（豫皖京闽粤通用）2017届高考英语北师大版一轮复习配套练习：book8 Unit 24《society》（含解析）

　　Ⅰ.语境填词

　　1．The rest of us have to evade(避让) them or just stand still to wait for the unavoidable collision(冲突)．(2015·湖南)

　　2．All human beings possess a body clock.Along with other alerting(警报) systems，this governs(支配，管理) the sleep/wake cycle.(2017·四川)

　　3．They squeeze(挤压) eating between the other daily activities.(2017·陕西)

　　4．We are a voluntary(自愿的) organization and registered charity without financial links to the National Park Authority.(2011·江苏)

　　5．Minor died in 1920，seven years before the first edition(版本) of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed.(2017·山东)

　　Ⅱ.单句语法填空

　　1．So far the well­known journalist has accumulated(accumulate) more than 4,000 interviews with famous people.(2017·湖北)

　　2．Volunteer work at home and abroad with the physically and mentally handicapped，the homeless(homelessness)，the elderly and orphans.(2017·广东)

　　3．Some schools will have to make adjustments(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.(2015·江苏)

　　4．If men insisted on being free from the burden of self­dependence and responsibility for the common good，they would cease to be free.(2015·江苏)

　　5．Sadly，the abundance(abundant) of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing.(2017·新课标全国Ⅰ)

　　6．A British judge on Thursday sentenced a businessman who sold fake bomb detectors to 10 years in prison.(2017·四川)

　　7．—Have you heard about the recent election(elect)?

　　—Sure，it has been the only thing on the news for the last three days.(2017·湖南)

　　8．The United Nations Organization(UNO) could undertake to direct(direct) the distribution of aid.(2017·江西)

　　9．She asked Ann if she could keep an eye on the dog.(2017·山东)

　　10．What began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement.(2017·新课标全国Ⅱ)

　　Ⅲ.短语填空

　　come into being，show off，knock into sb.，break into，on principle，clean up，do away with

　　1．Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils.(2017·陕西)

　　2．All the kids declared something they could do away with for the week.(2015·全国Ⅰ)

　　3．As the unhappy newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city，the dance known as the tango(探戈舞)came into being.(2017·安徽)

　　4．As the President’s car arrived，the crowd broke into loud applause.

　　5．Not only will I keep from littering and spitting anywhere，I will also help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible.(2017·安徽)

　　6．He remained single all his life on principle.

　　7．He was in such a hurry that he almost knocked into me.

　　Ⅳ.完成句子

　　1．It’s high time that we worked/should work together to change the situation.

　　我们应该一起努力来改变形势了。(2017·重庆)

　　2．It’s not doing the things we like，but liking the things we have to do that makes life happy.

　　让生活愉快的不是做我们喜欢的事情，而是喜欢那些我们不得不做的事情。(2017·湖南)

　　3．—Look，here comes your dream girl.Invite her to dance.

　　—I don’t know.What if she refuses me?

　　——看，你的梦中女孩来了，去邀请她跳舞吧。

　　——我不知道(该怎么做)，要是她拒绝我怎么办？(2017·重庆)

　　4．We would rather our daughter stayed at home with us，but it is her choice，and she is not a child any longer.

　　我们宁愿我们的女儿和我们一起呆在家里，但是这是她的选择，并且她不再是一个孩子了。(2017·陕西)

　　5．Big sporting events，concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation and make it harder to find a room.

　　大的体育赛事、音乐会和展览会会增加住宿成本，并且使找到一个住处变得更难。(2017·湖南)

　　写作素材 (关于个人发展)

　　1．为了减轻家庭负担，张力自愿承担了最艰苦的工作。

　　2．此外，他在工作中还积累了丰富的经验。

　　3．他坚持认为，员工在公司发展中起着重要作用。

　　4．因此，当职位出现空缺，公司将一切考虑在内，推选他为公司副总。

　　提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用宾语从句、不定式作状语以及现在分词作状语。

　　连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇60词左右的英语短文)

　　To relieve/reduce the burden of the family，Zhang Li was voluntary to undertake the toughest task.In addition，he accumulated abundant experience，insisting that it was the staff that play an important role in the development of the company.Consequently，when there was a vacant post，the company took all things into account and elected him vice­president of the company.

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(建议用时8′)

　　People in the western state of California who are in the United States illegally can now request a driver’s license.The law went into effect on January 1.California is not the first American state with such a law，but it has the largest number of illegal immigrants.More than a million people began to request licenses shortly after the new state law went into effect.Among them was Christian Alvarado.Mr.Alvarado entered the United States from El Salvador eight years ago without permission from the U．S.government.Some call such people “illegal immigrants”. Others call them “undocumented immigrants”．

　　Mr.Alvarado thinks it so exciting，for he has been waiting for the license for a long time.But some are worried that their personal information will be used to find them and deport them.Armando Botello is a spokesman for the California Department of Motor Vehicles，or DMV.He says people should not be afraid，for such information will not be shared.

　　The new licenses are the same as licenses given to citizens except that they have the words “Federal Limits Apply”．That means the license cannot be used to travel on an airplane or enter a federal building.Ana Garcia，working at the Central American Resource Center，says some illegal immigrants fear those words will be used to abuse them.Civil rights groups say the police and others will not.

　　Dan Schnur，a political scientist at the University of Southern California，said that the main argument against the new law is that it rewards illegal behavior.But Professor Schnur argued that young，white Americans generally support immigration reform，including giving driver’s licenses to illegal immigrants.

　　“It’s simply because they grew up in a much more multicultural society than their parents or their grandparents did.” Professor Schnur says he believes the changes in beliefs about illegal immigrants that have taken place in California will spread throughout the United States.

　　1．Why did the new law make Mr.Alvarado excited?

　　A．Because he can request a driver’s license.

　　B．Because he became a legal immigrant of California.

　　C．Because he got his driving license as an illegal immigrant.

　　D．Because a law went into effect for the new immigrants.

　　答案　A

　　解析　细节理解题。根据文章第一句“People in the western state of California who are in the United States illegally can now request a driver’s license.”及第二段第一句可知，非法进入美国加利福尼亚西部的人现在可以申请司机驾照，因此作为非法移民的Mr.Alvarado很高兴。故选A。

　　2．What is the difference of the new licenses compared to those given to citizens’？

　　A．The words “Federal Limits Apply” will abuse illegal immigrants.

　　B．They can’t be used to travel on an airplane or enter a federal building.

　　C．They can be used to act against the police and other people.

　　D．With the words “Federal Limits Apply”，immigrants can enjoy special rights.

　　答案　B

　　解析　细节理解题。由倒数第三段第二句“That means the license cannot be used to travel on an airplane or enter a federal building.”这意味着这种驾照不能用来乘坐飞机或者进入联邦大厦。故选B。

　　3．What’s the public’s attitude towards the new law released on January 1 in California?

　　A．Supportive.

　　B．Negative.

　　C．Neutral.

　　D．Controversial.

　　答案　D

　　解析　推理判断题。纵观全文，当地非法移民、政治学家及民众等对于此项改革的看法不尽相同，因此，公众态度是有争议的。

　　B

　　(建议用时8′)

　　The term “Industry 4.0” refers to the fourth industrial revolution.The first industrial revolution was the production of goods with machines like steam engines，which was followed by the second industrial revolution that introduced mass production with the help of electric power，followed by the digital revolution—the use of electronics and IT in production.

　　Industry 4.0 is a high­tech project，which promotes the computerization of manufacturing(制造业)．The basic principle of Industry 4.0 is that by connecting machines，work pieces and systems，we are creating intelligent networks along the entire value chain that can control each other automatically.The goal is the Smart Factory，which adapts well and uses resources efficiently as well as linking customers and business partners with great intelligence.Technological basis are the Internet systems and advanced factories.Experts believe that Industry 4.0 could be a reality in about 10 to 20 years.

　　So，what effects does this change have on the classic manufacturing？According to an expert，“it is highly likely that the world of production will become more and more networked until everything is connected with everything else.” Networks and processes have so far been limited to one factory.But in the time of Industry 4.0，the boundaries(界限) of individual factories will most likely no longer exist.Instead，they will be lifted in order to inter­connect multiple factories or even geographical regions.

　　How is an Industry 4.0 factory different from a today’s factory？In current industry environment，providing high­end quality service or product with the least cost is the key to success.Factories are trying to increase their profit as much as possible.In the time of Industry 4.0，various data sources are available to provide worthwhile information about different aspects of the factory.Using data for understanding the current condition and checking faults and failures is a natural thing.The sharing of information around the clock and around the globe will enable these connected systems to manage themselves independently，work more efficiently and identify any errors quickly.

　　The good news is that Europe is much better prepared for the Industry 4.0 revolution than one might think.Europe will position itself as a pioneer in the fourth revolution.Industry 4.0 is a project in the high­tech strategy of the German government.Meanwhile，in the U．S.，some companies are also working hard on it.But the success of industry depends on whether business and politics can work together.It’s not only politics that needs to help open the door for Industry 4.0.Every company is advised to seize the new digital opportunities.

　　4．What marks the coming of Industry 4.0?

　　A．Steam engines.

　　B．Mass production.

　　C．Use of electronics.

　　D．Intelligent networks.

　　答案　D

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，数字化的改革，电子信息技术标志着工业4.0的到来。故选D。

　　5．Industry 4.0 will probably result in

　　in the world of manufacturing.

　　A．production limited to an individual factory

　　B．everything connected with everything else

　　C．networks and processes no longer existing

　　D．classic factories stopping their competition

　　答案　B

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“Industry 4.0 is a high­tech project，which promotes the computerization of manufacturing(制造业)．The basic principle of Industry 4.0 is that by connecting machines，work pieces and systems，”可知选B。

　　6．According to the last paragraph，who is the most active in pushing Industry 4.0?

　　A．The European companies.

　　B．The American government.

　　C．The American companies.

　　D．The German government.

　　答案　D

　　解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“Industry 4.0 is a project in the high­tech strategy of the German government.”可知，选项D正确。

　　7．The writer’s attitude towards Industry 4.0 can best be described as

　　.

　　A．supportive

　　B．negative

　　C．doubtful

　　D．cautious

　　答案　A

　　解析　观点态度题。纵览全文，作者主要介绍工业4.0的含义及其所带来的利益，故可推知作者持支持的态度。

　　Ⅱ.语法填空(建议用时10′)

　　In the days when an ice cream cost much less，Tom,8.an 8­year­old boy，entered a hotel coffee shop 9.and sat at a table.A waitress put a glass of water in front of him.“How much is an ice cream？” “Fifty­cents，” replied the waitress.The little boy pulled 10.his right hand out of the pocket and studied a number of coins in it.

　　“How much is a dish of plain ice cream？” he asked.Some people were now waiting for her service and the waitress grew a bit 11.impatient(patience)．“Thirty­five cents，” she said 12.rudely(rude)．The little boy carefully counted the coins 13.again.“I will have a plain ice cream，” he said.The waitress walked 14.away/off.The boy finished the ice cream，paid the cashier and left.It was not long 15.before the waitress came back and then she began to wipe down the table and suddenly was surprised 16.at what she saw.There,17.placed(place) neatly beside the empty dish，were two nickels and five pennies—her tip!

　　Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时9′)

　　One cold evening during the holiday season，a little boy about six or seven was standing out in the front of a store window.The little child has no shoes and his clothes was just rags.A young woman passes by saw the little boy and could read the desire in his pale blue eyes.She took the child by the hand and led him into the store.There she bought her some new shoes and a complete suit of warmly clothing.They came back outside into the street，so the woman told the child to go home and have a happy holiday.The little boy looked her and asked how she was God.She smiled and replied that she was just one of his child.

　　答案　

　　One cold evening during the holiday season，a little boy about six or seven was standing out in the

　　front of a store window.The little child

　　no shoes and his clothes

　　just rags.A young woman

　　by saw the little boy and could read the desire in his pale blue eyes.She took the child by the hand and led him into the store.There she bought

　　some new shoes and a complete suit of

　　clothing.They came back outside into the street， the woman told the child to go home and have a happy holiday.The little boy looked

　　her and asked

　　she was God.She smiled and replied that she was just one of his .

　　Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时25′)

　　(2016·湖南十校共同体高三联考)

　　假设你是学生会主席，你校学生会打算对某贫困山区的孩子提供帮助。请用英语写一封倡议书，号召全体学生进行捐赠，内容应包括以下要点：

　　1．贫困山区孩子的状况；

　　2．捐赠的时间和地点：12月1日至10日，体育馆；

　　3．捐赠的物品包括：衣服、书籍、现金等；

　　4．捐赠的意义。

　　注意：1.词数：100左右；

　　2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

　　3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

　　Dear schoolmates，

　　At present，there are many children in the poor areas still living a hard life.

　　I hope everyone will take action at once.Thank you!

　　The Student Union

　　参考范文

　　Dear schoolmates，

　　At present，there are many children in the poor areas still living a hard life.They don’t have enough food to eat or clothes to wear.Furthermore，they can’t afford to attend school.In order to call on everyone to help the poor children in the mountainous areas，we do hope all of us will try to do something for them.

　　From 1st to 10th in December，we’ll collect some clothes，books or even money in the gym，which will be sent to the poor areas later.If you are willing to donate something to the poor children，do come to the gym in time.

　　With your help，not only will the children enjoy a happy life but also they’ll have a good education.

　　I hope everyone will take action at once.Thank you!

　　The Student Union