答要用can或may来代替could或might, 而may或might征求意见的问句否定应答时要用mustn’t, 故本题选D。

　　陕西If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.

　　A. take

　　B. had taken

　　C. took

　　D. have taken

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语, 根据主句的谓语动词形式might have ar rived可知题干是与过去事实相反, 故所填部分用had+过去分词形式, 选B。

　　89.（2010·全国ⅡI’m afraid Mr. Harding _________see you now. He’s busy.

　　A. can’t

　　B. mustn’t

　　C. shouldn’t

　　D .needn’t

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】结合语境, 根据情态动词用于疑问或否定推测时, 要用can’t。

　　湖北It’s said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they ________（不可能做到）because the ocean in between is too wide. (do)

　　can’t/ couldn’t have done it

　　【解析】当要对过去进行肯定的推测时, 要用 “can’t/couldn’t+have+done”的结构

　　Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention ________ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss)

　　(should) be discussed

　　“insist”引导的宾语从句要用虚拟, 从句结构是“should”（可省略）加动词原形, 主语“problem” 是要 “被讨论”。

　　92.（2010·辽宁Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise.

　　A. can

　　B. will

　　C. must

　　D. may

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】句意：医生说锻炼对身体重要, 但是必须是有规律的锻炼。Can一般表示 “可能, 或能力”；will表示 “意志”；may表示 “许可, 可能”；must表示 “必须”。

　　北京---Good morning. I’ve got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.

　　--Ah, good morning. You

　　be Mrs. Peters.

　　A. might

　　B. must

　　C. would

　　D. can

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】第一个说话人说和史密斯小姐有约, 那下面的人就回应说, "那您一定就是Mrs. Peters了"因此排除A, C, D

　　--The weather has been very hot and dry.

　　--Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables______.

　　A. wouldn't die

　　B. didn't die

　　C. hadn't died

　　D. wouldn't have died

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】第二个说话人的If条件句是我们选择正确答案的关键。要是当时下雨了, 现在的情况就好的多了！我的蔬菜也就不会死了。过去没有下雨, 所以我的蔬菜干死了也是发生在过去。而将句子还原则为If it had rained even a drop, my vegetables wouldn't have died.If+ had done, 主句为couldn’t/ shouldn't/ wouldn't have done.

　　浙江Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy______ .

　　A．would have been saved

　　B．had been saved

　　C．will be saved

　　D．was saved

　　【解析】根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气, 原形是：If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy

　　.故选择A。句意为：如果我早知道这个电脑程序, 就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。

　　浙江 “You ____ have a wrong number,” she said. “There’s no one of that name here.”

　　A. need

　　B. can

　　C. must

　　D. would

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】肯定的猜测, 用must

　　--Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.

　　---Oh, you______have done it as yesterday was the deadline.

　　A. must

　　B. mustn't

　　C. should

　　D. shouldn't

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】此处表示和过去事实相反的情况, 应该用should + have + 过去分词。本来应该做, 而未做

　　98.（2010·重庆高考）You ______park here! It’s an emergency exit.

　　A. wouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】由后面的 “这是一个紧急出口”可知, 这儿是禁止某人停车, 所以用mustn’t表示禁止某人做某事。符合语境。