2017版【高考一本解决方案】高考英语（新课标版）考点题组训练：专题2 介词、介词短语和短语动词（含解析）

　　1．(2016·新课标Ⅰ)My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.

　　dream后加of　句意：我叔叔说他从没梦想过在短时间内变得富有。dream of doing sth.“梦想做某事”为固定短语。

　　(2016·新课标Ⅲ)Now I am leaving home to college.

　　to→for　句意：现在我要离开家去上大学。根据句意可知此处指的是“离开家去上大学”所以用for表示目的。

　　(2016·四川)Dad cleaned the househopping.

　　3．去掉on　句意：爸爸打扫了房子然后去购物了go shopping“去购物”是固定短语。

　　(2015·新课标Ⅰ)Unfortunately

　　4．on→with　句意：不幸的是随着工业化的发展环境受到了污染。on表示“在……方面”表示“随着……”。根据句意可知指两件事情伴随而行with。

　　(2015·新课标Ⅱ)Tony saw a toy on a shop window.

　　on→in　句意：托尼看见了橱窗中摆设的玩具。玩具应该在橱窗里面而不是在橱窗的表面上应用in。

　　(2015·陕西)My soccer coach retired in last week.

　　去掉in　句意：我的足球教练上个星期退休了。last week前面不加介词去掉介词in。

　　(2015·四川)Please help with me and give me some advice.

　　去掉with　句意：请帮帮我给我一些建议。动词help为及物动词其后接宾语时无需加介词故去掉with。

　　(2017·新课标Ⅰ)Nearly five years ago(圣女果)in our back garden.

　　by→of　句意：大约五年前在父亲的帮助下姐姐和我在后院种植了一些圣女果。with the help of“在……的帮助下”为固定短语。

　　(2017·浙江)If we could show concern to others on need

　　9．on→in　句意：如果我们向那些需要帮助的人表示关心这个世界就会变得更美好。in need“在困难中的”为固定搭配。

　　(2017·广西)The more friends we have

　　10．for→from　句意：我们的朋友越多我们相互之间学到的东西就越多我们一起分享的快乐也就越多。learn for“为……而学习”n from sb.“向某人学习”。根据句意可知此处指向朋友学习应用from。

　　(2017·陕西)My uncles immediately jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird.

　　on→at　句意：叔叔们立马跳了起来向鸟儿射箭。at表示瞄准的对象或者方向；on表示“在……上面”。根据句意可知指瞄准鸟儿应用at。

　　(2017·四川)Today

　　12．with→about　句意：今天我将谈论当听到警报时我们该做什么事情。with“与……一起”指关于某件事情。根据句意可知此处指关于我们该做什么事情应用about。

　　(2016·新课标Ⅰ)But my connection with pandas goes back ________ my days on a TV show in the mid­1980s，when I was the first...

　　1．to　句意：但是我与熊猫之间的联系要追溯到20世纪80年代中期我在一档电视节目的时候那是我第一次……。go back to“追溯到”是固定短语。

　　(2016·新课标Ⅱ)Most of us are more focused ________ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.

　　2．on　句意：我们大多数人在早晨时对任务的注意力要比晚些时候的注意力更集中。be focused on意为“集中于……”。

　　(2016·新课标Ⅲ)Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India，for example，most people traditionally eat ________ their hands.

　　3．with　句意：筷子并非被亚洲的所有国家(的人民)使用。例如在印度大部分的人习惯用手吃饭。with“用……符合句意。

　　(2016·四川)The mother continued to care for the young panda ________ more than two years.

　　4．for　句意：这位母亲持续照顾熊猫幼崽两年多。“for＋一段时间”作时间状语表示“持续了一段时间”。

　　(2016·浙江)In this article，you need to back up general statements ________ specific examples.

　　5．with　句意：在这篇文章中你需要用具体with表示“用……”。

　　(2016·天津)Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she gave voice ________ her opinion on the subject.

　　6．to　句意：在讨论刚开始时玛丽一言不发但最后她就这个主题发表了自give voice to“表达吐露发泄”符合句意。

　　(2016·天津)I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to carry ________ a conversation with her.

　　7．on　句意：我不喜欢她在我工作时给我打电话——我总是太忙不能和她进行会话。carry on“继续进行从事”符合句意。

　　(2015·新课标Ⅰ)Instead，I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away ________ car and offers all the scenery of the better­known city.

　　8．by　句意：然而我直接去了阳朔。对于那些飞往桂林的人来说坐车只需要一个小时的路程……乘坐交通工具常用by加可数名词的单数形式开车”。

　　(2015·新课标Ⅱ)When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to__cool the house during the hot day: ________ the same time，they warm up again for the night.

　　9．at　句意：天亮墙壁放热变冷使房子热天凉爽；同时夜晚变暖和。at the same time“与此同时”为固定短语。

　　(2015·福建)A common memory they all have ________ their school days is the school uniform.

　　10．of　句意：他们对在校时期的共同记忆是校服。名词memory 常与介词of 连用意为“对……的记忆”。

　　(2017·新课标Ⅱ)I got a place next ________ the window，so I had a good view of the sidewalk.

　　11．to　句意：我找了个靠窗的位置next接介词to意为“紧挨着紧靠着”。

　　(2017·广东)．..and my credit card had already been charged ________

　　12．for　句意：……我的信用卡已经为这次预订付钱了。charge...for...“因……向……收费”是固定搭配。

　　(2017·广西)September 30 is the day ________ which you must pay your bill.

　　13．by　句意：九月三十日之前你必须缴付账单。该介词与关系代词which一起引导定语从句指the day；再根据“到……为止”可知用by。

　　(2017·北京)Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves________ half an hour.

　　14．in　句意：简很匆忙因为开往机场的火车半小时后就要开动了。根据句子的一般现在时表示将来以及空后表示时间段的half an hour判断填介词in表示“在……之后”。

　　(2017·重庆)She drove so fast

　　at the turn that the car almost went ________the road.

　　15．off　句意：她在拐弯处开得如此快以至于车子差点冲出了马路。根据副词almost结合句意分析可知此处指万幸没发生的险情即脱轨此处填off表示“脱离”。

　　(2017·江西)It is unbelievable that Mr Lucas leads a simple life ________ his great wealth.

　　16．despite　句意：让人难以置信的是卢卡斯先生虽然非常富裕但是却过着简朴的生活。结合语境可知此处填despite表示“尽管”。

　　(2017·山东)The Smiths are praised________the way they bring up their children.

　　17．for　句意：史密斯夫妇因为他们养育孩子的方式而受到称赞。因句中are praised这一被动结构考生很容易理解为“被……表扬”而误填by。此处是固定短语be praised for...意为“因……而受到称赞”。

　　(2017·上海)—I'm looking for a nearby place for my holiday.Any good ideas?

　　—How about the Moon Lake？It is________easy reach of the city.

　　within　句意：——我在寻找一个就近的地方度假。有什么好主意吗？——月亮湖怎么样？它离城市不远。由题干中关键信息a nearby place可知要对方推荐一个附近的地方度假而介词短语within easy reach of意为“在……附近距离……不远”。

　　(2017·湖北)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ________chance a long­lost antique Greek vase.

　　19．by　句意：一位艺术家近来坐渡船去南部岛屿旅游的时候偶然间发现了一个遗失多年的古希腊花瓶。根据句意可知这里用短语by chance表示“偶然无意间”。

　　(2017·福建)Mrs Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess，as her children are always________the way whenever she tries to.

　　20．in　句意：史密斯太太发现很难收拾干净因为每当她试图收拾时她的孩子们总是妨碍她。根据句意可知这里是短语in the way表示“挡道妨碍”。

　　(2017·陕西)The manager wants to see changes in the company，and I am sure he will ________time.

　　21．in　句意：这位经理想看到公司的变化我确信他迟早会看到的。根据句意可知这里用短语in time表示“迟早最后及时”。

　　首先观察该词前是否有名词、动词、形容词等根据介词与它们的搭配来判断出答案解题的关键是掌握一些固定搭配和固定短语。

　　(2015·浙江)My old classroom was interesting because three sides of the classroom were made from glass.

　　【解析】　from→of　句意：我原来的教室很有趣因为有三面是玻璃墙。be made of be made from指在成品中看不出原材料即由化学变化而成的。根据句意可知玻璃墙是用玻璃做成的只是将玻璃切割、安装而已属于物理方法应用of。

　　(2017·辽宁)Don't laugh ________ me.I may look funny.

　　【解析】　at　句意：不要嘲笑我。我可能看上去很滑稽。laugh at“嘲笑”是固定搭配。

　　其次熟练掌握介词的基本用法即介词后用名词或相当于名词的词、短语或句子作宾语。解题时观察句中是否有这一类词以此确定所填词或所改词是否是介词；或句子中介词是否缺失或多余以便添加或删除。

　　(2015·福建)It is said that body language accounts________ 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent.

　　【解析】　for　句意：据说体态语在第一印象中占55%的作用而你所说的话仅仅占7%。account for“导致；(比例)占……。

　　(2017·辽宁)Although we've been delighted to have you as neighbors

　　【解析】　去掉us前的to　句意：我们因为有你这样的邻居而高兴但是也希望你解决一些打扰我们的问题。bother“困扰麻烦”是及物动词后面直接加宾语不需要使用介词to。

　　(2016·安徽合肥八中第一次段考)I'm very glad to hear about you are going to visit me next Friday.

　　去掉about或about→that　句意：很高兴听说你下周星期五要来看我。此处动词hear为及物动词直接带宾语从句此时宾语从句的引导词that可

　　2．(2016·安徽合肥八中第一次段考)I will take you together to a hot­pot restaurant for dinner and we'll talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner.

　　with→about　句意：我将带你一起去火锅店吃晚餐然后我们一边吃晚餐一边讨论周末计划。根据宾语our plan可知指讨论的内容后应用about。

　　(2016·湖南衡阳八中二模)People have different opinions of money.

　　of→about/on　句意：人们对金钱有多种看法。根据名词opinion与介词的搭配可知指对某事的观点、看法时后面接介词on/about。

　　(2016·湖南衡阳八中二We cannot exchange money into friendship or love.

　　4．into→for　句意：我们不能用钱来交换友谊或爱情。exchange sth.for...“交换；兑换”为固定搭配。

　　(2016·江西南昌高三联考)Some of them are even particular with food...

　　with→about/over　句意：有些人甚至对食物非常讲究……be particular about/over“讲究；对……挑剔”为固定搭配。

　　(2016·江西南昌高三联考)It's important of us to form a healthy eating habit.

　　of→for　句意：对于我们来说养成健康的饮食习惯很重要。在It's＋＋of/for...结构中当形容词表示对人的评价时用介词of；当表示对人的利害关系时用介词for。根据句意可知此处表示饮食对我们的利害关系应用for。

　　(2016·福建福州十三中高三期中)How great was his surprise at last！______ the stoneoney.

　　1．Under　句意：最后他多么惊喜啊！他发现在石头下面有一袋钱。根据句意可知此处用介词短语表示一袋钱的位置是在石头下面答案填Under。

　　(2016·江西南昌高三联考)If I meet with school violences or parents about it.I think they will help me with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys.

　　2．with　句意：要是我在学校遭遇到暴力我不会以暴力制暴力……表示“以……方式”符合语境。

　　(2016·四川成都外国语学校高三月考)Finally things ______ the other person's perspective.You may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance.

　　3．from　句意：最后试着从他人的角度看事情。你就会意识到他或她的行为出自无知。根据空格后面的句子意思可知此处指从他人的角度看问题答案填from。

　　(2015·广西南宁第一次适应性检测)I didn't know you had any interest ________

　　4．in　句意：我不知道你对绘画感兴趣。名词interest与介词in搭配对……有兴趣”。

　　(2015·黑龙江大庆高三二模)If I were short ________ to do anything much，which in those days were

　　usually the case，I could always go outside and take a look round.

　　5．of　句意：如果我缺钱买不起任何东西我会经常去外面逛逛那些日子一直是这种情况。be short of“缺少……”为固定短语。

　　(2015·山东曲师大附中高三阶段检测)Where does shyness come ________？

　　from　句意：害羞来自哪里？come from“来自……”为固定搭配。

　　(2015·山东淄博高三一摸底)Experts have a guess that the nudging was mistaken by the owners ________

　　7．for　句意：专家们猜想主人常常把推门误认为是在敲门。mistake...for...“把……误作……”为固定搭配。

　　(2017·山西运城高三上期末调研)I am familiar ________

　　8．with　句意：我对大部分流行的软件都很熟悉。be familiar with“对……熟悉”为固定短语。

　　(2017·内蒙古一机一中12月月考)Most Americans don't like to get advice ________

　　9．from　句意：大多数美国人不愿意征求家庭成员的建议。此处表示“从……”故填介词from。

　　(2017·新疆师大附中12月月考)________st choice is a good major at a good university.

　　10．In　句意：在我看来最好的选择是一所好的大学里的好的专业。in one's opinion“以某人的观点”为固定短语。

　　表示方位的ate/by和near

　　介词 用法 例句

　　at 一般指在较小的地方 I met him at the shop.

　　in 一般指在较大的地方或在某一范围内 They arrived in Beijing yesterday.

　　on 一般指在物体的表面或相邻并接壤的两个地域 The picture is hanging on the wall.

　　to 表示某范围外接壤或不接壤的两位置 Shandong Province is to the southeast of Hebei Province.

　　beside/by “在……的旁边” She was standing beside her mother.

　　near “接近；靠近” There is a supermarket near my home.

　　表示方位的between和among

　　介词 用法 例句

　　between 在两者或每两者之间 I sat down between Sue and Jane.

　　among 在三者或三者以上之间 The teacher was standing among the students.

　　表示方位的across和past

　　介词 用法 例句

　　across 从……的表面穿过 He walked across the square to meet us.

　　through 从……的内部穿过 The guide led us through the forest.

　　over 从……的上面跨过 The thief jumped over the fence and fled away.

　　past 从……的旁边经过 She walked past the shop.

　　续表

　　表示时间的介词

　　(1)表示“在……”的at，in，on

　　①at表示在某个时间点、时刻或重大节日。

　　at 9：00；at noon；at daybreak；at Christmas

　　表示在某个较长的时间内世纪、朝代或年月；泛指的上午、

　　in the 21st century；in September；in the morning

　　表示在具体的日子或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上。

　　on 2nd；on the morning of 1st

　　(2)表示“在……之后”的after

　　“after＋一段时间”在过去时句子中作时间状语相当于“一段时间＋later”“in＋一段时间”在将来时句子中作时间状语指离说话时多长时间

　　He returned home after a week(a week later)．

　　They will come to visit us in a week.

　　＋时间点”可在将来时态的句子中作时间状语；＋时间段”表示“在……时间之内”时可用于完成时或过去时的句子中。

　　clock.

　　In the last 10 years，great changes have taken place in this village.

　　(3)表示时间段的for

　　①“for＋时间段”意为“多长时间”表示动作持续的时间长短一般作完成时态或过去时态句子的时间状语。

　　He has lived in the small village for five years.

　　or 4 years.

　　②“since＋时间点”意为“自从……”作完成时态句子的时间状语。

　　I haven't heard from him since three years ago.

　　其他介词

　　(1)表示交通方式的by

　　“by＋名词”表示交通方式时名词前不加冠词；但是in后的名词必须有冠词

　　He goes to work by car every day.

　　He goes to work in his car every day.

　　(2)表示“用……”的by

　　by侧重方式、方法多用于表示无形的工具或手段的名词前；in多用于表示语言、材料的名词前；with多用于表示有形的工具、表示身体器官的名词前。

　　He earned his living by selling newspapers.

　　Please write the answer in ink.

　　They are digging with spades.

　　(3)表示“除……外”的except

　　except表示“除……之外(其他的都)”其后的宾语是被排除在外的侧重同类事物的排除；except for后被排除的内容与主语往往不besides表示“除……之外(其他的也)”其后的宾语是被包括在内的。

　　All my friends took part in the party except John.

　　His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.

　　He has learned German besides English.

　　介词可以和名词、动词、形容词等构成固定搭配。常考的有：

　　at daybreak　in case(of)

　　by the way

　　be fond of

　　be tired of

　　be proud of

　　answer/key to

　　next to

　　be similar to

　　due to

　　thanks to

　　be popular with

　　apart from

　　instead of

　　regardless of

　　in detail

　　in general

　　on purpose

　　above all

　　in all

　　after all

　　in terms of

　　in need of

　　in favor of

　　in return

　　in short

　　in place of

　　in search of

　　for fear of

　　in exchange for

　　in addition to

　　in spite of

　　in vain

　　beyond reach

　　beyond description

　　on account of

　　in a way

　　in particular

　　in charge of

　　as a result of

　　一、常考短语动词

　　动词＋about()

　　speak/talk about谈论think about思考

　　关心

　　bring about引起；使发生

　　发生

　　hear about听说

　　着手；开始

　　worry about为……担心

　　动词＋at()

　　aim at瞄准；计划

　　call at拜访(某地)

　　怒视

　　knock at敲(门、窗)

　　嘲笑

　　look at看；注视

　　指向

　　shout at(冲某人)大喊大叫

　　凝视

　　work at致力于

　　动词＋away()

　　break away摆脱

　　clear away清除掉；散去

　　减弱；逐渐消失

　　give away分发；泄露

　　去世

　　put away收起来；放好

　　扔掉

　　wash away冲走

　　动词＋back()

　　call back回电话

　　give back归还

　　控制住；阻止

　　keep back隐瞒；扣留

　　回顾

　　put back放回原处

　　动词＋down()

　　bring down把……降低

　　burn down烧毁

　　出故障；垮了

　　cut down砍倒；削减

　　平静下来

　　put down记下；镇压

　　慢下来

　　take down记下；拿下

　　拆毁；拆除

　　turn down调小；拒绝

　　动词＋for()

　　apply for申请；请求得到

　　ask for要求得到

　　对……负责任

　　beg for请求乞求

　　需要要求

　　care for关心；喜欢

　　收费；要价

　　search for寻找

　　竞选

　　stand for代表；表示

　　动词＋from()

　　date from始于……时期

　　die from因……而死

　　与……不同

　　hear from收到……来信

　　由……造成

　　separate from把……分开

　　动词＋in()

　　break in闯入；插话

　　bring in引进；带来收入

　　召集；来访

　　check in登记进入

　　插嘴；打断

　　drop in顺便拜访

　　收割；到达

　　give in让步；投降

　　上交

　　result in导致；结果是

　　动词＋into()

　　burst into突然爆发；闯入

　　change into变成

　　把…

　　look into调查；研究

　　碰到

　　turn into把……变成

　　动词＋of()

　　approve of赞成；通过

　　consist of由……组成

　　死于

　　dream of梦想；渴望

　　听说

　　think of想到

　　动词＋off()

　　break off中断；突然停止

　　come off脱落

　　切断；隔绝

　　fall off跌落；掉下

　　下车；动身

　　give off发出；放出

　　避开；勿走近

　　leave off中断

　　还清；取得成功

　　put off推迟；延期

　　送行

　　show off炫耀；卖弄

　　出发

　　take off脱下；起飞；成功

　　动词＋on()

　　call on拜访某人

　　carry on继续；进行

　　依靠依赖

　　feed/live on以……为生

　　穿着(状态)

　　put on穿上(动作)；上演

　　继续前进/工作

　　look on旁观

　　往前走；移动

　　pass on传递；传授

　　坚持

　　try on试穿

　　呈现出；承担；雇用

　　turn/switch on打开

　　动词＋out()

　　break out爆发；突然发生

　　bring out取出；

　　come out出版；出来

　　carry out执行；完成

　　查清楚；弄明白

　　give out分发；公布；用完

　　熄灭；消退

　　help out帮助

　　伸出；坚持住

　　leave out删掉；省略

　　小心谨慎

　　let out泄露；使(火)熄灭

　　理解；辨认出

　　pick out挑选出

　　扑灭；熄灭

　　run out用完；耗尽

　　发出；派遣

　　set out出发；着手

　　结果是；产生

　　work out解决；制定出

　　动词＋over()

　　go over复习；检查

　　get over克服

　　翻阅；检查

　　run over碾过；复查

　　接管；接替

　　think over仔细考虑

　　翻到；翻看

　　watch over看守；照看

　　动词＋through()

　　get through完成；通过；接通电话

　　经历；遭受；检查

　　翻阅；仔细查看

　　动词＋to()

　　add to增添；增加了

　　agree to同意

　　照料；照顾；处理

　　belong to属于

　　共计；苏醒

　　devote to致力于；奉献给

　　到达

　　lead to导致；通向

　　反对

　　refer to指的是；参考；查阅

　　坚持；忠于

　　turn to转向；求助于

　　动词＋up()

　　bring up抚养；培养

　　break up分手；破裂

　　整理；收拾

　　come up出现；提出

　　切碎

　　eat up吃光

　　放弃

　　go up上涨；增长

　　延误；举起；抢劫

　　keep up保持

　　抬头；查找

　　make up组成；编造；和解

　　举起；张贴；投宿

　　pick up拾起；开车接；学会

　　成立建立

　　stay up熬夜不睡觉

　　撕碎

　　take up占据；从事；开始干

　　调大；出现

　　use up用完

　　挂断电话

　　动词＋with()

　　agree with同意；与……一致；适应于

　　与……相比

　　deal with处理；对付

　　处理；需要

　　meet with遭遇

　　三个词以上的短语

　　总计

　　break away from摆脱

　　＝keep up with追上

　　产生；出现

　　catch sight of看见

　　在……做得好

　　get close to接近

　　＝be accustomed to习惯于

　　相处；进展

　　get out of逃避；避

　　get rid of摆脱；除掉

　　go on with继续

　　开始干(某事)

　　keep up with跟上；不落后

　　避开；不靠近

　　keep in touch with保持联系

　　留心注意

　　look up to仰望；尊敬

　　轻视看不起

　　look forward to盼望

　　取笑；开玩笑

　　＝make the most/best of利用

　　＝catch up on弥补

　　put up with容忍忍受

　　注意

　　pay a visit to访问

　　用完

　　set fire to放火烧

　　参加

　　take care of照看

　　＝be proud of以……为自豪

　　起作用；扮演角色

　　为……

　　take advantage of利用……的优势

　　负责；掌管

　　二、一些常用动词与不同介词或副词搭配

　　break away 摆脱；逃跑

　　强行闯入；突然开始(笑、哭、唱等)

　　中断；折断；突然停止

　　突然发生；爆发

　　突破；克服

　　打碎；结束；解散；分解

　　抛锚；出故障；分解

　　破门而入；打断谈话；插嘴

　　bring about 引起；造成

　　使倒下；使下降

　　提出；提前

　　显示出来；出版；生产

　　提出；教育；培养；呕吐

　　把……送回；使想起；恢复

　　引进；挣得

　　call for 需要；要求

　　取消；停止

　　拜访；看望；号召

　　打电话；使人想起；召集

　　访问

　　请来召集

　　回电话；召回

　　go along 进展；陪同前往

　　(时间)过去；经过；遵守

　　下降；下沉；下跌

　　去；选择；想要；攻击

　　从事；爱好；参加(选拔赛、考试等)

　　研究；调查从事

　　离开；爆炸；(食品)变坏；断电；熄灭；进行；发生

　　继续进行；发生；上场

　　离开

　　go over 复习；仔细查看(或检查、审查)

　　通过；经历(苦难)；仔细检查

　　上升；增长；涨价

　　come about 发生

　　偶遇；碰到；讲清楚

　　进展；成功；一道走

　　生效

　　发生；举行；成功

　　快点；走吧；有进展

　　出来；结果是；出版

　　再现；恢复知觉；改变看

　　come through 经历；获得成功

　　苏醒；达到；总数为

　　发生；走上前去；(时间)快到

　　达到(高度、程度)；符合

　　碰到(困难)

　　赶上；提出

　　回来；反驳

　　变为现实

　　cut across 绕近道穿过；超越

　　削减；剪枝；急忙返回

　　削减；减少

　　插嘴；打断；超车

　　切断；中断；隔绝

　　删掉；戒掉

　　中断；打断；缩短

　　hold back 阻碍；阻止；控制；抑制；隐瞒；阻挡

　　举起；抬起；支撑；耽搁；使停；持械抢劫

　　伸出；坚持；(供给等)维持；提供

　　拖延；延期

　　(打电话)别挂断；坚持住；挺住

　　紧紧抓住

　　忠实；坚守

　　give away 赠送；颁发；泄露；告发；失去

　　分发；公布；公开；用完；耗尽

　　发出；放出

　　放弃；自首将……交给某人(to sb.)；

　　对某人不抱希望(on sb.)

　　屈服；投降；让步；上交；呈交

　　keep away(from)使远离

　　扣除保留；隐瞒

　　避开；不接近

　　继续

　　挡在外边；(警示语)请勿靠近

　　保持不低落；持续继续

　　跟上

　　look after 照顾照料

　　注意提防当心

　　回头看；回顾

　　轻视看不起

　　寻找；寻求；期望

　　盼望；期待

　　顺便看望；顺便拜访

　　调查深入了解

　　观看；旁观

　　检查

　　ugh 浏览；快速查看

　　查阅；仰望

　　carry on 继续；坚持

　　冲走；运走；使着迷

　　实行；执行；贯彻

　　运走；获得(奖赏)

　　帮助渡过难关；完成；实现

　　put across 解释清楚；使人接受

　　放在一边储存；保留

　　放好；收好

　　写下；记下；镇压

　　orward 提出；推荐；把……提前

　　伸进；提出；提交；申请请求

　　申请；正式要求

　　延期；推迟；阻止妨碍

　　穿上戴上；上演；增加(体重)

　　熄灭扑灭；生产；出版

　　搭起；建造；提供

　　忍受；容忍

　　(把电话)接通；做完；使经受……的考验

　　set about 开始做着手

　　使

　　set aside 留出；拨出

　　推迟阻碍；使花费

　　记下写下

　　动身；出发；引起；使爆炸(cause to explode)

　　动身；启程；陈述阐明；着手做(后跟动词不定式)

　　建立；创立；开办

　　make for 向……前进；促成

　　理解领悟；辨认出

　　组成占……比例；弥补补偿；捏造

　　弥补补偿

　　take after 与……相像

　　拆卸(机器)

　　拿走；消除(病痛等)

　　记下；拆掉

　　(错)当作；(误)认为

　　吸收；接受；领会；欺骗

　　起飞；匆匆离去；脱下

　　呈现；采纳；承担从事

　　不要着急慢慢地做

　　接收接管；取代

　　喜欢；养成……的习惯

　　占据；占(时

　　pick out 挑出；分辨出；区别出

　　拿起；捡起；收拾；偶然获得；学会；接收(节目)；(开车)去接；(顺便)捎带

　　send away 送走；解雇

　　派人去请

　　分发；散发；发出(光、信号等)

　　上升；发射

　　turn down 关小调低；拒绝

　　关上关掉；转向；

　　turn out 关(灯)；制造；结果是；原来是

　　(使)翻转翻身；移交；周转；仔细考虑

　　求助于；(使)转向；(把注意力等)转向；翻书到

　　调大；被发现被找到；到达；露面

　　get through 浏览；翻阅；经历困难(痛苦)；做完某事

　　收割；收获；收集；购买；买进；插话

　　克服；战胜；熬过；做完；结束

　　继续；进行；上车

　　传播；散播；说服某

　　get about 四处走动；传开

　　传达；使……让人理解

　　(with)进展；相处

　　记下；下来；使……沮丧

　　开始认真做

　　恢复；回来；收回

　　泄露；逃离

　　聚会；收集

　　die away 渐弱

　　熄灭；平静下来

　　因……(病)死亡

　　因……(外部原因)死亡

　　灭绝；绝种

　　语法填空

　　__1__ generosity.At __2__ Asian grocery store on a busy evening，I was shopping for the items I needed for my voluntary work of cooking breakfast __3__ Saturday at a shelter for the homeless in San Jose.I went to the store to buy tofu and vegetables.As I was waiting

　　__4__ line to finish the purchase，the lady next to me approached me to find out why I was going to consume the big box of tofu I was buying.__5__(enthusiastic)，I replied that I was buying food to cook breakfast for homeless people.

　　While I was getting ready to pay the bill，to my __6__(amaze)，she offered to pay for everything.Despite multiple requests for her name，she responded that she felt good because I was doing the kind of community work which her parents once __7__(receive)help from when they came to this country __8__ refugees.Hence she wanted to take the opportunity to show her gratitude.

　　It was the best reward I had ever received for my voluntary work，__9__ began three years ago.In a strange way we are all connected and we feel __10__ each other.That's what I call being a “human”．

　　1．with　根据后面的名词generosity可知此处指大方招待某人填with。注意：此处不可因treat sb.to...(用……招待某人)而误填to。

　　an　泛指“一家水果店”用不定冠词；Asian以元音音素开头故填an。

　　on　在具体某一天用介词on。

　　in　wait in line“排队等候”是固定短语。

　　Enthusiastically　作句子状语表示“热情地”故填副词。

　　amazement　“to one's＋表示感受的名词”是固定用法令某人吃惊的是”。

　　received　由once可知本句用一般过去时。

　　as　空后的refugees表明身份故用as意为“作为”。

　　which　引导非限制性定语从句在从句中作主语指事物which。

　　for　feel for“同情体谅”为固定短语。

　　短文改错

　　he introduced herself and said they shouldn't call her Teacher Liu but Miss Liu.Late，she let us go to the blackboard and said something about ourselves with English in turn.When it was my turn，I felt too shy that I didn't dare to say anything before the class.She went up to me and said kindly，“Don't be afraid.I believe in you can do it well.” At last，I went to the blackboard.She praised me of what I had done.

　　Never shall I forget the first English lesson

　　by Miss Liu.One Monday morning，when she entered

　　the classroom，we found that she wasyoung and beautiful lady.Then she introduced herself and said

　　shouldn't call her Teacher Liu but Miss Liu.，she let us go to the blackboard and

　　something about ourselves

　　English in turn.When it was my turn，I felt

　　shy that I didn't dare to say anything before the class.She went up to me and said kindly，“Don't be afraid.I believe

　　you can do it well.” At last，I went to the blackboard.She praised me

　　what I had done.

　　1．give与lesson是被动关系故用过去分词given作后置定语。

　　是及物动词接宾语时不需要加介词。

　　是可数名词故需要加不定冠词a表示泛指“一个”。

　　根据语境可知此处指包括作者在内的学生应用第一人称复数we。

　　意为“迟到的”意later。

　　连接的两个动词都是动词let的宾补为并列关系根据前面的go可知应改为say。

　　是固定用法意为“用英语”。

　　意为“如此……以至于……”为固定句型引导结果状语从句。

　　意为“对某人的信任相信某人的人品或主意等”；而believe意为相信某事的真假。根据后面的宾语从句可知此处指相信事情。

　　因……表扬”固定用法。

　　语法填空

　　__1__ the English Channel tomorrow.She is going to set out from the French coast at five o'clock __2__ the morning.Debbie is only fourteen years old and she hopes to set

　　a new world record.She is a strong

　　__3__(swim)and many people feel that she is sure

　　__4__(succeed)．Debbie's father will set out with her in

　　__5____6__(anxious)as she swims the long distance to England.Debbie intends to take short rests every two hours.She will have something to drink

　　__7__

　　she will not eat any solid food.Most of Debbie's school friends will be waiting

　　__8__

　　her on the English coast.__9__

　　them will be Erna's mother，__10__

　　swam the Channel herself when she was a girl.

　　1．across　表示从表面穿过用介词across游过”。

　　in　in the morning“上午”是固定短语。

　　swimmer　作表语前面有a strong修饰指人故填swimmer“游泳者”。

　　to succeed　be sure to do“一定……”是固定用法。

　　a　泛指“一艘小船”前用不定冠词。

　　anxiously　修饰动词watch用副词。anxiously“焦急地”。

　　but　由will have与will not eat的对比可知本空填转折连词but。

　　for　wait for“等待”为固定短语。

　　Among　表示在多者之间用介词among。

　　who　引导非限制性定语从句在从句中作主语指人故填who。

　　短文改错

　　Some schools require that students have their hair cut shortly.Personally，I don't think that this regulation was reasonable.

　　The school says that the uniform hairstyle can save time for students to concentrate in studying.In fact，a simple pigtail won't take a long time to do it.Secondly，school students wear their hair properly long will not only protect the head for severe cold or severe heat but will also make the wearer look nicer.What's more，some students think the hairstyle is the personal matter.If the school insists making students obey the rules，it will only make the students more distant to their teachers.

　　I believe students should have the freedom of choose their own hairstyle.

　　Yours，

　　Li Ming

　　Dear Sir/Madam，

　　Some schools require that students have their hair cut .Personally，I don't think that this regulation

　　reasonable.

　　The school says that the uniform hairstyle can save time for students to concentrate

　　studying.In fact，a simple pigtail won't take a long time to do .Secondly，school students

　　their hair properly long will not only protect the head

　　severe cold or severe heat but will also make the wearer look nicer.What's more，some students think the hairstyle is

　　personal matter.If the school insistsmaking students obey the rules，it will only make the students more distant

　　their teachers.

　　I believe students should have the freedom of

　　their own hairstyle.

　　Yours，

　　Li Ming

　　1．句意：有些学校要求学生把头发剪短。根据语意应用形容词short作宾语补足语。

　　陈述自己观点应用一般现在时。

　　集中精力在……上”为固定搭配。

　　句意：事实上简单的马尾辫子梳起来不会花费很长时间。to do在此作宾语补足语不能再跟it。

　　此处students与wear之间为主动关系应用现在分词短语作定语。

　　保护……不受……”为固定搭配。

　　此处表示泛指应用不定

　　8．insist on“坚持”为固定短语。

　　根据形容词distant 及句子意思可知此处指使学生们与老师疏远须用介词from。

　　介词of后应接形式。

　　语法填空

　　__1__ can inspire us especially when we are faced with difficulties.Many of us have our mottoes，such as “Where there is a will，there is a way.” Or “Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it”，and so on.My motto is “God helps those who help __2__.” Sometimes I am lazy and don't want to make efforts to work hard，__3__ as soon as I think __4__ my motto I will get energetic again and devote myself __5__ what I am doing.I write my motto where I can see it __6__(easy)．Every time I fail in my exam and begin to lose heart of my motto __7__(inspire)me with much confidence.My motto also makes me become __8__ independent person.That is to say，I won't rely __9__ others easily.

　　What is your motto，my friends？If you still haven't got a motto__10__ you.

　　1．which/that　引导定语从句在从句中作主语先行词是a sentence or a phrase故填which或that。

　　themselves　help的主语who指代those与其宾语互指故该空填反身代词themselves。

　　but　根据句意可知此处前后句为转折关系故填连词but。

　　of　think of“想起”是固定短语。

　　to　devote oneself to...“全身心投入于……”。

　　easily　修饰动词see用副词表示“容易看到”。

　　inspires　所填词作句子的谓语主语是the sight句子用一般现在时故用第三人称单数形式。

　　an　泛指“一个独立的人”前用不定冠词因其前有以元音音素开头的independent故本空填an。

　　on　rely on“依靠”是固定短语。

　　on　have great effect on...“对……有极大影响”是固定短语。

　　短文改错

　　I'm sorry to occupy your precious time，but I really want to tell you something with the problem of some people keep too many pets nowadays.I think a problem is becoming more and more serious for the followed reasons.First of all，as it is known to people，pets make too much noise that troubles residents a lot.What's more，it's wide accepted that animal wastes pollute the environment.Many owners like taking our pets to public places where they might frighten children or even bit people.The most important is that pets can spread some disease.

　　In my opinion，people should pay many attention to it.I hope that I can get help for you.

　　Yours truly，

　　Wang Lin

　　Dear Editor，

　　I'm sorry to occupy your precious time，but I really want to tell you something

　　the problem of some people

　　too many pets nowadays.I think

　　problem is becoming more and more serious for the

　　reasons.First of all，as it is known to people，pets make too much noise that troubles residents a lot.What's more，it's

　　accepted that animal wastes pollute the environment.Many owners like taking

　　pets to public places where they might frighten children or even

　　people.The most important is that pets can spread some .

　　In my opinion，people should pay

　　attention to it.I hope that I can get help

　　you.

　　Yours truly，

　　Wang Lin

　　1．tell sb.about...“告诉某人关于某事”为固定搭配。

　　介词of后面是动名词的复合结构。

　　指上文提the表特指。

　　跟随的服从的”；following“下面的接着的”；the following reasons“下面的理由”。

　　修饰谓语动词accepted应用副词形式。

　　主语many owners为第三人称复数故应用their。

　　在此连接并列的谓语其前谓语含有情态动词might故此处应用bite。

　　为可数名词前面有some修饰故用复数形式。

　　为不可数名词故用much修饰。

　　此处指“得到来自你的帮助”应用from表示“来自”。

　　语法填空

　　__1__(strange)，camels always keep looking for dry grass __2__ their stomachs are filled up.

　　A classmate of mine whose home is __3__ the edge of Turpan Basin in Xinjiang told me his home has two camels；he said you could imagine a camel's appetite(干草)．I asked him __4__mal __5__ a strong sense of suffering，__6__(fear)its master letting it travel through the desert the next day，and the hay in its stomach is more hunger­resistant __7__ green grass.

　　The camel has the best tolerance.Unfortunately，many people can only see a camel's outstanding performance，but few understand its __8__(prepare)made for it.

　　Life，__9__ a camel traveling through the desert，__10__(need)the adequate accumulation，but not everyone can understand it.

　　1．strangely　根据句意可知这里应该用副词修饰整个句子。strangely“奇怪地”。

　　before/till/until　句意：骆驼当然喜欢吃绿草而不是干草。但是奇怪的是在骆驼把胃填满之前总是寻找before，也可用till/until。

　　on　根据句意及后面the edge of可知此处填介词on意为“在……边缘”。

　　why　根据句意及前面的ask可知指询问骆驼吃干草的原因用why引导宾语从句。

　　with　根据句意可知表示骆驼具有的意识用介词with。

　　fearing　句意：他说骆驼是一种具有很强的忧患意识感的动物害怕主人第二天让它穿越沙漠。fear动作的发出者跟前句的the camel一致因此用fearing。

　　than　句意：骆驼胃里的干草比绿草更能抵抗饥饿。more＋形容词＋than“比……更……”。

　　preparations　句意：但是几乎没人明白骆驼为它的杰make preparations for“为……作准备”是固定用法所以此处填名词复数preparations。

　　like　句意：生活就像骆驼穿越沙漠……。like介词像……。

　　needs　句中Life是主语是插入语因此谓语动词用第三人称单数needs。

　　短文改错

　　I've learned from a newspaper that some clerks are wanted on your company.I am eager to being one of them.So I am writing the letter.My name is Zhang Hua.I was born in the Hebei Province and I am in good health.I've just graduated in Wuhan University.I did very good in all subjects and I am especially good in computer studies and English.I can read science books in English and do some writing at English as well.

　　Besides，I know a little French.And in my spare time，I enjoy playing basketball.As is said that your company is very famous and I'll very glad if you let me work for it.My telephone number is 027－89276628.I am looking forward to hearing of you soon.

　　I've learned from a newspaper that some clerks are wanted

　　your company.I am eager to

　　one of them.So I am writing the letter.My name is Zhang Hua.I was born in

　　Hebei Province and I am in good health.I've just graduated

　　Wuhan University.I did very

　　in all subjects and I am especially good

　　computer studies and English.I can read science books in English and do some writing

　　English as well.

　　Besides，I know a little French.And in my spare time，I enjoy playing basketball. is said that your company is very famous and I'llvery glad if you let me work for it.My telephone number is 027－89276628 you soon.

　　1．根据句子意思结合后面的名词company可知此处指“在你们公司”应用介词in。

　　渴望”后面接动词原形。

　　因Hebei Province是专有名词前面不用冠词。

　　从……学校毕业”为固定搭配。

　　是固定短语意为“在……方面做得好”。

　　是固定短语意为“擅长……”。

　　用英语”为固定用法。

　　根据句型分析可知此处用It作形式主语替代后面的that引导的从句。

　　分析句子结构可知须用be动词连接表语。

　　意为“收到……的来信”听说”。

　　语法填空

　　__1__

　　one thing，it can provide a colorful platform to show their talent.For __2__，it is a useful way to release their pressure.And all these make it more and more popular __3__ high school students.__4__

　　many parents and teachers hold a different view.They think that managing a micro blog will take a lot of time and energy，__5__ should be used to study.

　　In my view，I am greatly in favor __6__ this activity.Today the Internet is playing __7__ important and essential role in our life.Therefore as high school students of the Information Age，we need to learn to make use of this __8__(value)tool to communicate and display ourselves.What's more，opening and organizing micro blogs need various abilities, such as writing，designing，being skillful __9__ computer and so on.Only if we master those abilities can we make a successful micro blog.As a result，we improve ourselves while organizing our micro blogs.

　　In fact，micro blog itself is of little harm.It is your attitude towards it __10__ matters.We should take the advantages and avoid some bad effects.

　　1．For　根据后面两句的句意分析可知指同一个事情的两个方面用英语结构For one thing。

　　another　根据前面的For one thing可知此处指事情的For another。

　　with　make...popular with sb.“使……受欢迎”。

　　4But　根据上下文意思可知前后两个句子意思互为转折须用But。

　　which　根据句子结构分析可知后面为非限制性定语从句先行词指事物须用关系代词which引导。

　　of　in favor of 为固定短语意为“赞成喜欢”。

　　an　play a．..role“扮演……的角色起……的作用”；important以元音音素开头须用an。

　　valuable　根据句子中的tool可知此处用形容词修饰填valuable。

　　at　be skillful at意为“在

　　10．that　根据句子结构可知此处为it is...that...引导的强调句型须用that连接。

　　短文改错

　　en it until I went back home but gave me a naughty smile.Although there was a strong desire on my mind to know that was inside the box，I just did as she said.On the way to home，all I did was thinking about the puzzle.Finally I opened the box.It was a cup printing with a pink word—friendship.It was so lovely that I liked it very much.

　　Now，every time I use a cup，I will think with her and the friendship between us.

　　My best friend gave me a present in a box

　　my birthday.It was a little heavy，which made me very .So I intended to open it

　　once but she prevented me doing so.She said I mustn't open it until I went back home

　　gave me a naughty smile.Although there was a strong desire

　　my mind to know

　　was inside the box，I just did as she said.On the way

　　home，all I did was thinking about the puzzle.Finally I opened the box.It was a cup

　　with a pink word—friendship.It was so lovely that I liked it very much.

　　Now，every time I use

　　cup，I will think

　　her and the friendship between us.

　　1．英语中表示在某特定的日子用介词on。

　　根据前面的动词made判断此处是形容词作make的宾补应用形容词形式。

　　立刻

　　4．根据句意可知前后的两个动作是并列关系而不是转折关系。

　　根据上下文可知表示思想上、心里有强烈的愿望用in one's mind。

　　后的宾语从句中缺少主语应用what引导。

　　在此是副词前面不用加介词在某人回家的路上”。

　　是print的动作承受者应用过去分词作定语。

　　在文中是第二次出现表特指应用定冠词修饰。

　　想起”为固定搭配。